Haggai — Hebrew and Greek compared
Choose a chapter to explore the source readings and their notes. Original references, source labels, and review records are retained.
Source guide and review record
SAINTS TRANSLATION
Haggai
V3 • Reviewed translation draft • Sep 13, 2026
Complete working translation draft, reviewed against the final reference. All thirty-eight Hebrew and thirty-eight Greek units and their comparison notes were rechecked in complete literary units; the existing reception citations and added lexical and Augustine references were verified. The remaining difficult constructions are identified below. No critical apparatus, manuscript collation, exhaustive reception survey or independent specialist approval is claimed.
2 chapters • 38 translation rows
Reader’s guide
Read across each row to compare independent literal-smooth English renderings of the declared Hebrew and Greek texts. Rabbinic Priority and Saints Priority identify interpretive traditions, not alternate sources of biblical wording. Actual source references remain visible.
Navigation follows the declared BHS and Rahlfs–Hanhart chapter and verse numbering. Each source verse appears once in its own numbered row.
Source basis and review scope
Hebrew: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, fifth corrected edition (1997). Greek: Rahlfs–Hanhart Septuaginta, second revised edition (2006). Complete running texts were directly checked; the registered reception passages were consulted selectively.
Same: corresponding meaning. Similar: modest expression or emphasis difference. Different: meaningful specific detail. Divergent: addition, omission, or rearrangement. Disparate: major difference in meaning or consequence. Each row uses one governing category under the updated project reference.
Sources, Method & Decisions
Source register
[BHS1] Karl Elliger and Wilhelm Rudolph, eds., Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia; fifth corrected edition prepared by Adrian Schenker (1997), German Bible Society official online main text. Scope: Haggai 1, complete chapter. Access: Direct Hebrew main text. Accessed Sep 11, 2026.
[BHS2] Karl Elliger and Wilhelm Rudolph, eds., Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia; fifth corrected edition prepared by Adrian Schenker (1997), German Bible Society official online main text. Scope: Haggai 2, complete chapter. Access: Direct Hebrew main text. Accessed Sep 11, 2026.
[LXX1] Alfred Rahlfs, Septuaginta; second revised edition prepared by Robert Hanhart (2006), German Bible Society official online main text. Scope: Haggai 1, complete chapter. Access: Direct Greek main text. Accessed Sep 11, 2026.
[LXX2] Alfred Rahlfs, Septuaginta; second revised edition prepared by Robert Hanhart (2006), German Bible Society official online main text. Scope: Haggai 2, complete chapter. Access: Direct Greek main text. Accessed Sep 11, 2026.
[RASHI-HAG2] Rashi, Commentary on Haggai 2:5–6 and 2:9; Chabad.org bilingual presentation. Scope: Commentary on covenant and Spirit (2:5), shaking (2:6), greater glory (2:9), and temporal context (2:15–18). Access: Direct English commentary and displayed Hebrew reading; modern biblical translation not used as a base. Accessed Sep 11, 2026.
[HEB12] Epistle to the Hebrews 12:26–28, Nestle–Aland Novum Testamentum Graece, 28th revised edition (2012), official German Bible Society online presentation. Scope: 12:26–28, explicit quotation and interpretation of Haggai. Access: Direct Greek main-text reading for apostolic reception; authorship is not assigned beyond the work title. Accessed Sep 11, 2026.
[LSJ-HAG1] Liddell–Scott–Jones, Greek–English Lexicon, κοιλόσταθμος; Scaife ATLAS transcription. Scope: Haggai 1:4 architectural term. Access: Lexicon entry. Consulted for this V2 review.
[BDB-PURAH] Brown–Driver–Briggs, Hebrew and English Lexicon, פּוּרָה; BibleHub transcription under 6333. Scope: Haggai 2:16 press and contextual quantity; no emendation adopted. Access: BDB entry only; surrounding topical commentary excluded. Consulted for this V2 review.
