ClericCompleted devotion

John 19 — Greek text and reception

Saints Translation: John 1–21 [V2]

Each card preserves the Greek reading and its textual and reception notes. This source provides a Greek study edition; Hebrew counterparts and Hebrew–Greek classifications are not supplied.

Chapter 19

The crucifixion, death, and burial of Jesus

Verse 19:1

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then Pilate took Jesus and had Him scourged.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The Greek active ‘scourged’ is rendered causatively for Pilate’s ordering or causing the punishment; it does not require that he personally wielded the scourge. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:2

Greek–English Saints Priority

And the soldiers, weaving a crown from thorns, put it on His head and clothed Him in a purple garment;

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The crown is made from thorns and the garment is purple, both elements of the mock coronation. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:3

Greek–English Saints Priority

and they kept coming to Him and saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” And they gave Him slaps.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The imperfect verbs describe repeated approaches, speech, and blows. The greeting is mock royal acclamation. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:4

Greek–English Saints Priority

And Pilate went outside again and says to them, “See, I am bringing Him outside to you so that you may know that I find no charge against Him.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Pilate’s presentation again includes his declaration that he finds no charge. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:5

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then Jesus came outside, wearing the thorny crown and the purple garment. And he says to them, “Behold the Man!”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The speaker of ‘Behold the Man’ is understood as Pilate from the scene, though the Greek does not repeat his name here. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:6

Greek–English Saints Priority

So when the chief priests and the officers saw Him, they cried out, saying, “Crucify! Crucify!” Pilate says to them, “Take Him yourselves and crucify Him, for I find no charge against Him.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The demand to crucify comes from chief priests and officers; Pilate repeats his negative finding. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:7

Greek–English Saints Priority

The Jews answered him, “We have a law, and according to the law He ought to die, because He made Himself Son of God.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The alleged lawbreaking concerns making Himself Son of God, as the accusers formulate it. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:8

Greek–English Saints Priority

So when Pilate heard this word, he was more afraid,

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Pilate’s increased fear follows hearing the Son-of-God accusation. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:9

Greek–English Saints Priority

and entered the praetorium again and says to Jesus, “Where are You from?” But Jesus gave him no answer.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The question now concerns Jesus’ origin; His silence is explicitly narrated. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:10

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then Pilate says to Him, “Do You not speak to me? Do You not know that I have authority to release You, and I have authority to crucify You?”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Pilate claims both authority to release and authority to crucify. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:11

Greek–English Saints Priority

Jesus answered him, “You would have no authority against Me unless it had been given you from above. For this reason the one who handed Me over to you has greater sin.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: ‘From above’ leaves the giving implicit rather than inserting a divine name. ‘Greater sin’ preserves comparative responsibility and does not declare Pilate sinless. The person who handed Jesus over is not named in this sentence. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:12

Greek–English Saints Priority

From this Pilate sought to release Him; but the Jews cried out, saying, “If you release this Man, you are not Caesar’s friend. Everyone who makes himself a king speaks against Caesar.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Ἐκ τούτου may express consequence, ‘as a result of this,’ or temporal continuation, ‘from then on.’ ‘From this’ keeps the connection open. ‘Caesar’s friend’ is not expanded into an asserted formal court title. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:13

Greek–English Saints Priority

So Pilate, hearing these words, brought Jesus outside and sat on the judgment seat at a place called Stone Pavement, and in Hebrew, Gabbatha.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Ἐκάθισεν is taken intransitively, ‘sat,’ with Pilate as subject. A transitive construal, ‘seated Him,’ is possible and requires review. ‘Stone Pavement’ translates Λιθόστρωτον; the source’s ‘in Hebrew’ designation is retained. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:14

Greek–English Saints Priority

Now it was the Preparation of the Passover; it was about the sixth hour. And he says to the Jews, “Behold your King!”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: ‘Preparation of the Passover’ and ‘about the sixth hour’ are kept without inserting a calendar reconciliation or a modern clock conversion. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:15

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then they cried out, “Take Him away! Take Him away! Crucify Him!” Pilate says to them, “Shall I crucify your King?” The chief priests answered, “We have no king except Caesar.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The repeated removal cry is followed by the chief priests’ exclusive allegiance to Caesar. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:16

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then he handed Him over to them to be crucified. So they took Jesus;

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The handing over ‘to them’ remains the source’s wording. The soldiers’ crucifying action is explicitly narrated in 19:23; English does not replace this pronoun with an inferred group name. Reception: A116 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:17

Greek–English Saints Priority

and, bearing the cross for Himself, He went out to what is called the Place of a Skull, which in Hebrew is called Golgotha,

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The reflexive αὑτῷ is expressed as ‘for Himself.’ No Simon-of-Cyrene clause is supplied from another Gospel. Reception: A117 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:18

Greek–English Saints Priority

where they crucified Him, and with Him two others, one on either side, and Jesus in the middle.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Jesus is crucified between two others, whose names and crimes are not supplied here. Reception: A117 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:19

Greek–English Saints Priority

And Pilate also wrote an inscription and put it on the cross. It was written: “Jesus the Nazarene, the King of the Jews.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The written charge combines Jesus’ geographical designation and the royal title. Reception: A117 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:20

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then many of the Jews read this inscription, because the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and it was written in Hebrew, in Latin, in Greek.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The order is Hebrew, Latin, Greek in this source. Its language labels are preserved without replacing ‘Hebrew’ with a reconstructed spoken-language designation. Reception: A117 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:21

