Leviticus 14 — Hebrew and Greek compared
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Same 19 Similar 13 Different 17 Divergent 5 Disparate 3
Disparate in this chapter: 14:10, 14:19, 14:39
Each verse is rendered independently from the Hebrew (Rabbinic reading tradition) and from the Greek (Saints reading tradition). The badge classifies the relationship between the two readings; the note beneath records the source document’s comparison and attributed interpretation. Each column retains its own verse references where numbering differs.
The initial cleansing rite · 14:1–9
14:1 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:1 YHWH spoke to Moses, saying:
Greek · Saints priority
14:1 The Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
The speech formula corresponds.
14:2 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:2 This shall be the law of the person with leprosy on the day of his cleansing: he shall be brought to the priest.
Greek · Saints priority
14:2 This is the law of the person with leprosy on the day he is cleansed: he shall be brought to the priest,
The cleansing procedure corresponds.
Saints reception — narrative allusion. After cleansing a man with leprosy, Jesus directs him to the priest and to the offering Moses commanded. This refers to the prescribed testimony and purification procedure. Mark 1:40–44
14:3 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:3 The priest shall go outside the camp and examine him. If the lesion of leprosy has healed in the person with leprosy,
Greek · Saints priority
14:3 and the priest shall go outside the camp and examine him. If the lesion of leprosy has healed in the person with leprosy,
The priest goes out to inspect the person in both.
14:4 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:4 the priest shall command that two living clean birds, cedarwood, scarlet material, and hyssop be taken for the person being cleansed.
Greek · Saints priority
14:4 the priest shall give orders, and they shall take two living clean birds, cedarwood, spun scarlet thread, and hyssop for the person who has been cleansed.
Greek specifies spun scarlet and uses a completed cleansing participle.
14:5 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:5 The priest shall command that one bird be slaughtered over an earthenware vessel containing living water.
Greek · Saints priority
14:5 The priest shall give orders, and they shall slaughter one bird into an earthenware vessel over living water.
Living water denotes fresh running or spring water in this rite; the idiom is retained in both.
14:6 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:6 He shall take the living bird, cedarwood, scarlet material, and hyssop, and dip them and the living bird in the blood of the bird slaughtered over the living water.
Greek · Saints priority
14:6 He shall take the living bird, cedarwood, spun scarlet thread, and hyssop, and dip them and the living bird in the blood of the bird slaughtered over the living water.
The materials and dipping correspond.
14:7 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:7 He shall sprinkle the person being cleansed from leprosy seven times, declare him clean, and release the living bird into the open field.
Greek · Saints priority
14:7 He shall sprinkle the person cleansed from leprosy seven times, and he shall be clean. He shall release the living bird into the plain.
Hebrew narrates the priest’s declaration; Greek states the person’s clean condition.
14:8 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:8 The person being cleansed shall wash his garments, shave off all his hair, bathe in water, and be clean. Afterward he may enter the camp, but he shall remain outside his tent for seven days.
Greek · Saints priority
14:8 The person who has been cleansed shall wash his garments, shave off all his hair, bathe in water, and be clean. Afterward he shall enter the camp, but he shall remain outside his house for seven days.
Tent / house changes the dwelling term; cleansing participles also differ.
14:9 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:9 On the seventh day he shall shave off all his hair: his head, his beard, and his eyebrows; he shall shave off all his hair. He shall wash his garments, bathe his body in water, and be clean.
Greek · Saints priority
14:9 On the seventh day he shall shave off all his hair: his head, his beard, and his eyebrows; he shall shave off all his hair. He shall wash his garments, bathe his body in water, and be clean.
The repeated shaving and washing instructions correspond.
Offerings on the eighth day · 14:10–20
14:10 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:10 On the eighth day he shall take two unblemished male lambs, one unblemished year-old ewe lamb, three tenths of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering, and one log of oil.
