Haggai 1 — Hebrew and Greek compared
Disparate in this chapter: 1:11
Each card keeps the independently rendered source readings above their shared comparison and reception notes. The badge records the source’s governing classification; disparate readings are marked in red. Each reading retains its original reference.
Chapter 1
A call to rebuild the house of YHWH
Verse 1:1 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
1:1 In the second year of King Darius, in the sixth month, on the first day of the month, the word of YHWH came through Haggai the prophet to Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, and to Joshua son of Jehozadak, the high priest, saying:
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
1:1 In the second year under King Darius, in the sixth month, on the first day of the month, the word of the Lord came through Haggai the prophet, saying: “Speak now to Zerubbabel, the son of Shealtiel, from the tribe of Judah, and to Joshua, the son of Jehozadak, the high priest, saying:
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew calls Zerubbabel “governor of Judah”; Greek says “from the tribe of Judah” and explicitly commands Haggai to speak. The chronology and priestly recipient agree. Greek Iēsous here names the high priest Joshua, not Jesus of Nazareth.
Verse 1:2 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
1:2 “Thus says YHWH of hosts: This people says, ‘The time has not come, the time for the house of YHWH to be rebuilt.’”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
1:2 ‘Thus says the Lord Almighty: This people says, “The time has not arrived to rebuild the house of the Lord.”’”
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both report the people's claim that rebuilding time has not arrived. Hosts/Almighty is the established corresponding rendering of the divine title; it does not alone alter the classification.
Verse 1:3 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
1:3 The word of YHWH came through Haggai the prophet, saying:
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
1:3 The word of the Lord came through Haggai the prophet, saying:
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The prophetic introduction corresponds.
Verse 1:4 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
1:4 “Is it time for you yourselves to live in your paneled houses while this house lies in ruins?
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
1:4 “Is it time for you to live in your houses with recessed ceilings, while this house has been laid waste?
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew sefûnîm describes covered or paneled houses; Greek koilostathmois can describe coffered ceilings or paneling [LSJ-HAG1]. Recessed ceilings is retained as a supported architectural rendering, without claiming that wall paneling is excluded. Both contrast finished private houses with the desolate divine house.
Verse 1:5 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
1:5 And now, thus says YHWH of hosts: Set your hearts on your ways.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
1:5 And now, thus says the Lord Almighty: Set your hearts upon your ways.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both require deliberate attention to the people's conduct and experience.
Verse 1:6 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
1:6 You have sown much and brought in little. You eat, but not to satisfaction; drink, but not to intoxication; clothe yourselves, but no one is warm. The wage earner earns wages for a bag pierced with holes.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
1:6 You sowed much and brought in little; you ate, but not to satisfaction; drank, but not to intoxication; clothed yourselves, but were not warmed in them. The one gathering wages gathered them into a pierced bundle.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: The same failures of harvest, food, drink, clothing and wages appear. Hebrew lešāḵrâ and Greek methē both explicitly concern drinking to intoxication, retained in the two columns. Hebrew's mixed verbal forms are given an ongoing English force, while Greek uses past forms.
Verse 1:7 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
1:7 Thus says YHWH of hosts: Set your hearts on your ways.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
1:7 Thus says the Lord Almighty: Place your hearts upon your ways.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The repeated command is retained in both columns.
Verse 1:8 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
1:8 Go up into the hill country, bring wood and rebuild the house. I will take pleasure in it and be honored, says YHWH.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
1:8 Go up onto the mountain, cut wood and rebuild the house. I will take pleasure in it and be glorified, says the Lord.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew says bring wood; Greek says cut wood. The shared aim is rebuilding for divine pleasure and honor. The Hebrew mountain is construed collectively as hill country.
Verse 1:9 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
1:9 You looked for much, but look, it came to little. You brought it home, and I blew it away. Why? declares YHWH of hosts. Because My house lies in ruins, while each of you runs to his own house.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
1:9 You looked for much, and it came to little; it was brought into the house, and I blew it away. Therefore, thus says the Lord Almighty: Because My house is desolate, while each of you hurries to his own house,
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew asks “Why?” and answers; Greek uses a connected causal statement that continues into 1:10. Divine action against the gathered produce and the reason given agree.
Verse 1:10 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
1:10 Therefore, because of you, the heavens have withheld dew, and the earth has withheld its yield.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
1:10 therefore heaven will hold back dew, and the earth will withhold its produce.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew presents withheld dew and yield as an existing condition and adds “because of you”; Greek uses future withholding in the consequence of 1:9.
Verse 1:11 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
1:11 I called for a drought upon the land and the hills, upon the grain, new wine and fresh oil, upon what the ground produces, upon people and livestock, and upon every labor of the hands.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
1:11 I will bring a sword upon the land and the mountains, upon grain, wine and oil, and whatever the earth produces, upon people and livestock, and upon all the labors of their hands.”
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew ḥōreḇ is drought, called in the past; Greek rhomphaia is a sword to be brought. Agricultural deprivation becomes a sword judgment across the named recipients. Both specific images and temporal forms are retained.
Verse 1:12 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
1:12 Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, Joshua son of Jehozadak the high priest, and all the remnant of the people obeyed the voice of YHWH their God and the words of Haggai the prophet, as YHWH their God had sent him. The people feared before YHWH.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
1:12 Zerubbabel, the son of Shealtiel, from the tribe of Judah, Joshua, the son of Jehozadak, the high priest, and all the remnant of the people listened to the voice of the Lord their God and the words of Haggai the prophet, as the Lord their God had sent him to them. The people feared before the Lord.
Classification & Notes
Divergent. Text: Greek adds Zerubbabel's tribal identification here and “to them” after the sending. Both record the leaders' and remnant's positive response and fear.
Verse 1:13 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
1:13 Haggai, the messenger of YHWH, spoke the message of YHWH to the people, saying, “I am with you, declares YHWH.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
1:13 Haggai, the messenger of the Lord, said to the people, “I am with you, says the Lord.”
Classification & Notes
Divergent. Text: Greek lacks Hebrew's second messenger-related expression, “with the message/commission of YHWH.” The assurance and Haggai's messenger status correspond; angelos is a human messenger here.
Verse 1:14 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
1:14 YHWH stirred up the spirit of Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel, governor of Judah, the spirit of Joshua son of Jehozadak the high priest, and the spirit of all the remnant of the people. They came and carried out work on the house of YHWH of hosts, their God,
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
1:14 The Lord stirred up the spirit of Zerubbabel, the son of Shealtiel, from the tribe of Judah, the spirit of Joshua, the son of Jehozadak, the high priest, and the spirit of the remnant of all the people. They came in and were carrying out work on the house of the Lord Almighty, their God,
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: The stirring and work agree. Hebrew again calls Zerubbabel governor; Greek again identifies the tribe. The date completes the sentence in 1:15.
Verse 1:15 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
1:15 on the twenty-fourth day of the sixth month, in the second year of King Darius.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
1:15 on the twenty-fourth day of the sixth month, in the second year under King Darius.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The work's dating corresponds exactly.