Deuteronomy 11 — Hebrew and Greek compared
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Same 5 Similar 6 Different 7 Divergent 5 Disparate 9
Disparate in this chapter: 11:8, 11:13, 11:14, 11:15, 11:16, 11:18, 11:24, 11:30, 11:31
Each verse is rendered independently from the Hebrew (Rabbinic reading tradition) and from the Greek (Saints reading tradition). The badge classifies the relationship between the two readings; the note beneath records the source document’s comparison and attributed interpretation. Each column retains its own verse references where numbering differs.
A Call to Remembrance
11:1 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:1 Love YHWH your God, and always keep His charge, His statutes, His judgments, and His commandments.
Greek · Saints priority
11:1 Love the Lord your God, and always keep His charges, His ordinances, and His judgments.
Greek omits the separate phrase His commandments from this list.
11:2 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:2 Know today that I am addressing you, not your children, who neither knew nor saw the discipline of YHWH your God, His greatness, His mighty hand, and His outstretched arm,
Greek · Saints priority
11:2 Know today that I am addressing you, not your children, who neither knew nor saw the discipline of the Lord your God, His mighty deeds, His mighty hand, and His uplifted arm,
Greek has mighty deeds where Hebrew has greatness. I am addressing you supplies the implied sense of the unfinished construction in both; compare verse 7.
11:3 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:3 His signs and His deeds that He did in Egypt to Pharaoh king of Egypt and all his land,
Greek · Saints priority
11:3 His signs and His wonders that He did in Egypt to Pharaoh king of Egypt and all his land,
Greek explicitly characterizes the deeds as wonders.
11:4 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:4 and what He did to Egypt's army, its horses and chariots, when He made the waters of the Sea of Reeds overwhelm them as they pursued you, and YHWH destroyed them, as to this day,
Greek · Saints priority
11:4 and what He did to the Egyptians' army, their chariots and cavalry, when He made the waters of the Red Sea overwhelm them as they pursued you, and the Lord destroyed them, as to this day,
Greek reverses horses and chariots, uses a collective term for horse forces, and names the Red Sea rather than literally Sea of Reeds.
11:5 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:5 and what He did for you in the wilderness until you reached this place,
Greek · Saints priority
11:5 and what He did for you in the wilderness until you reached this place,
The wilderness experience agrees.
11:6 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:6 and what He did to Dathan and Abiram, sons of Eliab son of Reuben, when the earth opened its mouth and swallowed them, their households, their tents, and everything belonging to them, in the midst of all Israel.
Greek · Saints priority
11:6 and what He did to Dathan and Abiram, sons of Eliab son of Reuben, when the earth opened its mouth and swallowed them, their households, their tents, and all their possessions with them, in the midst of all Israel.
Hebrew's everything at their feet and Greek's possessions with them both express comprehensive loss; neither column imports Korah's name into this verse.
11:7 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:7 Your own eyes saw all the great work YHWH did.
Greek · Saints priority
11:7 Your own eyes have seen all the great works the Lord did for you today.
Greek adds for you today and uses plural works.
The Promise of the Land
11:8 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:8 Keep the whole commandment I command you today, so that you may be strong and enter and possess the land you are crossing over to possess,
Greek · Saints priority
11:8 Keep all His commandments that I command you today, so that you may live and multiply, and enter and inherit the land for which you are crossing the Jordan to inherit it,
Greek replaces being strong with living and multiplying, names the Jordan, and explicitly calls the commandments His. The stated benefit of obedience differs.
11:9 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:9 and so that you may prolong your days on the land YHWH swore to your fathers to give them and their offspring, a land flowing with milk and honey.
Greek · Saints priority
11:9 so that you may prolong your days on the land the Lord swore to your fathers to give them and their offspring after them, a land flowing with milk and honey.
Greek adds after them to the offspring formula.
11:10 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:10 For the land you are entering to possess is unlike the land of Egypt from which you came out, where you sowed your seed and watered it with your foot, like a vegetable garden.