[AUG18] Augustine, City of God XVIII.35 and XVIII.45; Marcus Dods English translation, New Advent presentation. Scope: Haggai 2:6–7 and 2:9 reception; chapter 35 and the opening paragraph of chapter 45. Access: English reception text; not original Greek or Latin collation. Consulted for this V2 review.
Contextual term record
יהוה צבאות / κύριος παντοκράτωρ → YHWH of hosts / Lord Almighty. Source-specific divine titles throughout, classified contextually rather than as an automatic disagreement.
פחת יהודה / ἐκ φυλῆς Ιουδα → governor of Judah / from the tribe of Judah. 1:1,14; 2:2,21. Political office and tribal descent are not harmonized.
יהושע / Ἰησοῦς → Joshua. The high priest son of Jehozadak, throughout; do not identify the narrative person as Jesus of Nazareth.
חרב / ῥομφαία → drought / sword. 1:11 uses Hebrew ḥōreḇ and Greek rhomphaia; preserve the major change in affliction.
חמדת / τὰ ἐκλεκτά → precious things / choice things. 2:7, collective/plural valued things in context of silver and gold; no personal messianic name supplied.
σάτα / μετρηταί → sata / metretai. 2:16; retain these named Greek capacities without imposing their identity or conversion on the Hebrew ellipses.
חותם / σφραγίς → signet. 2:23; preserve the simile, without making “ring” or an unexpressed office obligatory.
τὰ λήμματα τὰ ὀρθρινά → morning gains. 2:14; difficult Greek addition, rendered provisionally and retained for specialist review.
Material decisions
Created complete paired English translations from directly read BHS and Rahlfs–Hanhart main texts on Sep 8, 2026. No textual departures adopted.
V2 review: closed the speech at 2:9 in both columns; changed Hebrew 2:16 from What were things like then? to the provisional temporal When things were so; retained fifty measures while explaining pûrāh through BDB; changed Hebrew 2:17 from were not turned to did not turn to avoid implied passive agency. Rechecked all comparison rows and existing reception, added precise Augustine references, and clarified the architectural and temporal uncertainties. No departure from either selected main text was adopted.
Retained all Greek additions, including 2:9,14,21, and explicitly recorded the absent Hebrew covenant/exodus clause at Greek 2:5.
Kept Hebrew drought and Greek sword separate in 1:11.
Preserved named Greek capacities in 2:16 and left the Hebrew quantities unconverted.
Rendered 2:7 as valued things in light of the Hebrew collective/plural construction and Greek plural; later doctrinal identifications belong in reception.
Preserved uncertainty in the elliptical Hebrew and Greek of 2:14–19 rather than constructing a harmonized text.
Production note: Source chapter and verse references remain visible throughout.
Open questions
Haggai 1:4: LSJ supports coffered ceilings or paneling. Recessed ceilings remains a supported rendering, but the precise architectural realization is not certain [LSJ-HAG1].
Haggai 2:5: assess the relation of the covenant-word fragment to the command at 2:4 without supplying an unexpressed main verb.
Haggai 2:14: specialist review of lēmmata orthrena and the syntax of the added suffering/gate clauses is needed.
Haggai 2:15,18: whole-unit review retains backward at 2:15 and onward at 2:18. The repeated Hebrew expression also permits retrospective interpretation, so the second direction remains provisional.
Haggai 2:16: the antecedent and attachment of Hebrew mihyôtām remain uncertain. When things were so is a provisional temporal construction. Pûrāh is a press-associated quantity here; no standard capacity or modern equivalent is assigned [BDB-PURAH].
Haggai 2:19: the unnamed Greek subject, threshing-floor clause and elliptical fruit-tree phrase require specialist review.
Classification totals
Different: 9 • Same: 15 • Similar: 6 • Disparate: 3 • Divergent: 5. Counting unit: one aligned verse row. These are affected rows, not unique textual variants.
Disparate index
1:11, 2:9, 2:14