Leviticus 27 — Hebrew and Greek compared
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Same 13 Similar 5 Different 7 Divergent 5 Disparate 4
Disparate in this chapter: 27:2, 27:21, 27:23, 27:33
Each verse is rendered independently from the Hebrew (Rabbinic reading tradition) and from the Greek (Saints reading tradition). The badge classifies the relationship between the two readings; the note beneath records the source document’s comparison and attributed interpretation. Each column retains its own verse references where numbering differs.
Valuation of persons · 27:1–8
27:1 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:1 YHWH spoke to Moses, saying:
Greek · Saints priority
27:1 The Lord spoke to Moses, saying:
The speech formula corresponds.
27:2 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:2 Speak to the sons of Israel and say to them: If a man makes a special vow concerning persons to YHWH according to your valuation,
Greek · Saints priority
27:2 Speak to the sons of Israel and say to them: If anyone vows a vow for the valuation of his own person to the Lord,
Hebrew refers to persons generally; Greek expressly identifies his own person. This changes the expressed scope of the vow, though the subsequent valuation schedule includes both sexes and several ages.
27:3 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:3 your valuation for a male from twenty years old to sixty years old shall be fifty shekels of silver, by the sanctuary shekel.
Greek · Saints priority
27:3 the valuation of a male from twenty to sixty years old shall be fifty didrachmas of silver, by the sacred weight.
Greek maps the shekel to the didrachma and expresses the sanctuary standard as sacred weight. The numerical value agrees; no modern currency equivalence is implied.
27:4 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:4 If the person is female, your valuation shall be thirty shekels.
Greek · Saints priority
27:4 For a female the assessed value shall be thirty didrachmas.
The amount agrees; the unit follows each source’s own terminology.
27:5 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:5 From five years old to twenty years old, your valuation shall be twenty shekels for a male and ten shekels for a female.
Greek · Saints priority
27:5 From five to twenty years old, the valuation shall be twenty didrachmas for a male and ten didrachmas for a female.
The ages and amounts agree; shekel and didrachma are retained distinctly.
27:6 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:6 From one month old to five years old, your valuation shall be five shekels of silver for a male and three shekels of silver for a female.
Greek · Saints priority
27:6 From one month to five years old, the valuation shall be five didrachmas of silver for a male and three didrachmas for a female.
Greek does not repeat silver for the female valuation. Ages and numerical amounts agree.
27:7 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:7 From sixty years old and upward, your valuation shall be fifteen shekels for a male and ten shekels for a female.
Greek · Saints priority
27:7 From sixty years old and upward, the valuation shall be fifteen didrachmas of silver for a male and ten didrachmas for a female.
Greek expressly adds silver here; the schedule agrees numerically.
27:8 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:8 If he is too poor for your valuation, one shall set him before the priest, and the priest shall value him. The priest shall value him according to what the hand of the one who vowed can afford.
Greek · Saints priority
27:8 If he is too low in means for the valuation, he shall stand before the priest, and the priest shall value him. The priest shall value him according to the strength of the hand of the one who vowed.
Hebrew has an unspecified agent set him before the priest; Greek says he shall stand before the priest. Both provide assessment according to the vow-maker’s means.
Animals and houses · 27:9–15
27:9 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:9 If it concerns an animal of a kind presented as an offering to YHWH, whatever one gives from it to YHWH shall be holy.
Greek · Saints priority
27:9 If it concerns livestock of a kind presented as a gift to the Lord, whatever one gives from these to the Lord shall be holy.
Both make the offered animal holy.
27:10 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:10 He shall not replace it or exchange it, good for bad or bad for good. If he does exchange animal for animal, both it and its substitute shall be holy.
Greek · Saints priority
27:10 He shall not exchange it, good for bad or bad for good. If he does exchange it, animal for animal, both it and its substitute shall be holy.
Hebrew has two initial prohibition verbs; Greek has one. The exchange rule and resulting holiness agree.
27:11 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:11 If it concerns any unclean animal of a kind not presented as an offering to YHWH, he shall set the animal before the priest.
Greek · Saints priority
27:11 If it concerns any unclean livestock of a kind not presented as a gift to the Lord, he shall set the animal before the priest.
Both refer the non-offerable animal to the priest.