Greek · Saints priority
11:10 For the land you are entering to inherit is unlike the land of Egypt from which you came out, where they sow seed and water it with their feet, like a vegetable garden.
Hebrew addresses Israel's former practice as you; Greek describes the cultivators as they. Both retain the foot-watering expression without specifying an irrigation device.
11:11 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:11 The land you are crossing over to possess is a land of hills and valleys; it drinks water from the rain of heaven,
Greek · Saints priority
11:11 The land you are entering to inherit is a mountainous and level land; it drinks water from the rain of heaven,
Greek describes level country where Hebrew specifies valleys. Both contrast rain-fed land with Egypt.
11:12 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:12 a land YHWH your God cares for. YHWH your God's eyes are always upon it, from the beginning of the year to the year's end.
Greek · Saints priority
11:12 a land the Lord your God watches over. The Lord your God's eyes are always upon it, from the beginning of the year to the year's end.
Both describe continuous divine care throughout the year.
11:13 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:13 If you diligently obey My commandments that I command you today, loving YHWH your God and serving Him with all your heart and all your soul,
Greek · Saints priority
11:13 If you diligently obey all His commandments that I command you today, loving the Lord your God and serving Him with all your heart and all your soul,
Hebrew has My commandments; Greek has all His commandments. The Greek maintains Moses speaking about God, where the Hebrew shifts toward direct divine speech.
11:14 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:14 I will give the rain for your land in its season, the early rain and the late rain, and you will gather your grain, new wine, and oil.
Greek · Saints priority
11:14 He will give rain to your land in season, early and late, and you will bring in your grain, wine, and oil.
The giver speaks as I in Hebrew but is described as He in Greek, continuing the difference in speaking voice from verse 13.
11:15 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:15 I will give grass in your field for your livestock, and you will eat and be satisfied.
Greek · Saints priority
11:15 He will give fodder in your fields for your livestock. When you have eaten and been satisfied,
Hebrew continues I will give; Greek has He will give and links eating and satisfaction grammatically to the warning in verse 16.
11:16 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:16 Guard yourselves, lest your heart be deceived and you turn aside, serve other gods, and bow down to them.
Greek · Saints priority
11:16 take care, lest your heart grow expansive and you transgress, serve other gods, and bow down to them.
Hebrew warns of an enticed or deceived heart; Greek describes the heart becoming enlarged or expansive, here a dangerous response to satisfaction. Deceived has not been silently substituted into Greek.
11:17 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:17 Then YHWH's anger would burn against you; He would shut the heavens so there would be no rain, the ground would yield no produce, and you would quickly perish from the good land YHWH is giving you.
Greek · Saints priority
11:17 Then the Lord would become angry with you and shut the heavens; there would be no rain, the land would yield no fruit, and you would quickly perish from the good land the Lord gave you.
Greek describes the land as already given; Hebrew presents it as being given. The sanctions agree.
Instruction and Retention
11:18 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:18 Put these words of mine upon your heart and soul; bind them as a sign on your hand, and let them be frontlets between your eyes.
Greek · Saints priority
11:18 Put these words into your heart and soul; fasten them as a sign on your hand, and let it be immovable before your eyes.
Greek omits of mine and renders frontlets between your eyes as something immovable before your eyes. The distinct physical wording remains visible; this alone does not settle later practice.
11:19 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:19 Teach them to your children, speaking of them when you sit in your house, walk on the road, lie down, and rise.
Greek · Saints priority
11:19 Teach them to your children, to speak of them while sitting at home, walking on the road, lying down, and rising.
Greek makes speaking the content of the instruction and uses plural participles; the everyday settings agree.
11:20 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:20 Write them on your house's doorposts and on your gates,
Greek · Saints priority
11:20 Write them on the doorposts of your houses and of your gates,
Greek makes houses plural and associates doorposts with both houses and gates.
11:21 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:21 so that your days and your children's days may multiply on the land YHWH swore to your fathers to give them, as long as the heavens are above the earth.
Greek · Saints priority
11:21 so that you and your children may have long days on the land the Lord swore to your fathers to give them, as long as the heavens are above the earth.