Greek–English Saints Priority

So the chief priests of the Jews were saying to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but that He said, ‘I am King of the Jews.’”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The chief priests ask to replace the title with a report of Jesus’ claimed kingship. Reception: A117 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:22

Greek–English Saints Priority

Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Pilate’s repeated perfect “have written” expresses his refusal to alter the inscription. Reception: A117 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:23

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then the soldiers, when they crucified Jesus, took His garments and made four parts, a part for each soldier, and also took the tunic. Now the tunic was seamless, woven from the top throughout.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The outer garments and the separate seamless tunic are distinguished; four shares are explicit. Reception: A118 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:24

Greek–English Saints Priority

So they said to one another, “Let us not tear it, but cast lots for it, to decide whose it will be,” so that the Scripture might be fulfilled which says, “They divided My garments among themselves, and for My clothing they cast a lot.” So the soldiers did these things.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The soldiers preserve the tunic by lot-casting; the narrator identifies fulfillment of Scripture. Reception: A118 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:25

Greek–English Saints Priority

But standing beside Jesus’ cross were His mother and His mother’s sister, Mary of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: ‘Mary of Clopas’ preserves the genitive relationship without supplying ‘wife.’ The punctuation does not settle whether His mother’s sister and Mary of Clopas are one woman or two; the list can be construed as three or four women. Reception: A119 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:26

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then Jesus, seeing His mother and the disciple whom He loved standing nearby, says to His mother, “Woman, behold your son.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Jesus addresses His mother and points her toward the beloved disciple as her son. Reception: A119 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:27

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then He says to the disciple, “Behold your mother.” And from that hour the disciple took her into his own home.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Εἰς τὰ ἴδια is literally ‘into his own’; ‘home’ supplies the likely domestic sense without identifying the unnamed disciple. Reception: A119 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:28

Greek–English Saints Priority

After this, Jesus, knowing that all things had already been completed, says, so that the Scripture might be brought to completion, “I thirst.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The related verbs τελέω and τελειόω frame completion here and in 19:30. This draft attaches the Scripture purpose clause to the utterance ‘I thirst.’ Reception: A119 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:29

Greek–English Saints Priority

A vessel full of sour wine was standing there. So, putting a sponge full of the sour wine on hyssop, they brought it to His mouth.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Ὄξος is sour wine. The source says hyssop; no conjectural replacement such as a javelin is introduced. Reception: A119 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:30

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then, when Jesus received the sour wine, He said, “It is completed.” And, bowing His head, He handed over His spirit.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Τετέλεσται is perfect, ‘It is completed.’ ‘Handed over His spirit’ closely renders παρέδωκεν τὸ πνεῦμα; ‘His’ makes the immediate personal referent explicit without silently identifying this phrase with the giving of the Holy Spirit. Reception: A119 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:31

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then the Jews, because it was Preparation, so that the bodies might not remain on the cross on the Sabbath—for the day of that Sabbath was great—asked Pilate that their legs might be broken and they might be taken away.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The stated reason combines Preparation, removal before the Sabbath, and the greatness of that Sabbath day. No legs are said to have been broken on Jesus in the subsequent narration. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:32

Greek–English Saints Priority

So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first man and of the other who was crucified with Him;

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The broken legs belong to the two men crucified with Jesus, setting up the explicit exception. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:33

Greek–English Saints Priority

but when they came to Jesus, as they saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The soldiers refrain from breaking Jesus’ legs because they observe that He is already dead. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:34

Greek–English Saints Priority

But one of the soldiers pierced His side with a spear, and immediately blood and water came out.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Blood and water are both explicit and are translated in their source order. No medical reconstruction is inserted. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:35

Greek–English Saints Priority

And the one who has seen has borne witness, and his testimony is true; and he knows that he speaks true things, so that you also may believe.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The demonstrative ‘he’ is provisionally referred to the eyewitness; an alternative identification of ‘that one’ is an interpretive question. The verse keeps seeing, testimony, truth, and the readers’ believing distinct. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:36

Greek–English Saints Priority

For these things happened so that the Scripture might be fulfilled: “A bone of His will not be broken.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The unbroken bone is related to Scripture’s fulfillment without naming a single source passage here. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:37

Greek–English Saints Priority

And again another Scripture says, “They will look on the One whom they pierced.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: A second Scripture concerns looking toward the pierced One; the two citations remain separate. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:38

Greek–English Saints Priority

And after these things Joseph from Arimathea, being a disciple of Jesus but secretly because of fear of the Jews, asked Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus; and Pilate permitted it. So he came and took away His body.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Joseph’s hidden discipleship and fear are acknowledged alongside his request and Pilate’s permission. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:39

Greek–English Saints Priority

And Nicodemus also came, the one who had first come to Him by night, bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about a hundred litrai.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Λίτραι are ancient weight units, the plural of litra. ‘About a hundred’ is retained without conversion into a modern pound value. Myrrh and aloes are the two named substances. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:40

Greek–English Saints Priority

So they took the body of Jesus and bound it in linen cloths with the spices, as is the Jews’ custom for burial.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Linen cloths and spices accompany the narrated burial practice; the cloths remain plural. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:41

Greek–English Saints Priority

Now in the place where He was crucified there was a garden, and in the garden a new tomb, in which no one had yet been laid.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The garden tomb is both new and unused, with no earlier occupant. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 19:42

Greek–English Saints Priority

So there, because of the Jews’ Preparation, since the tomb was nearby, they laid Jesus.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Both reasons for placing Him there are retained: Preparation and the tomb’s proximity. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).