27:12 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:12 The priest shall value it, whether good or bad. As you, the priest, value it, so it shall be.
Greek · Saints priority
27:12 The priest shall value it, between good and bad. As the priest values it, so it shall stand.
Hebrew briefly addresses the priest as you; Greek remains in the third person.
27:13 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:13 If he does redeem it, he shall add a fifth to your valuation.
Greek · Saints priority
27:13 If he does ransom it, he shall add a fifth to its valuation.
The additional fifth corresponds.
27:14 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:14 If a man consecrates his house as holy to YHWH, the priest shall value it, whether good or bad. As the priest values it, so it shall stand.
Greek · Saints priority
27:14 If a man consecrates his house as holy to the Lord, the priest shall value it, between good and bad. As the priest values it, so it shall stand.
The house-valuation procedure corresponds.
27:15 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:15 If the one who consecrated his house redeems it, he shall add a fifth of the silver of your valuation to it, and it shall be his.
Greek · Saints priority
27:15 If the one who consecrated it ransoms his house, he shall add a fifth of the silver of the valuation to it, and it shall be his.
Both permit recovery at the assessed amount plus a fifth.
Fields and their valuation · 27:16–25
27:16 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:16 If a man consecrates to YHWH part of the field of his possession, your valuation shall be according to its seed: fifty shekels of silver for an area sown with a homer of barley.
Greek · Saints priority
27:16 If a man consecrates to the Lord part of the field of his possession, the valuation shall be according to its seed: fifty didrachmas of silver for a kor of barley.
Hebrew homer and shekels become Greek kor and didrachmas. The seed-based assessment agrees; an area sown with makes the Hebrew field context explicit.
27:17 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:17 If he consecrates his field from the year of Jubilee, it shall stand according to your valuation.
Greek · Saints priority
27:17 If he consecrates his field from the year of release, it shall stand according to its valuation.
The full valuation at the release-year point corresponds.
27:18 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:18 If he consecrates his field after the Jubilee, the priest shall calculate the silver for him according to the years remaining until the year of Jubilee, and a deduction shall be made from your valuation.
Greek · Saints priority
27:18 If he consecrates his field later, after the release, the priest shall calculate the silver for him according to the years remaining until the year of release, and a deduction shall be made from its assessment.
Greek adds later; the calculation by remaining years agrees.
27:19 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:19 If the one who consecrated the field redeems it, he shall add a fifth of the silver of your valuation to it, and it shall be confirmed as his.
Greek · Saints priority
27:19 If the one who consecrated the field ransoms it, he shall add a fifth of the silver to its valuation, and it shall be his.
The additional fifth and recovery of the field agree.
27:20 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:20 If he does not redeem the field, and if he sells the field to another man, it shall no longer be redeemed.
Greek · Saints priority
27:20 If he does not ransom the field and sells the field to another man, he shall no longer ransom it.
Hebrew states the restriction passively; Greek states it of the man. The subject of the sale has been debated in interpretation.
27:21 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:21 When the field is released in the Jubilee, it shall be holy to YHWH like a devoted field. It shall become the priest’s possession.
Greek · Saints priority
27:21 When the release has passed, the field shall be holy to the Lord like land set apart. It shall become the priest’s possession.
Hebrew locates the transfer when the field goes out at Jubilee; Greek says when the release has gone out or passed. The temporal formulation is confirmed in the selected RH main text; its wider witness history requires apparatus review, and Greek also uses set-apart language for devoted land.
27:22 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:22 If he consecrates to YHWH a field he purchased, which is not part of the field of his inherited possession,
Greek · Saints priority
27:22 If he consecrates to the Lord part of a field he acquired, which is not part of the field of his inherited possession,
Both distinguish purchased land from ancestral possession.
27:23 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:23 the priest shall calculate for him the amount of the valuation until the year of Jubilee, and he shall give the valuation on that day as holy to YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
27:23 the priest shall calculate for him the total valuation from the year of release, and he shall repay the valuation on that day as holy to the Lord.
Hebrew until the Jubilee becomes Greek from the year of release. This changes the expressed point from which the assessment is calculated.
27:24 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:24 In the year of Jubilee the field shall return to the one from whom he bought it, to whom the possession of the land belongs.
Greek · Saints priority
27:24 In the year of release the field shall be returned to the man from whom he acquired it, whose possession the land was.