Both compare enduring life in the land with the duration of heaven over earth.
11:22 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:22 If you diligently keep this whole commandment that I command you to do, loving YHWH your God, walking in all His ways, and clinging to Him,
Greek · Saints priority
11:22 If you diligently heed all these commandments that I command you today to do, loving the Lord our God, walking in all His ways, and clinging to Him,
Greek adds today, has our God rather than your God, and uses hearing rather than keeping in the opening condition.
11:23 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:23 YHWH will dispossess all these nations before you, and you will dispossess nations greater and stronger than you.
Greek · Saints priority
11:23 The Lord will drive out all these nations before you, and you will inherit great nations stronger than you.
The conquest is expressed through dispossession in Hebrew and expulsion followed by inheritance in Greek.
11:24 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:24 Every place the sole of your foot treads will be yours. Your boundary will extend from the wilderness and Lebanon, from the river, the Euphrates River, to the western sea.
Greek · Saints priority
11:24 Every place the sole of your foot treads will be yours. Your boundaries will extend from the wilderness and Anti-Lebanon, from the great river, the Euphrates River, to the western sea.
Greek names Anti-Lebanon rather than Lebanon, affecting the geographical description, and adds great to the river.
11:25 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:25 No one will stand before you. YHWH your God will put fear and dread of you over all the land you tread, as He told you.
Greek · Saints priority
11:25 No one will stand before you. The Lord your God will put dread and fear of you over all the land you tread, as the Lord told you.
Greek repeats the Lord in the final clause and reverses the paired fear terms.
The Blessing and the Curse
11:26 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:26 Look, today I set before you a blessing and a curse:
Greek · Saints priority
11:26 Look, today I set before you a blessing and a curse:
The two alternatives agree.
11:27 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:27 the blessing, when you obey the commandments of YHWH your God that I command you today,
Greek · Saints priority
11:27 the blessing, if you obey the commandments of the Lord your God that I command you today,
Greek marks the blessing explicitly as conditional; Hebrew uses a relative or explanatory connective, understood here as when.
11:28 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:28 and the curse, if you do not obey the commandments of YHWH your God and turn aside from the way I command you today, following other gods you have not known.
Greek · Saints priority
11:28 and the curses, if you do not obey the commandments of the Lord your God, all that I command you today, and wander from the way I commanded you, going to serve other gods you have not known.
Greek has plural curses, expands the commandment clause, and explicitly describes service to other gods.
11:29 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:29 When YHWH your God brings you into the land you are entering to possess, place the blessing on Mount Gerizim and the curse on Mount Ebal.
Greek · Saints priority
11:29 When the Lord your God brings you into the land you are crossing over to inherit, place the blessing on Mount Gerizim and the curse on Mount Ebal.
The mountains and their assigned blessing and curse agree.
11:30 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:30 Are they not beyond the Jordan, behind the road toward the sunset, in the land of the Canaanites who live in the Arabah, opposite Gilgal, beside the oaks of Moreh?
Greek · Saints priority
11:30 Look, are these not beyond the Jordan, behind the road toward the sunset, in the land of Canaan inhabited toward the west, adjoining Gilgal, near the lofty oak?
Greek gives west instead of Arabah, adjacency instead of opposite, and a lofty oak instead of the oaks of Moreh. Both say sunset; sunrise in the draft's Greek was incorrect.
11:31 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:31 For you are crossing the Jordan to enter and possess the land YHWH your God is giving you. You will possess it and dwell in it.
Greek · Saints priority
11:31 For you are crossing the Jordan to enter and inherit the land the Lord your God gives you as an allotment for all time. You will inherit it and dwell in it.
Greek adds the explicit allotment and enduring-duration formula for all time, literally all the days.
11:32 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
11:32 Take care to practice all the statutes and judgments I set before you today.
Greek · Saints priority
11:32 Take care to practice all His ordinances and these judgments I set before you today.
Greek explicitly identifies the ordinances as His and qualifies the judgments as these.
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Saints Translation · Companion comparison edition · working draft awaiting specialist review.