Hebrews 1 — Greek text and reception
Each card preserves the Greek reading and its textual and reception notes. This source provides a Greek study edition; Hebrew counterparts and Hebrew–Greek classifications are not supplied.
Chapter 1
God speaks in the Son
Verse 1:1
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
In many portions and in many ways, God spoke long ago to the fathers in the prophets,
Textual & Reception Notes
Verse 1:2
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
but at the end of these days He spoke to us in a Son, whom He appointed heir of all things, through whom He also made the ages.
Textual & Reception Notes
Ages renders aiōnes, which can encompass the world’s temporal order. In a Son preserves the qualitative form without a Greek article.
Verse 1:3
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
He is the radiance of His glory and the imprint of His being, and carries all things by the word of power. Having made purification of sins through Himself, He sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high,
Textual & Reception Notes
Text [G]: Through Himself is present, and the phrase word of power lacks an explicit His after power. Hypostasis is being or underlying reality; the historical term is not replaced with a later doctrinal definition.
Text [G]: NA28 reads τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ and has no δι᾽ αὑτοῦ (SBLGNT τῆς δυνάμεως, δι᾽ αὑτοῦ); the rendering above follows SBLGNT, and NA28 would read "by the word of His power, having made purification of sins".[G]
Verse 1:4
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
having become so much greater than the angels as the name He has inherited is more excellent than theirs.
Textual & Reception Notes
The Son above the angels
Verse 1:5
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
For to which of the angels did He ever say, “You are My Son; today I have begotten You”? And again, “I will be a Father to Him, and He will be a Son to Me”?
Textual & Reception Notes
Verse 1:6
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And when He again brings the firstborn into the inhabited world, He says, “And let all God’s angels worship Him.”
Textual & Reception Notes
Again can connect to bringing the firstborn or serve as an introduction to another quotation. The rendering takes it with brings but does not assign a particular event.
Verse 1:7
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And concerning the angels He says, “He makes His angels spirits, and His ministers a flame of fire.”
Textual & Reception Notes
Pneumata can mean spirits or winds. Spirits preserves the same word as the ministering spirits of 1:14. The clause translates Hebrews’ quotation as accessed, without changing another book’s wording.
Verse 1:8
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
But concerning the Son, “Your throne, O God, is for the age of the age, and the scepter of uprightness is the scepter of Your kingdom.
Textual & Reception Notes
O God takes ho theos as a direct address. God is Your throne is another grammatical construction. The English preserves the divine address as the chosen reading.
Verse 1:9
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
You loved righteousness and hated lawlessness; for this reason God, Your God, anointed You with the oil of exultation beyond Your companions.”
Textual & Reception Notes
Verse 1:10
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And, “You, Lord, in the beginning founded the earth, and the heavens are the works of Your hands.
Textual & Reception Notes
Verse 1:11
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
They will perish, but You remain; and all will grow old like a garment,
Textual & Reception Notes
Verse 1:12
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
and like a cloak You will roll them up; like a garment they will also be changed. But You are the same, and Your years will not fail.”
Textual & Reception Notes
Verse 1:13
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
But to which of the angels has He ever said, “Sit at My right hand until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet”?
Textual & Reception Notes
Verse 1:14
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
Are they not all ministering spirits, sent out for service for the sake of those who are to inherit salvation?
Textual & Reception Notes