The return to the hereditary possessor corresponds.
27:25 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:25 Every valuation of yours shall be by the sanctuary shekel; the shekel shall be twenty gerahs.
Greek · Saints priority
27:25 Every valuation shall be by sacred weights; the didrachma shall be twenty obols.
Greek maps the units to didrachma and obol while retaining twenty. These are the text’s stated equivalences; they must not be replaced by ordinary Greek coin ratios.
Firstborn animals, devoted things, and tithes · 27:26–34
27:26 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:26 But no one may consecrate a firstborn animal that already belongs to YHWH by being firstborn. Whether ox or sheep, it belongs to YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
27:26 Every firstborn born among your livestock shall belong to the Lord, and no one shall consecrate it. Whether calf or sheep, it belongs to the Lord.
Both exclude an already-due firstborn from a new voluntary consecration.
27:27 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:27 If it is an unclean animal, he shall ransom it according to your valuation and add a fifth to it. If it is not redeemed, it shall be sold according to your valuation.
Greek · Saints priority
27:27 If it is one of the unclean four-footed animals, he shall exchange it according to its valuation and add a fifth to it, and it shall be his. If he does not ransom it, it shall be sold according to its assessed value.
Greek adds and it shall be his and initially uses exchange for Hebrew ransom. The sale provision agrees.
27:28 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:28 But any devoted thing that a man devotes to YHWH from all that he has—human being, animal, or field of his possession—shall neither be sold nor redeemed. Every devoted thing is most holy to YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
27:28 Any devoted thing that a man dedicates to the Lord from all that he has—from human being to animal, or from the field of his possession—he shall neither sell nor ransom it. Every devoted thing shall be most holy to the Lord.
Both distinguish irrevocable devotion from the redeemable valuations above.
27:29 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:29 No person devoted to destruction from among humankind may be ransomed; he shall surely be put to death.
Greek · Saints priority
27:29 Anything devoted from among humankind shall not be ransomed, but shall be put to death.
Both prescribe death in this human-devotion category. Hebrew devoted to destruction makes the contextual force explicit; neither text here explains who may impose that status.
Rabbinic reception. Rashi applies this rule to someone already condemned to execution, who cannot be redeemed through a valuation vow. His reading does not make a private dedication vow a license to kill. Rashi, Leviticus 27:29
27:30 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:30 Every tithe of the land, from the seed of the land or the fruit of the tree, belongs to YHWH; it is holy to YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
27:30 Every tithe of the land, from the seed of the land and the fruit of trees, belongs to the Lord; it is holy to the Lord.
Both designate the agricultural tithe as holy.
Rabbinic reception. Rashi identifies this as the second tithe. That legal identification belongs in reception; neither source column expressly adds the word “second.” Rashi, Leviticus 27:30
27:31 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:31 If a man redeems any of his tithe, he shall add a fifth to it.
Greek · Saints priority
27:31 If a man ransoms his tithe, he shall add a fifth to it, and it shall be his.
Greek adds and it shall be his; Hebrew explicitly allows redemption of some of the tithe.
27:32 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:32 Every tithe of the herd and flock, every animal that passes under the staff—the tenth shall be holy to YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
27:32 Every tithe of cattle and sheep, and everything that comes under the staff in the count—the tenth shall be holy to the Lord.
Greek explicitly adds in the count; the tenth-animal rule agrees.
27:33 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:33 He shall not examine whether it is good or bad, and he shall not exchange it. If he does exchange it, both it and its substitute shall be holy; it shall not be redeemed.
Greek · Saints priority
27:33 You shall not exchange a good one for a bad one. If you do exchange it, its substitute also shall be holy; it shall not be ransomed.
Greek lacks Hebrew’s prohibition on selecting by quality and states only good-for-bad exchange explicitly. Hebrew prohibits exchange generally. Greek also leaves the original animal’s holiness implicit while adding the substitute.
27:34 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
27:34 These are the commandments that YHWH commanded Moses for the sons of Israel on Mount Sinai.
Greek · Saints priority
27:34 These are the commandments that the Lord commanded Moses for the sons of Israel on Mount Sinai.
Both close the book with the commandments given through Moses at Sinai.
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Saints Translation · Companion comparison edition · working draft awaiting specialist review.