Greek · Saints priority
14:10 On the eighth day he shall take two unblemished year-old lambs, one unblemished year-old sheep, three tenths of fine flour mixed with oil for a sacrifice, and one kotyle of oil,
Greek expressly requires both first lambs to be year-old; Hebrew specifies the age only for the ewe lamb. Greek’s third animal is a sheep without an explicit female adjective. Log / kotyle is the source-unit correspondence.
14:11 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:11 The priest who performs the cleansing shall present the person being cleansed and these things before YHWH at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting.
Greek · Saints priority
14:11 The priest who performs the cleansing shall present the person being cleansed and these things before the Lord at the entrance of the Tent of Testimony.
The presentation corresponds.
14:12 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:12 The priest shall take one male lamb and present it as a guilt offering, with the log of oil, and wave them as a wave offering before YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
14:12 The priest shall take one lamb and present it for the offense offering, with the kotyle of oil, and separate it as a separated portion before the Lord.
Wave / separate changes the stated ritual action; Greek’s object is singular.
14:13 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:13 He shall slaughter the lamb in the holy place where the sin offering and burnt offering are slaughtered. Like the sin offering, the guilt offering belongs to the priest; it is most holy.
Greek · Saints priority
14:13 They shall slaughter the lamb in a holy place where they slaughter the whole burnt offerings and offerings for sin. The offering for sin is like the offense offering: it belongs to the priest; it is most holy.
Singular / plural slaughtering; Greek reverses the comparison and order of offerings.
14:14 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:14 The priest shall take some of the guilt offering’s blood and put it on the right earlobe of the person being cleansed, his right thumb, and his right big toe.
Greek · Saints priority
14:14 The priest shall take some of the offense offering’s blood and put it on the right earlobe of the person being cleansed, the extremity of his right hand, and the extremity of his right foot.
Thumb and big toe / hand and foot extremities.
14:15 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:15 The priest shall take some of the log of oil and pour it into the priest’s left palm.
Greek · Saints priority
14:15 The priest shall take some of the kotyle of oil and pour it onto the priest’s left hand,
Log / kotyle and palm / hand retain the source terms.
14:16 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:16 The priest shall dip his right finger into the oil in his left palm and sprinkle some of the oil with his finger seven times before YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
14:16 and dip his right finger into the oil on his left hand and sprinkle with his finger seven times before the Lord.
The sevenfold oil sprinkling corresponds; Hebrew repeats the oil as object.
14:17 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:17 From the oil remaining in his palm, the priest shall put some on the right earlobe of the person being cleansed, his right thumb, and his right big toe, upon the blood of the guilt offering.
Greek · Saints priority
14:17 The priest shall put the oil remaining in his hand on the right earlobe of the person being cleansed, the extremity of his right hand, and the extremity of his right foot, upon the place of the blood of the offense offering.
Greek specifies the blood’s place rather than simply the blood; anatomical specificity differs.
14:18 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:18 The remaining oil in the priest’s palm he shall put on the head of the person being cleansed. The priest shall make atonement for him before YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
14:18 The priest shall put the remaining oil in his hand on the head of the person who has been cleansed. The priest shall make propitiation for him before the Lord.
The remaining-oil application and mediation correspond.
14:19 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:19 The priest shall prepare the sin offering and make atonement for the person being cleansed from his uncleanness. Afterward he shall slaughter the burnt offering.
Greek · Saints priority
14:19 The priest shall prepare the offering for sin and make propitiation for the unclean person being cleansed from his sin. Afterward the priest shall slaughter the whole burnt offering.
Hebrew says cleansing from uncleanness; Greek says from his sin while calling the person unclean. This materially changes the stated object of cleansing; later doctrinal conclusions remain interpretation.
14:20 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:20 The priest shall offer up the burnt offering and grain offering on the altar. The priest shall make atonement for him, and he shall be clean.
Greek · Saints priority
14:20 The priest shall offer up the whole burnt offering and sacrifice on the altar before the Lord. The priest shall make propitiation for him, and he shall be cleansed.
