Numbers 28 — Hebrew and Greek compared
← Numbers 27 compared · Reading text of Numbers 28 · Numbers: all chapters · Numbers 29 compared →
Same 10 Similar 5 Different 8 Divergent 6 Disparate 2
Disparate in this chapter: 28:2, 28:5
Each verse is rendered independently from the Hebrew (Rabbinic reading tradition) and from the Greek (Saints reading tradition). The badge classifies the relationship between the two readings; the note beneath records the source document’s comparison and attributed interpretation. Each column retains its own verse references where numbering differs.
Daily Offerings
28:1 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:1 YHWH spoke to Moses, saying:
Greek · Saints priority
28:1 The Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
28:2 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:2 Command the sons of Israel and say to them: My offering, My food for My fire offerings, My pleasing aroma—you shall take care to present it to Me at its appointed time.
Greek · Saints priority
28:2 Command the sons of Israel and say to them: My gifts, My donations, My offerings for a fragrant aroma—you shall take care to present them to Me at My festivals.
Food and fire-offering language / a series of gift terms; appointed time / festivals. Greek's formulation changes the imagery and calendar wording without removing the daily offerings that follow.
28:3 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:3 Say to them: This is the fire offering you shall present to YHWH: two unblemished year-old lambs each day as a regular burnt offering.
Greek · Saints priority
28:3 Say to them: These are the offerings you shall bring to the Lord: two unblemished year-old lambs each day as a continual whole burnt offering.
Fire offering / offering; burnt offering / whole burnt offering. The animals and daily frequency agree.
Apostolic comparison: Hebrews contrasts repeated daily priestly offerings with Christ’s single, enduring self-offering. This is a Christian theological comparison with continual sacrifice, not an alternative schedule within Numbers.
Source: Hebrews 10:11–14
28:4 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:4 Offer one lamb in the morning and the second lamb between the evenings.
Greek · Saints priority
28:4 Offer one lamb in the morning and the second lamb toward evening.
Between the evenings / toward evening preserves the distinct time expressions.
28:5 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:5 With it offer a tenth of an ephah of fine flour as a grain offering, mixed with a quarter of a hin of beaten oil.
Greek · Saints priority
28:5 You shall prepare a tenth of an ephah of fine flour as a sacrifice, worked with oil, a quarter of a hin.
Greek does not specify beaten oil, a qualification in Hebrew. Ephah and hin are retained; Greek oiphi and hin are borrowed forms of these measures.
28:6 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:6 It is the regular burnt offering instituted at Mount Sinai, a pleasing aroma, a fire offering to YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
28:6 It is a continual whole burnt offering, instituted at Mount Sinai as a fragrant aroma to the Lord.
Greek lacks the concluding fire-offering designation; both explicitly require whole burning.
28:7 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:7 Its drink offering shall be a quarter of a hin for each lamb. In the holy place pour out a drink offering of strong drink to YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
28:7 Its libation shall be a quarter of a hin for each lamb. In the holy place pour out a libation of strong drink to the Lord.
Greek sikera borrows the Hebrew strong-drink term; no alcohol-free substitution is made.
28:8 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:8 Offer the second lamb between the evenings. Offer it with the same grain offering and drink offering as in the morning, a fire offering, a pleasing aroma to YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
28:8 Offer the second lamb toward evening. Prepare it with its sacrifice and its libation as a fragrant aroma to the Lord.
Greek lacks the explicit comparison with the morning offering and the fire-offering designation; the evening time expression also differs.
Sabbath Offerings
28:9 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:9 On the Sabbath day offer two unblemished year-old lambs, and two tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering, with its drink offering.
Greek · Saints priority
28:9 On the Sabbath day bring two unblemished year-old lambs, and two tenths of an ephah of fine flour worked with oil as a sacrifice, with a libation.
The quantities and Sabbath addition agree; the flour offering is called minchah in Hebrew and thysia in Greek.
28:10 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:10 This is the Sabbath burnt offering for each Sabbath, in addition to the regular burnt offering and its drink offering.
Greek · Saints priority
28:10 This is the Sabbath whole burnt offering on each Sabbath, in addition to the continual whole burnt offering and its libation.
Monthly Offerings
28:11 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:11 At the beginnings of your months present a burnt offering to YHWH: two young bulls, one ram, and seven unblemished year-old lambs.
Greek · Saints priority
28:11 At the new moons bring whole burnt offerings to the Lord: two calves from the herd, one ram, and seven unblemished year-old lambs.
Beginnings of months / new moons; young bulls / calves. The quantities agree.
28:12 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:12 For each bull, three tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering; for each ram, two tenths of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering;
Greek · Saints priority
28:12 For each calf, three tenths of an ephah of fine flour worked with oil; for each ram, two tenths of an ephah of fine flour worked with oil;
Greek lacks the repeated explicit “grain offering” designation; the measures agree.
28:13 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:13 and for each lamb, a tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering: a burnt offering, a pleasing aroma, a fire offering to YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
28:13 For each lamb, a tenth of an ephah of fine flour worked with oil: a sacrifice, a fragrant aroma, an offering to the Lord.
Hebrew's concluding burnt/fire-offering designations become sacrifice/offering in Greek; the preceding verse still explicitly commands whole burnt offerings.
28:14 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:14 Their drink offerings shall be wine: half a hin for a bull, a third of a hin for a ram, and a quarter of a hin for a lamb. This is the monthly burnt offering for each month throughout the year.
