Ezekiel 46 — Worship, inheritance, and the cooking courts — Hebrew and Greek compared
Each card keeps the independently rendered source readings above their shared comparison and reception notes. The badge records the source’s governing classification; disparate readings are marked in red. Each reading retains its original reference.
Ezekiel 46 — Worship, inheritance, and the cooking courts
46:1–46:11 — The ruler and people at the gates
Verse 46:1 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:1] Thus says Lord YHWH: The gate of the inner courtyard facing east shall be shut during the six working days, but on the Sabbath day it shall be opened, and on the day of the new moon it shall be opened.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:1] Thus says the Lord God: The gate in the inner court facing east shall be shut during the six working days, but on the Sabbath day it shall be opened, and on the day of the new moon it shall be opened.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both prescribe six closed working days and opening on Sabbaths and new moons.
Verse 46:2 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:2] The prince shall enter from outside by the porch of the gate and stand by the gate's doorpost. The priests shall offer his burnt offering and his peace offerings. He shall bow down at the gate's threshold and go out, but the gate shall not be shut until evening.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:2] The ruler shall enter by the porch of the outer gate and stand at the gate's vestibules. The priests shall offer his burnt offerings and his offerings for well-being. He shall bow down at the gate's vestibule and go out, and the gate shall certainly not be shut until evening.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Both keep the gate open until evening; the locations follow Hebrew doorpost/threshold and Greek vestibules/vestibule.
Verse 46:3 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:3] The people of the land shall bow down before YHWH at the entrance of that gate on Sabbaths and new moons.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:3] The people of the land shall bow down before the Lord at the vestibules of that gate on Sabbaths and new moons.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both place the people's worship at the gate on these days.
Verse 46:4 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:4] The burnt offering the prince presents to YHWH on the Sabbath day shall be six unblemished lambs and an unblemished ram.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:4] The ruler shall present burnt offerings to the Lord: on the Sabbath day, six unblemished lambs and an unblemished ram,
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The animal counts and condition agree; Greek continues the list in verse 5.
Verse 46:5 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:5] The grain offering shall be an ephah for the ram, and for the lambs a grain offering as his hand gives, with a hin of oil for each ephah.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:5] with a grain offering of a cake for the ram, and for the lambs an offering as the gift of his hand, with a hin of oil for each cake.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew measures an ephah; Greek has a cake, pemma. Both leave the lambs' accompanying offering to his hand's gift.
Verse 46:6 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:6] On the day of the new moon there shall be an unblemished young bull, six lambs, and a ram; they shall be unblemished.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:6] On the day of the new moon there shall be an unblemished calf and six lambs, and the ram shall be unblemished.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: The counts agree. Hebrew's final unblemished predicate is plural; Greek's explicitly singular with the ram.
Rabbinic: Menachot 45a.5–9 [R3] reconciles the smaller numbers with Torah's prescribed offerings by treating them as acceptable when the full number is unavailable, while requiring an effort to obtain more.
Verse 46:7 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:7] He shall provide an ephah for the bull and an ephah for the ram as a grain offering, and for the lambs as much as his hand can afford, with a hin of oil for each ephah.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:7] A cake for the ram and a cake for the calf shall be the grain offering, and for the lambs whatever his hand can produce, with a hin of oil for each cake.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: The ephah/cake distinction continues, and Greek lists ram before calf.
Verse 46:8 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:8] When the prince enters, he shall enter by the porch of the gate and go out by the same way.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:8] When the ruler enters, he shall enter by the porch of the gate and go out by the way of the gate.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both describe the ruler's entrance and exit through the gateway route.
Verse 46:9 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:9] When the people of the land come before YHWH at the appointed festivals, whoever enters by the north gate to bow down shall go out by the south gate, and whoever enters by the south gate shall go out by the north gate. He shall not return by the gate through which he entered; they shall go out straight opposite it.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:9] When the people of the land come before the Lord at the festivals, whoever enters by the north gate to bow down shall go out by the south gate, and whoever enters by the south gate shall go out by the north gate. He shall not return through the gate by which he entered, but shall go out straight opposite it.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both require crossing to the opposite gate. Hebrew shifts to plural at the final exit verb; Greek remains singular.
Verse 46:10 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:10] The prince shall be among them: when they enter, he shall enter, and when they go out, they shall go out.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:10] The ruler shall be among them: when they enter, he shall enter with them, and when they go out, he shall go out.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: The displayed Hebrew final exit verb is plural; Greek explicitly singular. The Hebrew wording is retained without silently substituting a different reading.
Verse 46:11 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:11] At the festivals and appointed gatherings the grain offering shall be an ephah for each bull, an ephah for each ram, and for the lambs as his hand gives, with a hin of oil for each ephah.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:11] At the festivals and public assemblies the grain offering shall be a cake for each calf, a cake for each ram, and for the lambs whatever his hand can produce, with a hin of oil for each cake.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: The Hebrew ephah and Greek cake remain distinct, including the stated oil ratio.
