Leviticus 15 — Hebrew and Greek compared
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Same 14 Similar 5 Different 8 Divergent 1 Disparate 5
Disparate in this chapter: 15:3, 15:9, 15:13, 15:23, 15:27
Each verse is rendered independently from the Hebrew (Rabbinic reading tradition) and from the Greek (Saints reading tradition). The badge classifies the relationship between the two readings; the note beneath records the source document’s comparison and attributed interpretation. Each column retains its own verse references where numbering differs.
A man’s discharge and contaminated objects · 15:1–12
15:1 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:1 YHWH spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying:
Greek · Saints priority
15:1 The Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying:
The joint address corresponds.
15:2 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:2 Speak to the sons of Israel and say to them: If any man has a discharge from his body, his discharge is unclean.
Greek · Saints priority
15:2 Speak to the sons of Israel and say to them: If any man has a flow from his body, his flow is unclean.
Hebrew gives the opening instruction in the plural, Greek in the singular; both identify a bodily flow.
15:3 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:3 This shall be his uncleanness in his discharge: whether his body lets the discharge flow or his body is blocked by the discharge, it is his uncleanness.
Greek · Saints priority
15:3 This is the law of his uncleanness: discharging seed from his body through the flow by which his body has become stopped up—this is his uncleanness within him. All the days of his body’s flow, in which his body has become stopped up through the flow, are his uncleanness.
Greek specifies seed, expands the duration clause, and does not preserve Hebrew’s straightforward either/or construction. The difficult Greek description is retained without assigning a modern disease.
15:4 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:4 Every bed on which the man with the discharge lies shall be unclean, and every article on which he sits shall be unclean.
Greek · Saints priority
15:4 Every bed on which the man with a seminal discharge lies is unclean, and every article on which the man with a seminal discharge sits shall be unclean.
Greek gonorrhyes explicitly names a seminal flow; the term is not rendered as a modern diagnosis.
15:5 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:5 Whoever touches his bed shall wash his garments, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
Greek · Saints priority
15:5 Whoever touches his bed shall wash his garments, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
The contact rule corresponds.
15:6 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:6 Whoever sits on an article on which the man with the discharge has sat shall wash his garments, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
Greek · Saints priority
15:6 Whoever sits on an article on which the man with a seminal discharge has sat shall wash his garments, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
The recurring Greek flow term is more specific; the purification rule agrees.
15:7 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:7 Whoever touches the body of the man with the discharge shall wash his garments, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
Greek · Saints priority
15:7 Whoever touches the skin of the man with a seminal discharge shall wash his garments, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
Body / skin and the flow term differ.
15:8 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:8 If the man with the discharge spits on someone clean, that person shall wash his garments, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
Greek · Saints priority
15:8 If the man with a seminal discharge spits on someone clean, that person shall wash his garments, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
The action and consequence agree; the flow terminology differs.
15:9 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:9 Any riding seat on which the man with the discharge rides shall be unclean.
Greek · Saints priority
15:9 Any donkey saddle on which the man with a seminal discharge mounts shall be unclean until evening.
Greek specifies a donkey saddle and supplies the evening endpoint; Hebrew gives a broader riding-seat category without that endpoint here.
15:10 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:10 Whoever touches anything that was under him shall be unclean until evening. Whoever carries those things shall wash his garments, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
Greek · Saints priority
15:10 Whoever touches anything that was under him shall be unclean until evening. Whoever carries those things shall wash his garments, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
The distinction between touching and carrying corresponds.
15:11 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:11 Anyone whom the man with the discharge touches without having rinsed his hands in water shall wash his garments, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
Greek · Saints priority
15:11 Anyone whom the man with a seminal discharge touches when he has not washed his hands shall wash his garments, bathe his body in water, and be unclean until evening.
Greek lacks water in the handwashing clause and specifies the body in the bathing clause.
