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John 20 — Greek text and reception

Saints Translation: John 1–21 [V2]

Each card preserves the Greek reading and its textual and reception notes. This source provides a Greek study edition; Hebrew counterparts and Hebrew–Greek classifications are not supplied.

Chapter 20

The empty tomb and the risen Lord

Verse 20:1

Greek–English Saints Priority

Now on the first day of the week Mary Magdalene comes early to the tomb, while it is still dark, and sees the stone taken away from the tomb.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The Greek idiom ‘one of the Sabbaths’ designates the first day of the week. The continuing darkness is explicit; no harmonized arrival time is supplied. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:2

Greek–English Saints Priority

So she runs and comes to Simon Peter and to the other disciple whom Jesus loved, and says to them, “They took the Lord out of the tomb, and we do not know where they laid Him.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Mary says ‘we do not know’ here, whereas she says ‘I do not know’ in 20:13. The plural is preserved without adding unnamed companions to the narrative. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:3

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then Peter and the other disciple went out, and they were coming to the tomb.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Peter and the other disciple travel together in response to Mary’s report. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:4

Greek–English Saints Priority

The two were running together, and the other disciple ran ahead faster than Peter and came to the tomb first;

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The other disciple arrives first, while Peter’s later entrance is separately narrated. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:5

Greek–English Saints Priority

and, stooping to look in, he sees the linen cloths lying there; yet he did not enter.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The first arrival sees the cloths from outside and does not yet enter. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:6

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then Simon Peter also comes, following him, and entered the tomb; and he beholds the linen cloths lying there,

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Peter enters the tomb and observes the cloths before the other disciple follows. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:7

Greek–English Saints Priority

and the face cloth that had been on His head, not lying with the linen cloths, but wrapped up separately in one place.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The face cloth is distinguished from the other linen cloths and lies wrapped separately. The passage supplies no custom about a folded napkin signaling a future return. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:8

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then the other disciple who had come to the tomb first also entered, and he saw and believed;

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The object of ‘believed’ is not explicitly stated in this sentence. The following explanation about their not yet knowing the Scripture is retained rather than removed to settle the interpretation. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:9

Greek–English Saints Priority

for they did not yet know the Scripture, that He must rise from the dead.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The narrator qualifies the preceding belief report by their not yet understanding the resurrection Scripture. Reception: A120 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:10

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then the disciples went back to their own place.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Πρὸς αὑτούς is literally ‘to themselves/their own’; ‘their own place’ expresses the return without asserting a specific house. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:11

Greek–English Saints Priority

But Mary was standing outside beside the tomb, weeping. So, as she wept, she stooped to look into the tomb,

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Mary remains weeping outside after the disciples’ departure and then looks inside. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:12

Greek–English Saints Priority

and beholds two angels in white, sitting one at the head and one at the feet, where the body of Jesus had lain.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The two angels occupy distinct positions corresponding to the body’s head and feet. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:13

Greek–English Saints Priority

And they say to her, “Woman, why do you weep?” She says to them, “They took my Lord, and I do not know where they laid Him.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Mary now uses singular “I do not know,” in contrast to her plural report at 20:2. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:14

Greek–English Saints Priority

Having said these things, she turned backward and beholds Jesus standing there, and did not know that it was Jesus.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Seeing Jesus precedes recognizing His identity in this encounter. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:15

Greek–English Saints Priority

Jesus says to her, “Woman, why do you weep? Whom do you seek?” She, supposing that He is the gardener, says to Him, “Sir, if You carried Him away, tell me where You laid Him, and I will take Him away.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Κύριε is ‘Sir’ in Mary’s mistaken address to a supposed gardener. The capital pronouns follow the project’s narrator-aware convention, not a claim that she already recognized Jesus. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:16

Greek–English Saints Priority

Jesus says to her, “Mary.” Turning, she says to Him in Hebrew, “Rabbouni!”—which means Teacher.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The source’s Μαριάμ is a form of the same name elsewhere printed Μαρία; both are rendered Mary under the reference’s familiar-name convention. The narrator explicitly labels Rabbouni as Hebrew and interprets it as Teacher. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:17