46:12–46:15 — Voluntary and daily offerings
Verse 46:12 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:12] When the prince makes a freewill offering, a burnt offering or peace offerings as a freewill offering to YHWH, the east-facing gate shall be opened for him. He shall offer his burnt offering and his peace offerings as he does on the Sabbath day. Then he shall go out, and the gate shall be shut after he goes out.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:12] If the ruler makes a pledged offering, a burnt offering for well-being to the Lord, he shall open for himself the gate facing east and offer his burnt offering and his offerings for well-being as he does on the Sabbath day. He shall go out and close the doors after he has gone out.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew explicitly distinguishes burnt or peace offerings as voluntary; Greek has a compressed pledged-offering phrase. Greek reflexively says he opens for himself and subsequently closes the doors; Hebrew leaves the opener and closer indefinite.
Verse 46:13 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:13] You shall prepare an unblemished year-old lamb as a daily burnt offering to YHWH; morning by morning you shall prepare it.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:13] He shall prepare an unblemished year-old lamb as a daily burnt offering to the Lord; in the morning he shall prepare it.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew addresses you and repeats morning; Greek has he.
Verse 46:14 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:14] Morning by morning you shall prepare with it a grain offering of a sixth of an ephah and a third of a hin of oil to moisten the fine flour: a grain offering to YHWH, perpetual statutes, continually.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:14] In the morning he shall prepare with it a grain offering of a sixth of the measure and a third of a hin of oil to mix the fine flour: a grain offering to the Lord, a command continually.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: The fractions agree; Hebrew ephah and Greek measure retain their source names. The addressee and concluding statute wording differ.
Verse 46:15 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:15] They shall prepare the lamb, the grain offering, and the oil morning by morning as a continual burnt offering.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:15] You all shall prepare the lamb, the grain offering, and the oil; you all shall prepare them in the morning as a continual burnt offering.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew they contrasts with Greek plural you, whose preparation verb is repeated.
46:16–46:18 — The ruler's gifts and the people's inheritance
Verse 46:16 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:16] Thus says Lord YHWH: If the prince gives a gift to one of his sons, it is his inheritance and shall belong to his sons; it is their inherited possession.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:16] Thus says the Lord God: If the ruler gives one of his sons a gift from his inheritance, this shall belong to his sons as an inherited possession.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both allow a gift from the ruler's inheritance to remain in the line of his sons.
Verse 46:17 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:17] If he gives a gift from his inheritance to one of his servants, it shall belong to him until the year of release, and then return to the prince. His inheritance shall belong only to his sons.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:17] If he gives a gift to one of his servants, it shall belong to him until the year of release, and he shall return it to the ruler. But the inheritance of his sons shall belong to them.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both distinguish the servant's temporary grant from the sons' inheritance. No unstated numbered interval is supplied for the year of release.
Verse 46:18 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:18] The prince shall not take from the people's inheritance, oppressing them out of their possession. He shall give his sons an inheritance from his own possession, so that none of My people is scattered from his possession.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:18] The ruler shall certainly not take from the people's inheritance to oppress them. He shall give his sons an inheritance from his own possession, so that none of My people is scattered from his possession.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both forbid appropriation of the people's inheritance to endow the ruler's sons.
46:19–46:24 — Holy food and the cooking courts
Verse 46:19 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:19] He brought me through the entrance beside the gate to the priests' holy chambers facing north. Look—there was a place at their far end toward the west.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:19] He brought me into the entrance behind the gate, into the north-facing recessed chamber of the priests' holy places. Look—there was a separated place there.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew has chambers plural and locates the place at the western far end; Greek singular recessed chamber and a separated place without a western direction.
Verse 46:20 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:20] He said to me, “This is the place where the priests shall boil the guilt offering and sin offering and bake the grain offering, so that they do not bring them into the outer courtyard and sanctify the people.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:20] He said to me, “This is the place where the priests shall boil the offerings for ignorance and for sin, and there bake the entire grain offering, so as not to carry it out into the outer court and sanctify the people.”
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both prescribe separate preparation to prevent sanctifying the people through the holy food; Greek explicitly says the entire grain offering.
Verse 46:21 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:21] He brought me out into the outer courtyard and led me past its four corners. Look—a courtyard in one corner of the courtyard, and a courtyard in another corner of the courtyard!
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:21] He brought me out into the outer court and led me around its four sides. Look—a court at one side of the court, and a court at another side of the court!
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew identifies corners; Greek sides. Both preserve the repeated observation of subsidiary courts.
Verse 46:22 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:22] In the four corners of the courtyard were enclosed courts, forty long and thirty wide; all four corner courts had one measure.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:22] At the four sides of the court was a small court, forty cubits long and thirty cubits broad; the four had one measure.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew qeturot is provisionally enclosed; Greek explicitly small and supplies cubits. Hebrew's final corner-related word is retained despite its unusual displayed marking; no apparatus claim is made.
Verse 46:23 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:23] There was a row all around them, around all four, with cooking places made underneath the rows all around.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:23] There were recessed chambers all around them, around the four, with kitchens made underneath the recessed chambers all around.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew rows and Greek recessed chambers are not turned into a single reconstructed feature.
Verse 46:24 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[46:24] He said to me, “These are the cooking houses, where the ministers of the house shall boil the people's sacrifices.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[46:24] He said to me, “These are the kitchen houses, where those ministering to the house shall boil the people's sacrificial animals.”
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both distinguish these kitchens for the people's sacrifices.