15:12 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:12 An earthenware vessel touched by the man with the discharge shall be broken, and every wooden vessel shall be rinsed with water.
Greek · Saints priority
15:12 An earthenware vessel touched by the man with a seminal discharge shall be shattered, and a wooden vessel shall be washed with water and be clean.
Greek adds the express clean outcome for the wooden vessel.
Cleansing after a discharge · 15:13–15
15:13 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:13 When the man with the discharge is cleansed from his discharge, he shall count seven days for his cleansing, wash his garments, bathe his body in living water, and be clean.
Greek · Saints priority
15:13 When the man with a seminal discharge is cleansed from his flow, he shall count seven days for his cleansing, wash his garments, bathe his body in water, and be clean.
Hebrew requires living water; Greek simply says water. This changes the stated water requirement.
15:14 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:14 On the eighth day he shall take two turtledoves or two young pigeons, come before YHWH to the entrance of the Tent of Meeting, and give them to the priest.
Greek · Saints priority
15:14 On the eighth day he shall take two turtledoves or two young pigeons, bring them before the Lord to the doors of the Tent of Testimony, and give them to the priest.
Come / bring them differs in focus.
15:15 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:15 The priest shall prepare them, one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering. The priest shall make atonement for him before YHWH for his discharge.
Greek · Saints priority
15:15 The priest shall prepare them, one for sin and one for a whole burnt offering. The priest shall make propitiation for him before the Lord for his flow.
The cleansing offerings correspond.
An emission of semen · 15:16–18
15:16 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:16 If a man has an emission of semen, he shall bathe his whole body in water and be unclean until evening.
Greek · Saints priority
15:16 If a man has an emission of semen, he shall bathe his whole body in water and be unclean until evening.
Both distinguish this emission rule from the preceding prolonged-flow procedure.
15:17 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:17 Every garment and every skin on which there is semen shall be washed with water and be unclean until evening.
Greek · Saints priority
15:17 Every garment and every skin on which there is semen shall be washed with water and be unclean until evening.
The material-cleaning rule corresponds.
15:18 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:18 If a man lies with a woman with an emission of semen, they shall bathe in water and be unclean until evening.
Greek · Saints priority
15:18 If a man lies with a woman with an emission of semen, they shall bathe in water and be unclean until evening.
Both participants bathe; ritual impurity here is not itself a claim of sexual wrongdoing.
Menstrual separation · 15:19–24
15:19 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:19 If a woman has a discharge, and the discharge from her body is blood, she shall remain in her menstrual separation for seven days. Whoever touches her shall be unclean until evening.
Greek · Saints priority
15:19 If a woman has a flow of blood, her flow shall be in her body; she shall remain in her menstrual discharge for seven days. Whoever touches her shall be unclean until evening,
Separation / discharge reflects the source vocabulary; the duration and contact consequence agree.
15:20 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:20 Everything on which she lies during her menstrual separation shall be unclean, and everything on which she sits shall be unclean.
Greek · Saints priority
15:20 Everything on which she lies during her menstrual discharge shall be unclean, and everything on which she sits shall be unclean.
The affected articles correspond.
15:21 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:21 Whoever touches her bed shall wash his garments, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
Greek · Saints priority
15:21 Whoever touches her bed shall wash his garments, bathe his body in water, and be unclean until evening.
Greek expressly names the body.
15:22 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:22 Whoever touches any article on which she sits shall wash his garments, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
Greek · Saints priority
15:22 Whoever touches any article on which she sits shall wash his garments, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
The contact rule corresponds.
15:23 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:23 Whether it is the bed or the article on which she sits, when he touches it he shall be unclean until evening.
Greek · Saints priority
15:23 If, while she is on her bed or on the article on which she sits, he touches her, he shall be unclean until evening.
Hebrew’s masculine object is the bed or article; Greek’s feminine pronoun points to her. The expressly described contact differs; the Hebrew sentence is syntactically compressed.