Greek · Saints priority
28:14 Their libation shall be wine: half a hin for each calf, a third of a hin for each ram, and a quarter of a hin for each lamb. This is the whole burnt offering month by month throughout the year.
The wine measures and recurrence agree.
28:15 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:15 One male goat shall also be offered as a sin offering to YHWH, in addition to the regular burnt offering and its drink offering.
Greek · Saints priority
28:15 One male goat shall also be offered for sin to the Lord, in addition to the continual whole burnt offering and its libation.
Passover and the Festival of Unleavened Bread
28:16 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:16 In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, is YHWH's Passover.
Greek · Saints priority
28:16 In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, is the Lord's Passover.
28:17 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:17 On the fifteenth day of this month is a feast. Unleavened bread shall be eaten for seven days.
Greek · Saints priority
28:17 On the fifteenth day of this month is a festival. You shall eat unleavened bread for seven days.
28:18 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:18 On the first day there shall be a holy assembly. You shall do no laborious work.
Greek · Saints priority
28:18 The first day shall be a holy appointed assembly for you. You shall do no laborious work.
Greek explicitly adds “for you”; both prohibit work associated with ordinary labor.
28:19 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:19 Present a fire offering, a burnt offering to YHWH: two young bulls, one ram, and seven year-old lambs; they shall be unblemished.
Greek · Saints priority
28:19 Bring whole burnt offerings, offerings to the Lord: two calves from the herd, one ram, and seven year-old lambs; they shall be unblemished.
Young bulls / calves; fire offering / offering. The prescribed animal totals agree.
28:20 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:20 Their grain offering shall be fine flour mixed with oil: prepare three tenths of an ephah for a bull and two tenths for a ram.
Greek · Saints priority
28:20 Their sacrifice shall be fine flour worked with oil: three tenths of an ephah for each calf and two tenths for each ram.
The flour quantities agree; Hebrew explicitly repeats the preparation command.
28:21 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:21 Prepare a tenth of an ephah for each of the seven lambs.
Greek · Saints priority
28:21 Prepare a tenth of an ephah for each of the seven lambs.
28:22 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:22 Offer one male goat as a sin offering to make atonement for you.
Greek · Saints priority
28:22 Offer one male goat for sin, to make propitiation for you.
Atonement / propitiation represents corresponding ritual language for the people, not a demonstrated doctrinal conflict.
28:23 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:23 You shall offer these in addition to the morning burnt offering, which belongs to the regular burnt offering.
Greek · Saints priority
28:23 These are apart from the continual morning whole burnt offering, which is a continual whole burnt offering.
Greek repeats the description of continual burning and lacks the Hebrew's explicit “you shall offer these.”
28:24 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:24 Offer these each day for seven days as food, a fire offering, a pleasing aroma to YHWH. They shall be offered in addition to the regular burnt offering and its drink offering.
Greek · Saints priority
28:24 Prepare these in this way each day for seven days as a gift, an offering, a fragrant aroma to the Lord. In addition to the continual whole burnt offering, you shall prepare its libation.
Food / gift; fire offering / offering. Hebrew says the festival offerings are additional; Greek's last command explicitly concerns the libation.
28:25 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:25 On the seventh day you shall have a holy assembly. You shall do no laborious work.
Greek · Saints priority
28:25 The seventh day shall be a holy summoned assembly for you. You shall do no laborious work on it.
The Festival of Weeks
28:26 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:26 On the day of firstfruits, when you present a new grain offering to YHWH at your Feast of Weeks, you shall have a holy assembly. You shall do no laborious work.
Greek · Saints priority
28:26 On the day of new produce, when you present a new sacrifice to the Lord at the festival of weeks, you shall have a holy appointed assembly. You shall do no laborious work.
Firstfruits / new produce; grain offering / sacrifice. The Greek genitive “of weeks” is read with the festival occasion.
28:27 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:27 Present a burnt offering as a pleasing aroma to YHWH: two young bulls, one ram, and seven year-old lambs.
Greek · Saints priority
28:27 Bring whole burnt offerings as a fragrant aroma to the Lord: two calves from the herd, one ram, and seven unblemished year-old lambs.
Greek explicitly adds “unblemished” here; Hebrew gives that requirement in verse 31.
28:28 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:28 Their grain offering shall be fine flour mixed with oil: three tenths of an ephah for each bull and two tenths for each ram;
Greek · Saints priority
28:28 Their sacrifice shall be fine flour worked with oil: three tenths of an ephah for each calf and two tenths for each ram;
The grain measures agree.
28:29 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:29 a tenth of an ephah for each of the seven lambs;
Greek · Saints priority
28:29 a tenth of an ephah for each of the seven lambs;
28:30 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:30 and one male goat to make atonement for you.
Greek · Saints priority
28:30 and one male goat for sin, to make propitiation for you.
Greek explicitly adds for sin; both state the purpose of the rite on behalf of the people.
28:31 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
28:31 You shall offer these in addition to the regular burnt offering and its grain offering. They shall be unblemished, with their drink offerings.
Greek · Saints priority
28:31 These are apart from the continual whole burnt offering. You shall prepare their sacrifice for Me—they shall be unblemished—and their libations.
Hebrew includes the regular grain offering among the standing additions; Greek directly commands preparation of “their sacrifice for Me.” Both retain unblemished animals and libations.
← Numbers 27 compared · Reading text of Numbers 28 · Numbers: all chapters · Numbers 29 compared →
Saints Translation · Companion comparison edition · working draft awaiting specialist review.