Genesis 14 — Hebrew and Greek compared
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Same 1 Similar 4 Different 12 Divergent 0 Disparate 7
Disparate in this chapter: 14:5, 14:7, 14:11, 14:15, 14:16, 14:21, 14:22
Each verse is rendered independently from the Hebrew (Rabbinic reading tradition) and from the Greek (Saints reading tradition). The badge classifies the relationship between the two readings; the note beneath records the source document’s comparison and attributed interpretation. Each column retains its own verse references where numbering differs.
The War of the Kings
14:1 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:1 In the days of Amraphel king of Shinar, Arioch king of Ellasar, Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of Goiim,
Greek · Saints priority
14:1 In the reign of Amraphel king of Shinar, Arioch king of Ellasar, Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Thargal king of nations
G names Thargal and renders nations where H has Tidal and Goiim. G's opening syntax places the events in Amraphel's reign.
14:2 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:2 they made war against Bera king of Sodom, Birsha king of Gomorrah, Shinab king of Admah, Shemeber king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela, which is Zoar.
Greek · Saints priority
14:2 made war against Balla king of Sodom, Barsa king of Gomorrah, Sennaar king of Admah, Symobor king of Zeboiim, and the king of Balak, which is Zoar.
Several personal and place-name forms differ substantially and are displayed rather than silently replaced with H's forms.
14:3 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:3 All these joined together in the valley of Siddim, which is the Salt Sea.
Greek · Saints priority
14:3 All these agreed together at the salt ravine, which is the Salt Sea.
H names Siddim; G describes a salt ravine. The identification with the Salt Sea belongs to both sources.
14:4 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:4 For twelve years they served Chedorlaomer, but in the thirteenth year they rebelled.
Greek · Saints priority
14:4 For twelve years they served Chedorlaomer, but in the thirteenth year they rebelled.
The duration of service and year of rebellion agree.
14:5 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:5 In the fourteenth year Chedorlaomer and the kings with him came and struck the Rephaim in Ashteroth-karnaim, the Zuzim in Ham, and the Emim in Shaveh-kiriathaim,
Greek · Saints priority
14:5 In the fourteenth year Chedorlaomer and the kings with him came and cut down the giants in Ashteroth-karnaim, strong nations with them, and the Ommaeans in the city of Shaveh,
G depicts giants and strong nations where H names Rephaim and Zuzim in Ham; the Emim/Ommaeans and final place designation also differ. Neither column is blended with the other.
14:6 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:6 and the Horites in their mountain region of Seir, as far as El-paran, which is beside the wilderness.
Greek · Saints priority
14:6 and the Horites in the mountains of Seir, as far as the terebinth of Paran, which is in the wilderness.
G uses a botanical description for El-paran and locates it in, rather than beside, the wilderness.
14:7 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:7 They turned back and came to En-mishpat, which is Kadesh. They struck the whole territory of the Amalekites and also the Amorites living in Hazezon-tamar.
Greek · Saints priority
14:7 They turned back and came to the Spring of Judgment, which is Kadesh. They cut down all the rulers of Amalek and the Amorites living in Hazezon-tamar.
H describes the Amalekite territory; G specifies its rulers as those struck. G also translates En-mishpat's name.
14:8 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:8 The kings of Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboiim, and Bela, which is Zoar, went out and drew up battle lines in the valley of Siddim
Greek · Saints priority
14:8 The kings of Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboiim, and Balak, which is Zoar, went out and drew up battle lines in the salt valley
Bela/Balak and Siddim/salt valley continue the earlier distinctions.
14:9 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:9 against Chedorlaomer king of Elam, Tidal king of Goiim, Amraphel king of Shinar, and Arioch king of Ellasar—four kings against five.
Greek · Saints priority
14:9 against Chedorlaomer king of Elam, Thargal king of nations, Amraphel king of Shinar, and Arioch king of Ellasar—four kings against five.
The combatant count agrees; Tidal/Thargal and Goiim/nations continue verse 1.
Lot Captured and Rescued
14:10 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:10 The valley of Siddim was full of bitumen pits. The kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled and fell there, while the remaining men fled to the hill country.
Greek · Saints priority
14:10 The salt valley was full of bitumen pits. The kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled and fell into them there, while the remaining men fled to the hill country.
G describes the salt valley and explicitly uses a falling-into verb. Neither rendering adds some to solve the later reappearance of Sodom's king.
14:11 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:11 They took all the possessions of Sodom and Gomorrah and all their food, and went away.
Greek · Saints priority
14:11 They took all the horses of Sodom and Gomorrah and all their food, and went away.
G specifies the collective horse stock or cavalry, hippos, where H has possessions. The military assets are not broadened to all goods in G.
14:12 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:12 They took Lot, Abram's nephew, and his possessions, and went away; he was living in Sodom.
Greek · Saints priority
14:12 They also took Lot, Abram's nephew, and his baggage, and went away, for he was living in Sodom.
The capture agrees; G's baggage term gives a somewhat more specific description of his property.