Greek includes “before the Lord.”
Provision for limited means · 14:21–32
14:21 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:21 If he is poor and cannot afford these things, he shall take one male lamb as a guilt offering for waving, to make atonement for him, one tenth of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering, and a log of oil,
Greek · Saints priority
14:21 If he is poor and his hand cannot provide, he shall take one lamb for his offense as a portion set apart, to make propitiation for him, a tenth of fine flour mixed with oil for a sacrifice, and one kotyle of oil,
Waving / portion set apart and source units recur; the reduced provision agrees.
14:22 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:22 and two turtledoves or two young pigeons, whichever he can afford, one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering.
Greek · Saints priority
14:22 and two turtledoves or two young pigeons, whichever his hand can provide, one for sin and one for a whole burnt offering.
The bird alternative corresponds.
14:23 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:23 On the eighth day he shall bring them for his cleansing to the priest, at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting before YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
14:23 On the eighth day he shall bring them for his cleansing to the priest, at the entrance of the Tent of Testimony before the Lord.
The timing and presentation correspond.
14:24 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:24 The priest shall take the lamb of the guilt offering and the log of oil, and wave them as a wave offering before YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
14:24 The priest shall take the lamb of the offense offering and the kotyle of oil, and place them as a presentation before the Lord.
Wave / place as a presentation.
14:25 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:25 He shall slaughter the lamb of the guilt offering. The priest shall take some of its blood and put it on the right earlobe of the person being cleansed, his right thumb, and his right big toe.
Greek · Saints priority
14:25 He shall slaughter the lamb of the offense offering. The priest shall take some of its blood and put it on the right earlobe of the person being cleansed, the extremity of his right hand, and the extremity of his right foot.
The recurring anatomical wording differs.
14:26 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:26 The priest shall pour some of the oil into the priest’s left palm.
Greek · Saints priority
14:26 The priest shall pour some of the oil onto the priest’s left hand,
Palm / hand.
14:27 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:27 With his right finger the priest shall sprinkle some of the oil in his left palm seven times before YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
14:27 With his right finger the priest shall sprinkle some of the oil in his left hand seven times before the Lord.
The sevenfold sprinkling corresponds.
14:28 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:28 The priest shall put some of the oil in his palm on the right earlobe of the person being cleansed, his right thumb, and his right big toe, on the place of the guilt offering’s blood.
Greek · Saints priority
14:28 The priest shall put some of the oil on his hand on the right earlobe of the person being cleansed, the extremity of his right hand, and the extremity of his right foot, on the place of the offense offering’s blood.
Both now specify the blood’s place; anatomical terms differ.
14:29 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:29 He shall put the remaining oil in the priest’s palm on the head of the person being cleansed, to make atonement for him before YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
14:29 He shall put the remaining oil in the priest’s hand on the head of the person who has been cleansed, and the priest shall make propitiation for him before the Lord.
Purpose clause / coordinated priestly action.
14:30 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:30 He shall prepare one of the turtledoves or young pigeons, whichever he can afford,
Greek · Saints priority
14:30 He shall prepare one of the turtledoves or young pigeons, as his hand can provide,
The instruction continues into the next verse.
14:31 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:31 whichever he can afford, one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering, together with the grain offering. The priest shall make atonement before YHWH for the person being cleansed.
Greek · Saints priority
14:31 one for sin and one for a whole burnt offering, together with the sacrifice. The priest shall make propitiation before the Lord for the person being cleansed.
Greek lacks the repeated means clause at the beginning of this verse.
14:32 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:32 This is the law for the person with a lesion of leprosy who cannot afford what is required for his cleansing.
Greek · Saints priority
14:32 This is the law for the one with a lesion of leprosy and for the one whose hand cannot provide for his cleansing.
Greek coordinates the two descriptions; Hebrew subordinates the means condition.
