ReverendWatchful participation

1 Corinthians 10 — Israel's warnings and participation in the Lord's table — Greek text and reception

Saints Translation: 1 Corinthians 1–16 [V2]

Each card preserves the Greek reading and its textual and reception notes. This source provides a Greek study edition; Hebrew counterparts and Hebrew–Greek classifications are not supplied.

1 Corinthians 10 — Israel's warnings and participation in the Lord's table

The wilderness generation as a warning

Verse 10:1

Greek–English Translation

For I do not want you to be ignorant, brothers, that our fathers were all under the cloud and all passed through the sea,

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:2

Greek–English Translation

and all underwent baptism into Moses in the cloud and in the sea,

Textual and Reception Notes

Text: The selected verb is middle, ebaptisanto; underwent baptism gives its participatory force without inventing a separate baptizing agent. Into Moses remains the explicit relationship.

Variant [SBL-1COR-APP 10:2]: The apparatus assigns the middle form to WH, Treg and RP, against a passive in NA28.

NA28: passive ἐβαπτίσθησαν, "were baptized" (SBLGNT middle ἐβαπτίσαντο); the rendering above follows SBLGNT's middle; NA28 would read "were all baptized into Moses".

Verse 10:3

Greek–English Translation

and all ate the same spiritual food,

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:4

Greek–English Translation

and all drank the same spiritual drink, for they drank from a spiritual rock that followed them, and the rock was Christ.

Textual and Reception Notes

Text: Followed and was Christ are Paul's explicit statements; neither is introduced as an editor's later typology or replaced with a different geological explanation.

Verse 10:5

Greek–English Translation

But God was not pleased with most of them, for they were strewn over the wilderness.

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:6

Greek–English Translation

Now these things became examples for us, so that we might not desire evil things as they also desired.

Textual and Reception Notes

Text: Examples renders typoi; Paul's own application is distinguished from any additional reception note.

Verse 10:7

Greek–English Translation

Do not become idolaters, as some of them did, just as it is written: “The people sat down to eat and drink, and rose to play.”

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:8

Greek–English Translation

Nor let us commit sexual immorality, as some of them did, and twenty-three thousand fell in one day.

Textual and Reception Notes

Text: Twenty-three thousand and in one day are retained as the selected source states them; no harmonizing replacement count is inserted.

Verse 10:9

Greek–English Translation

Nor let us put Christ to the test, as some of them tested Him and were being destroyed by the serpents.

Textual and Reception Notes

Text: Christ is the selected object, not an editorial substitution for Lord. Were being destroyed retains the imperfect's presentation.

Variant [SBL-1COR-APP 10:9]: The apparatus gives Christ in RP and NA28, and Lord in WH, Treg and NIV.

Verse 10:10

Greek–English Translation

Nor grumble, just as some of them grumbled and were destroyed by the destroyer.

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:11

Greek–English Translation

These things happened to them as examples, and were written for our admonition, upon whom the ends of the ages have arrived.

Textual and Reception Notes

Text: Ends of the ages is plural and remains the apostle's own description, not a supplied modern chronological scheme.

Verse 10:12

Greek–English Translation

So let the one who thinks he stands watch lest he fall.

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:13

Greek–English Translation

No temptation has seized you except what is human. But God is faithful: He will not allow you to be tempted beyond what you can bear, but with the temptation will also provide the way out, so that you may be able to endure it.

Textual and Reception Notes

Text: Peirasmos can be temptation or testing. What is human and the capacity to endure are retained; the way out is not recast as a promise that all suffering will immediately cease.

The Lord's table and the table of demons

Verse 10:14

Greek–English Translation

Therefore, my beloved, flee from idolatry.

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:15

Greek–English Translation

I speak as to prudent people; judge for yourselves what I say.

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:16

Greek–English Translation

The cup of blessing that we bless—is it not participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break—is it not participation in the body of Christ?

Textual and Reception Notes

Text: Koinōnia is participation or communion; blood and body retain their different objects. Later doctrinal formulations are not substituted for the questions.

Saints [IREN-5.2 2]: Irenaeus appeals to participation in Christ’s blood and body when defending the redemption and future incorruption of human flesh.

Verse 10:17

Greek–English Translation

Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread.

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:18

Greek–English Translation

Consider Israel according to the flesh: are not those who eat the sacrifices participants in the altar?

Textual and Reception Notes

Text: According to the flesh retains the named perspective; no replacement people or contrastive new title is inserted.

Verse 10:19

Greek–English Translation

What, then, am I saying? That food offered to an idol is anything, or that an idol is anything?

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:20

Greek–English Translation

Rather, that what they sacrifice, they sacrifice to demons and not to God. And I do not want you to become participants with demons.

Textual and Reception Notes

Text: They is the selected subject; the noun Gentiles is not explicitly repeated here.

Variant [SBL-1COR-APP 10:20]: The selected wording without the explicit Gentiles is assigned to NA28; WH, Treg and RP name Gentiles.

Verse 10:21

Greek–English Translation

You cannot drink the Lord's cup and the cup of demons. You cannot partake of the Lord's table and the table of demons.

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:22

Greek–English Translation

Or are we provoking the Lord to jealousy? Are we stronger than He?

Textual and Reception Notes

Freedom governed by another's good

Verse 10:23

Greek–English Translation

All things are permitted, but not all things are beneficial. All things are permitted, but not all things build up.

Textual and Reception Notes

Text: The selected repeated claim has no to me phrase, unlike 6:12. Build up continues the concern of chapter 8.

Variant [SBL-1COR-APP 10:23]: The two additions to me are recorded under RP in the apparatus.

Verse 10:24

Greek–English Translation

Let no one seek his own good, but the other's.

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:25

Greek–English Translation

Eat everything sold in the meat market without examining it for conscience's sake,

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:26

Greek–English Translation

for “The earth is the Lord's, and all that fills it.”

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:27

Greek–English Translation

If any of the unbelievers invites you and you wish to go, eat everything set before you without examining it for conscience's sake.

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:28

Greek–English Translation

But if someone says to you, “This has been offered in sacrifice,” do not eat it, for the sake of the one who informed you and for conscience's sake.

Textual and Reception Notes

Text: Hierothyton is offered in sacrifice, distinct from eidōlothyton, offered to an idol, earlier in the chapter. The selected verse does not repeat the earth-is-the-Lord's quotation here.

Variant [SBL-1COR-APP 10:28]: The apparatus gives hierothyton in WH, Treg and NA28, and eidolothyton in RP. RP also adds the earth-and-fullness quotation.

Verse 10:29

Greek–English Translation

I mean not your own conscience, but the other's. For why is my freedom judged by another conscience?

Textual and Reception Notes

Text: The explicit distinction between consciences and the first-person question are retained; no unmarked new speaker is introduced.

Verse 10:30

Greek–English Translation

If I partake with thanksgiving, why am I defamed for what I give thanks for?

Textual and Reception Notes

Text: Chariti is rendered with thanksgiving in light of the following explicit giving thanks; by grace is another lexical possibility.

Verse 10:31

Greek–English Translation

Therefore, whether you eat or drink or do anything, do everything for God's glory.

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:32

Greek–English Translation

Give no cause for stumbling to Jews or Greeks or the Church of God,

Textual and Reception Notes

Verse 10:33

Greek–English Translation

just as I too please everyone in everything, seeking not my own benefit but that of the many, so that they may be saved.

Textual and Reception Notes

Text: The stated aim is others' salvation. The appeal to imitate Paul continues in the next source chapter at 11:1.