15:24 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:24 If a man lies with her and her menstrual impurity comes upon him, he shall be unclean for seven days, and every bed on which he lies shall be unclean.
Greek · Saints priority
15:24 If anyone lies with her and her uncleanness comes upon him, he shall be unclean for seven days, and every bed on which he lies shall be unclean.
The seven-day consequence corresponds.
A prolonged flow and purification · 15:25–33
15:25 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:25 If a woman has a discharge of blood for many days outside the time of her menstrual separation, or if it continues beyond her menstrual separation, all the days of her unclean discharge shall be like the days of her menstrual separation; she is unclean.
Greek · Saints priority
15:25 If a woman has a flow of blood for many days outside the time of her menstrual discharge, or if she also has a flow after her menstrual discharge, all the days of her unclean flow shall be like the days of her menstrual discharge; she shall be unclean.
The prolonged or out-of-season flow rule corresponds.
Saints reception — thematic connection. Mark’s account of a woman’s prolonged flow of blood provides a Christian narrative connection with this condition. Her healing through Jesus is not presented here as a quotation of Leviticus. Mark 5:25–34
15:26 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:26 Every bed on which she lies during all the days of her discharge shall be like the bed of her menstrual separation, and every article on which she sits shall be unclean, as in her menstrual impurity.
Greek · Saints priority
15:26 Every bed on which she lies during all the days of her flow shall be like the bed of her menstrual discharge, and every article on which she sits shall be unclean, as in the uncleanness of her menstrual discharge.
The prolonged-flow rule applies the preceding article rules.
15:27 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:27 Whoever touches them shall be unclean. He shall wash his garments, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening.
Greek · Saints priority
15:27 Whoever touches her shall be unclean. He shall wash his garments, bathe his body in water, and be unclean until evening.
Hebrew says them, referring to the preceding articles; Greek says her. This materially changes the expressed contact that triggers the washing requirement.
15:28 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:28 When she is cleansed from her discharge, she shall count seven days, and afterward she shall be clean.
Greek · Saints priority
15:28 When she is cleansed from her flow, she shall count seven days, and afterward she shall be cleansed.
The waiting period corresponds.
15:29 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:29 On the eighth day she shall take two turtledoves or two young pigeons and bring them to the priest at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting.
Greek · Saints priority
15:29 On the eighth day she shall take two turtledoves or two young pigeons and bring them to the priest at the entrance of the Tent of Testimony.
The timing and offerings correspond.
15:30 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:30 The priest shall prepare one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering. The priest shall make atonement for her before YHWH for her unclean discharge.
Greek · Saints priority
15:30 The priest shall prepare one for sin and one for a whole burnt offering. The priest shall make propitiation for her before the Lord for her unclean flow.
The cleansing rite corresponds.
15:31 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:31 You shall keep the sons of Israel separate from their uncleanness, so that they do not die in their uncleanness by defiling My tabernacle that is among them.
Greek · Saints priority
15:31 You shall make the sons of Israel wary of their uncleannesses, so that they do not die because of their uncleanness by defiling My tent that is among them.
Keep separate / make wary changes the stated instructional approach; the sanctuary rationale agrees.
15:32 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:32 This is the law for the man with a discharge and for the one who has an emission of semen and becomes unclean through it,
Greek · Saints priority
15:32 This is the law for the man with a seminal discharge and for anyone who has an emission of semen and becomes defiled through it,
The recurring Greek flow term is more specific.
15:33 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
15:33 for the woman in her menstrual separation, for anyone with a discharge, male or female, and for the man who lies with an unclean woman.
Greek · Saints priority
15:33 for the woman bleeding in her menstrual discharge, for the one with a seminal discharge in his flow, male or female, and for the man who lies with a woman in menstrual separation.
Greek’s final woman is explicitly menstruating; Hebrew says unclean. Greek retains its seminal-flow term even in the male-or-female summary.
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Saints Translation · Companion comparison edition · working draft awaiting specialist review.