14:13 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:13 An escapee came and reported this to Abram the Hebrew. He was living by the oaks of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eshcol and brother of Aner; these men were Abram's covenant allies.
Greek · Saints priority
14:13 One of those who escaped came and reported this to Abram the one from beyond. He was living beside the oak of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eshcol and brother of Aunan; these men were Abram's sworn allies.
G renders Hebrew as one from beyond, uses singular oak, and reads Aunan for Aner. The ethnic designation receives a descriptive rendering; traveler alone is too vague.
14:14 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:14 When Abram heard that his kinsman had been captured, he mustered his trained men born in his household, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued as far as Dan.
Greek · Saints priority
14:14 When Abram heard that his kinsman Lot had been captured, he counted his own household-born men, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued after them as far as Dan.
H describes trained men and their mustering; G counts household-born men and expressly names Lot. Both give 318; no single-person identification is supplied in the translation.
14:15 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:15 He divided his force against them by night, he and his slaves, and struck them. He pursued them as far as Hobah, which is to the left of Damascus.
Greek · Saints priority
14:15 He fell upon them by night, he and his household attendants, and struck them. He pursued them as far as Hobah, which is to the left of Damascus.
H specifies division of the attacking force; G specifies a sudden assault. G paides is rendered from the household-military context, not automatically as children.
14:16 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:16 He brought back all the possessions; he also brought back his kinsman Lot and his possessions, as well as the women and the people.
Greek · Saints priority
14:16 He brought back all the horses of Sodom; he also brought back his kinsman Lot and his possessions, the women, and the people.
G again identifies horses and explicitly associates them with Sodom; H gives all the possessions without that restriction.
The Blessing of Melchizedek
14:17 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:17 The king of Sodom went out to meet him after his return from striking Chedorlaomer and the kings with him, at the valley of Shaveh, which is the King's Valley.
Greek · Saints priority
14:17 The king of Sodom went out to meet him after his return from defeating Chedorlaomer and the kings with him, at the valley of Shaveh, which was the King's Plain.
H identifies a valley; G identifies a plain. RH has singular king, correcting the draft's plural kings.
14:18 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:18 Melchizedek king of Salem brought out bread and wine; he was priest of God Most High.
Greek · Saints priority
14:18 Melchizedek king of Salem brought out loaves and wine; he was priest of God Most High.
G uses plural loaves where H has collective bread. The kingship and priesthood agree.
Saints — Hebrews 7:1–3: Melchizedek’s kingship and priesthood become a comparison with the Son of God. This theological development is kept in the note.
14:19 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:19 He blessed him and said, “Blessed be Abram by God Most High, possessor of the heavens and the earth,
Greek · Saints priority
14:19 He blessed Abram and said, “Blessed be Abram by God Most High, who created heaven and earth,
H qoneh can signify possessor or maker; G explicitly says created and names Abram as the blessing's recipient. The lexical distinction does not make creation and ownership incompatible.
14:20 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:20 and blessed be God Most High, who delivered your enemies into your hand.” He gave him a tenth of everything.
Greek · Saints priority
14:20 “and blessed be God Most High, who delivered your enemies into your power.” He gave him a tenth of everything.
RH does not explicitly add Abram to the tithe clause. Both leave the subject and recipient pronominal, although the narrative and later reception identify Abram as giver.
Saints — Hebrews 7:2, 4: Hebrews expressly identifies Abraham as the giver of the tenth; the Genesis clauses leave the giver pronominal.
Abram Refuses the Spoils of Sodom
14:21 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:21 The king of Sodom said to Abram, “Give me the people and take the possessions for yourself.”
Greek · Saints priority
14:21 The king of Sodom said to Abram, “Give me the men and take the horses for yourself.”
H has people and possessions; G has men and horses. The proposed division of recovered captives and property differs in scope.
14:22 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:22 Abram said to the king of Sodom, “I have raised my hand to YHWH, God Most High, possessor of the heavens and the earth,
Greek · Saints priority
14:22 Abram said to the king of Sodom, “I will stretch out my hand to God Most High, who created heaven and earth,
H records a completed oath gesture and names YHWH; G uses a future gesture and omits Lord/YHWH. Possessor/creator continues verse 19.
14:23 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:23 that I will take neither a thread nor a sandal strap nor anything of yours, so that you will not say, ‘I made Abram rich.’
Greek · Saints priority
14:23 that I will take neither a thread nor a sandal fastening from anything of yours, so that you will not say, ‘I made Abram rich.’
Both use an oath formula refusing even the smallest item. G specifies a sandal fastening rather than H's strap.
14:24 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:24 Nothing for me, except what the young men have eaten and the share of the men who went with me—Aner, Eshcol, and Mamre. Let them take their share.”
Greek · Saints priority
14:24 Except what the young men have eaten and the share of the men who accompanied me—Eshcol, Aunan, and Mamre. They shall take a share.”
H includes nothing for me; G orders Eshcol before Aunan and uses a declarative future for their share.
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Saints Translation · Companion comparison edition · working draft awaiting specialist review.