Examination of a house · 14:33–42
14:33 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:33 YHWH spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying:
Greek · Saints priority
14:33 The Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying:
The joint address corresponds.
14:34 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:34 When you enter the land of Canaan, which I give you as a possession, and I put a lesion of leprosy in a house in the land you possess,
Greek · Saints priority
14:34 When you enter the land of the Canaanites, which I give you as a possession, and I put a lesion of leprosy in the houses of the land possessed by you,
Singular house / plural houses; both expressly attribute the condition to God.
14:35 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:35 the owner of the house shall come and tell the priest, saying: Something like a lesion has appeared to me in the house.
Greek · Saints priority
14:35 the owner of the house shall come and tell the priest, saying: Something like a lesion has appeared to me in the house.
The owner reports an appearance without assuming the priest’s judgment.
Rabbinic reception. Rashi stresses the tentative report: even a knowledgeable owner says that something like a lesion has appeared. The priest retains responsibility for the formal determination. Rashi, Leviticus 14:35
14:36 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:36 The priest shall command that the house be emptied before he enters to examine the lesion, so that nothing in the house becomes unclean. Afterward the priest shall enter to examine the house.
Greek · Saints priority
14:36 The priest shall command that the house be emptied before he enters to examine the lesion, so that nothing in the house becomes unclean. Afterward the priest shall enter to examine the house.
Emptying before inspection corresponds.
14:37 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:37 He shall examine the lesion. If the lesion in the walls of the house consists of greenish or reddish depressions that appear lower than the wall,
Greek · Saints priority
14:37 He shall examine the lesion in the walls of the house, greenish or fiery-red hollows whose appearance is lower than the walls,
The hollow discoloration criterion corresponds.
14:38 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:38 the priest shall leave the house, go to its entrance, and close the house for seven days.
Greek · Saints priority
14:38 the priest shall leave the house, go to its door, and isolate the house for seven days.
The seven-day closure corresponds.
14:39 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:39 On the seventh day the priest shall return and examine it. If the lesion has spread in the walls of the house,
Greek · Saints priority
14:39 On the seventh day the priest shall return and examine the house. If the lesion has not spread in the walls of the house,
Greek expressly includes not; Hebrew says it has spread. The following removal command is therefore triggered by opposite stated findings. The Greek negative is retained despite the procedural difficulty.
14:40 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:40 the priest shall command them to remove the stones that have the lesion and throw them outside the city into an unclean place.
Greek · Saints priority
14:40 the priest shall command them to remove the stones that have the lesion and throw them outside the city into an unclean place.
Stone removal follows in both, despite the opposed condition in 14:39.
14:41 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:41 He shall have the inside of the house scraped all around, and they shall pour the scraped-off plaster outside the city into an unclean place.
Greek · Saints priority
14:41 They shall scrape the house all around inside and pour the dust outside the city into an unclean place.
Singular direction / plural action; plaster or earth / dust.
14:42 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:42 They shall take other stones and put them in place of those stones. He shall take other plaster and replaster the house.
Greek · Saints priority
14:42 They shall take other scraped stones and put them in place of those stones. They shall take other earth and plaster the house.
Greek specifies scraped replacement stones and keeps plural agents throughout.
A returning lesion and purification · 14:43–53
14:43 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:43 If the lesion returns and breaks out in the house after the stones have been removed and the house scraped and replastered,
Greek · Saints priority
14:43 If a lesion comes again and springs up in the house after the stones have been removed and the house scraped and plastered,
The recurrence condition corresponds.
14:44 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:44 the priest shall come and examine it. If the lesion has spread in the house, it is malignant leprosy in the house; it is unclean.
Greek · Saints priority
14:44 the priest shall enter and examine it. If the lesion has spread in the house, it is persistent leprosy in the house; it is unclean.
Malignant / persistent follows 13:51.
14:45 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:45 He shall demolish the house—its stones, its timbers, and all its plaster—and carry them outside the city into an unclean place.
