1 Peter 5 — Greek text and reception
Each card preserves the Greek reading and its textual and reception notes. This source provides a Greek study edition; Hebrew counterparts and Hebrew–Greek classifications are not supplied.
Chapter 5
Shepherding, vigilance, and final greetings
Shepherd the flock
Verse 5:1
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
Therefore, I exhort the elders among you, as a fellow elder and a witness of the sufferings of Christ, and also a participant in the glory about to be revealed:
Textual & Reception Notes
Text [G]: The writer's three relations—fellow elder, witness, and participant—remain distinct. Reception [R29]: see Calvin’s unit exposition of 5:1-4 below.
Text [G]: NA28 has no οὖν and reads τοὺς ἐν ὑμῖν (SBLGNT οὖν, no article); the rendering above follows SBLGNT, and NA28 would drop "Therefore".[G][R29]
Verse 5:2
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
Shepherd the flock of God among you, exercising oversight, not under compulsion but willingly, according to God; not for shameful gain but eagerly;
Verse 5:3
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
not as lording it over those allotted to you, but becoming examples to the flock.
Verse 5:4
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And when the Chief Shepherd is manifested, you will receive the unfading crown of glory.
Verse 5:5
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
Likewise, you who are younger, submit yourselves to the elders. And all of you, clothe yourselves with humility toward one another, because “God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble.”
Textual & Reception Notes
Text [G]: The younger group's submission and everyone's humility are separately expressed. The clothing metaphor remains. Reception [R30]: see Calvin’s unit exposition of 5:5-7 below. Polycarp, Philippians 10 [P]: urges mutual subjection; related reuse, without importing that wording into SBLGNT.
Humility and vigilance
Verse 5:6
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
Therefore, humble yourselves under the mighty hand of God, so that He may exalt you in due time,
Verse 5:7
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
casting all your anxiety upon Him, because He cares for you.
Verse 5:8
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
Be sober; be watchful. Your adversary, the devil, walks about like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.
Textual & Reception Notes
Text [G]: The two imperatives and the lion comparison remain; the adversary is explicitly identified as the devil. Reception [R31]: see Calvin’s unit exposition of 5:8-11 below. Bunyan, The Pilgrim’s Progress, Part One, Gutenberg §§96,319 (Third Stage, Christian to Simple, Sloth and Presumption; Ninth Stage, the Little-faith story) [B]: explicitly reuses the roaring-lion warning in the pilgrimage narrative.
Verse 5:9
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
Resist him, firm in the faith, knowing that the same kinds of sufferings are being experienced by your brotherhood in the world.
Verse 5:10
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And the God of all grace, who called you to His eternal glory in Christ, after you have suffered a little while, will Himself restore, establish, strengthen, and firmly ground you.
Verse 5:11
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
To Him be the dominion forever and ever. Amen.
Textual & Reception Notes
Text [G]: G's doxology names dominion here, without adding glory. Reception [R31]: see Calvin’s unit exposition of 5:8-11 below.
Text [G]: NA28 reads εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας without τῶν αἰώνων (SBLGNT εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων); the rendering above follows SBLGNT, and NA28 would read "forever".[G][R31]
Final testimony and greetings
Verse 5:12
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
Through Silvanus, whom I regard as a faithful brother, I have written to you briefly, exhorting and testifying that this is the true grace of God. Stand in it.
Verse 5:13
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
She who is in Babylon, chosen together with you, greets you, and so does Mark, my son.
Textual & Reception Notes
Text [G]: The feminine “she” remains without inserting church as an explicit noun. Babylon and the familial description of Mark remain uninterpreted in the translation. Reception [R32]: see Calvin’s unit exposition of 5:12-14 below. Eusebius, Church History 2.15.2 [E]: quotes the greeting while reporting the tradition that Babylon denotes Rome and linking Mark with Peter. This is historical reception, not an explicit place-name substitution in Greek.
Verse 5:14
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
Greet one another with a kiss of love. Peace to all of you who are in Christ.