Greek–English Saints Priority

Jesus says to her, “Do not cling to Me, for I have not yet ascended to the Father. But go to My brothers and tell them, ‘I am ascending to My Father and your Father, and My God and your God.’”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Μή μου ἅπτου may be rendered ‘do not touch Me’ or ‘do not cling to Me.’ This draft adopts continued holding as the likely force, while not treating that interpretation as grammatically certain. The distinct ‘My Father and your Father’ and ‘My God and your God’ are preserved. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:18

Greek–English Saints Priority

Mary Magdalene comes, announcing to the disciples, “I have seen the Lord,” and that He said these things to her.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Mary announces both her sight of the Lord and His communicated words. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:19

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then, when it was evening on that day, the first day of the week, and the doors where the disciples were were shut because of fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood in the midst, and says to them, “Peace to you.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The doors are described as shut; the verse does not narrate the physical mechanism by which Jesus entered. No additional reference to all the apostles being present is supplied. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:20

Greek–English Saints Priority

And having said this, He showed them His hands and His side. Then the disciples rejoiced when they saw the Lord.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: Jesus shows hands and side, and the disciples’ response is joy on seeing Him. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:21

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then Jesus said to them again, “Peace to you. Just as the Father has sent Me, I also send you.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The Father ‘has sent’ Jesus, while Jesus says ‘I send’ the disciples. The two tenses and the repeated greeting are retained. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:22

Greek–English Saints Priority

And having said this, He breathed and says to them, “Receive the Holy Spirit.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The Greek says ‘He breathed,’ without an expressed object ‘on them’ in this source. The action is followed immediately by the command to receive the Holy Spirit; the draft does not replace it with a promise of a later action. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:23

Greek–English Saints Priority

If you forgive the sins of any, they have been forgiven them; if you retain those of any, they have been retained.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The results use perfect passive forms, ‘have been forgiven’ and ‘have been retained.’ Both forgiving and retaining are retained without an added explanation of the means, timing, or ministerial procedure. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:24

Greek–English Saints Priority

But Thomas, one of the Twelve, who was called Didymus, was not with them when Jesus came.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: ‘The Twelve’ is the established group designation; this phrase is not altered because Judas is absent. Didymus means Twin. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:25

Greek–English Saints Priority

So the other disciples were saying to him, “We have seen the Lord.” But he said to them, “Unless I see in His hands the mark of the nails and put my finger into the mark of the nails and put my hand into His side, I certainly will not believe.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The nail marks and the side are separately named, and the strong negative ‘certainly will not believe’ is retained. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:26

Greek–English Saints Priority

And after eight days His disciples were inside again, and Thomas with them. Jesus comes, the doors being shut, and stood in the midst and said, “Peace to you.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: ‘After eight days’ preserves the source’s counting expression without replacing it in the text with a modern weekday calculation. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:27

Greek–English Saints Priority

Then He says to Thomas, “Bring your finger here and see My hands, and bring your hand and put it into My side; and do not become unbelieving, but believing.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The text commands Thomas to bring and put his hand; it does not subsequently state that he actually touched the wounds. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:28

Greek–English Saints Priority

Thomas answered and said to Him, “My Lord and my God!”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The narrator explicitly says Thomas spoke ‘to Him.’ The confession therefore remains addressed to Jesus rather than punctuated as an unrelated exclamation. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:29

Greek–English Saints Priority

Jesus says to him, “Because you have seen Me, have you believed? Blessed are those who have not seen and have believed.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The first clause follows the source’s interrogative punctuation. The beatitude speaks of those who have not seen and have believed, not those who refuse all testimony. Reception: A121 (see the passage reception register).

Verse 20:30

Greek–English Saints Priority

Now Jesus also did many other signs before the disciples, which are not written in this book;

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The narrator acknowledges unrecorded signs before explaining why the selected signs were written. Reception: A122 (see the passage reception register).

Textual: NA28 reads ἐνώπιον τῶν μαθητῶν [αὐτοῦ] (SBLGNT ἐνώπιον τῶν μαθητῶν); the rendering above follows SBLGNT and would read “before His disciples” under NA28 (collated against TAGNT edition marks, not a printed NA28 apparatus).

Verse 20:31

Greek–English Saints Priority

but these have been written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and so that, believing, you may have life in His name.

Textual & Reception Notes

Textual: The source reads present-subjunctive πιστεύητε. ‘May believe’ preserves its scope without making a settled claim that the intended readers were either entirely new believers or exclusively existing Christians. Reception: A122 (see the passage reception register).