Greek · Saints priority
14:45 They shall demolish the house, and carry its timbers, its stones, and all its dust outside the city into an unclean place.
Singular / plural agents and order of materials differ.
14:46 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:46 Whoever enters the house during any of the days it is closed shall be unclean until evening.
Greek · Saints priority
14:46 Whoever enters the house during any of the days it is isolated shall be unclean until evening.
The entry consequence corresponds.
14:47 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:47 Whoever lies down in the house shall wash his garments, and whoever eats in the house shall wash his garments.
Greek · Saints priority
14:47 Whoever sleeps in the house shall wash his garments and be unclean until evening, and whoever eats in the house shall wash his garments and be unclean until evening.
Greek explicitly repeats the evening impurity period for both cases; Hebrew states only garment washing here. The entry rule in 14:46 already gives that impurity period in both texts, so a major change in legal consequence is not established.
14:48 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:48 But if the priest comes and examines it, and the lesion has not spread in the house after it was replastered, the priest shall declare the house clean, for the lesion has healed.
Greek · Saints priority
14:48 But if the priest comes in and examines it, and the lesion has not spread at all in the house after it was plastered, the priest shall declare the house clean, for the lesion has healed.
The clean declaration after non-recurrence corresponds.
14:49 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:49 To purify the house he shall take two birds, cedarwood, scarlet material, and hyssop.
Greek · Saints priority
14:49 To purify the house he shall take two living clean birds, cedarwood, spun scarlet thread, and hyssop.
Greek expressly specifies living clean birds here.
14:50 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:50 He shall slaughter one bird over an earthenware vessel containing living water.
Greek · Saints priority
14:50 He shall slaughter one bird into an earthenware vessel over living water,
The slaughter and fresh-water rite correspond.
14:51 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:51 He shall take the cedarwood, hyssop, scarlet material, and living bird, dip them in the blood of the slaughtered bird and the living water, and sprinkle the house seven times.
Greek · Saints priority
14:51 and take the cedarwood, spun scarlet thread, hyssop, and living bird, dip it in the blood of the bird slaughtered over living water, and sprinkle the house with them seven times,
Plural them / singular it for dipping; blood and water / blood of the bird slaughtered over water.
14:52 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:52 He shall purify the house with the bird’s blood, the living water, the living bird, the cedarwood, the hyssop, and the scarlet material.
Greek · Saints priority
14:52 He shall purify the house with the bird’s blood, the living water, the living bird, the cedarwood, the hyssop, and the spun scarlet thread.
The purifying materials correspond.
14:53 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:53 He shall release the living bird outside the city into the open field, make atonement for the house, and it shall be clean.
Greek · Saints priority
14:53 He shall release the living bird outside the city into the plain, make expiation for the house, and it shall be clean.
Greek ἐξιλάσκομαι here concerns the cleansing of an inanimate house, so it is rendered make expiation; it does not imply moral guilt in the building.
The governing distinction · 14:54–57
14:54 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:54 This is the law for every lesion of leprosy and every scaly lesion,
Greek · Saints priority
14:54 This is the law concerning every lesion of leprosy and every broken patch,
The recurring condition terms differ.
14:55 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:55 for leprosy of a garment or house,
Greek · Saints priority
14:55 for leprosy of a garment or house,
The material categories correspond.
14:56 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:56 for a swelling, a scab, or a bright spot,
Greek · Saints priority
14:56 for a scar, a mark, or a shining spot,
The summary preserves the distinct descriptive terms.
14:57 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
14:57 to teach when a thing is unclean and when it is clean. This is the law of leprosy.
Greek · Saints priority
14:57 to explain on what day it is unclean and on what day it shall be cleansed. This is the law of leprosy.
Both summarize the priestly determination; Greek gives cleansing in a passive verbal form.
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Saints Translation · Companion comparison edition · working draft awaiting specialist review.