Exodus 29 — Hebrew and Greek compared
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Same 10 Similar 16 Different 11 Divergent 8 Disparate 1
Disparate in this chapter: 29:13
Each verse is rendered independently from the Hebrew (Rabbinic reading tradition) and from the Greek (Saints reading tradition). The badge classifies the relationship between the two readings; the note beneath records the source document’s comparison and attributed interpretation. Each column retains its own verse references where numbering differs.
Purification Preparation
29:1 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:1 This is what you shall do to consecrate them to serve Me as priests: take one young bull and two rams without blemish,
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:1 This is what you shall do for them: consecrate them to serve Me as priests. Take one calf from the herd and two rams without blemish,
The animal designations differ in specificity.
29:2 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:2 unleavened bread, unleavened cakes mixed with oil, and unleavened wafers spread with oil. Make them from fine wheat flour.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:2 unleavened loaves mixed with oil and unleavened wafers spread with oil. Make them from fine wheat flour.
Hebrew lists three bread preparations; the consulted Greek lists two. [G29]
29:3 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:3 Put them in one basket and present them in the basket, together with the bull and the two rams.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:3 Put them on one basket and present them on the basket, together with the calf and the two rams.
The basket prepositions differ.
29:4 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:4 Bring Aaron and his sons to the entrance of the Tent of Meeting and wash them with water.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:4 Bring Aaron and his sons to the doors of the Tent of Testimony and wash them with water.
The sanctuary designation differs.
29:5 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:5 Take the garments and clothe Aaron with the tunic, the robe of the ephod, the ephod, and the breastpiece. Gird him with the ephod’s woven band.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:5 Take the robes and clothe Aaron your brother with the full-length tunic, the shoulder-piece, and the oracle-piece. Fasten the oracle-piece to the shoulder-piece for him.
RH includes a separate instruction fastening the oracle-piece to the shoulder-piece. Hebrew specifies the ephod’s woven band; the garment terms remain distinct.
29:6 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:6 Put the turban on his head and the holy crown on the turban.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:6 Put the headband on his head and the holy plate on the headband.
The headwear and sacred ornament are named differently.
29:7 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:7 Take the anointing oil, pour it on his head, and anoint him.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:7 Take the anointing oil, pour it on his head, and anoint him.
29:8 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:8 Bring his sons and clothe them with tunics.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:8 Bring his sons and clothe them with tunics.
29:9 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:9 Gird Aaron and his sons with sashes and bind caps on them. The priesthood shall be theirs by a perpetual statute. You shall fill the hands of Aaron and his sons.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:9 Gird them with sashes and put turbans on them. The priesthood shall be theirs for Me forever. You shall consecrate Aaron’s hands and the hands of his sons.
Greek lacks the repeated “Aaron and his sons” in the clothing clause and uses “consecrate” for the hand-filling idiom. [G29]
Atoning Sacrifice
29:10 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:10 Bring the bull before the Tent of Meeting. Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands on the bull’s head.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:10 Bring the calf to the doors of the Tent of Testimony. Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands on the calf’s head before the Lord, at the doors of the Tent of Testimony.
Greek explicitly adds the divine presence and repeats the location.
29:11 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:11 Slaughter the bull before YHWH at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:11 Slaughter the calf before the Lord at the doors of the Tent of Testimony.
29:12 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:12 Take some of the bull’s blood and put it on the altar’s horns with your finger. Pour all the blood at the altar’s base.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:12 Take some of the calf’s blood and put it on the altar’s horns with your finger. Pour all the remaining blood at the altar’s base.
Greek explicitly says “remaining.”
29:13 Disparate
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:13 Take all the fat covering the entrails, the appendage on the liver, the two kidneys, and the fat on them, and burn them on the altar.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:13 Take all the fat on the belly, the liver’s lobe, the two kidneys, and the fat on them, and place them on the altar.
Hebrew commands burning the specified fat on the altar; Greek commands placing it there. The express ritual action in this instruction differs, even though the surrounding rite also contains burning commands.
29:14 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:14 Burn the bull’s flesh, skin, and dung with fire outside the camp. It is a sin offering.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:14 Burn the calf’s flesh, skin, and dung with fire outside the camp, for it is a sin offering.
29:15 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:15 Take one ram, and Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands on its head.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:15 Take one ram, and Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands on its head.
29:16 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:16 Slaughter the ram, take its blood, and dash it against the altar on every side.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:16 Slaughter it, take the blood, and pour it against the altar on every side.
The application verb differs.
29:17 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:17 Cut the ram into pieces, wash its entrails and legs, and put them with its pieces and head.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:17 Divide the ram limb by limb, wash the entrails and feet with water, and place them on the pieces with the head.
Greek explicitly mentions water and describes dividing by limbs.
29:18 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:18 Burn the whole ram on the altar. It is a burnt offering to YHWH, a pleasing aroma, an offering by fire to YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:18 Offer the whole ram on the altar as a whole burnt offering to the Lord, a fragrant aroma; it is a sacrifice to the Lord.
RH describes the whole-burnt offering as a sacrifice and uses the aroma-of-fragrance formula. It does not contain the provisional incense-related noun here.
29:19 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:19 Take the other ram, and Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands on its head.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:19 Take the other ram, and Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands on its head.
29:20 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:20 Slaughter the ram and put some of its blood on the lobe of Aaron’s right ear and the right ears of his sons, on their right thumbs and right big toes. Dash the blood against the altar on every side.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:20 Slaughter it and put some of its blood on the lobe of Aaron’s right ear, the extremity of his right hand and right foot, and on the lobes of his sons’ right ears and the extremities of their right hands and right feet.
Greek uses “extremity” for thumb and big toe and places the altar-blood command at the end of verse 21. [G29]
29:21 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:21 Take some of the blood on the altar and some anointing oil, and sprinkle it on Aaron and his garments, and on his sons and their garments. He and his garments, and his sons and their garments, shall be holy.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:21 Take some blood from the altar and some anointing oil, and sprinkle it on Aaron and his robe, and on his sons and their robes. He and his robe, and his sons and their robes, shall be holy. Pour the ram’s blood against the altar on every side.
The final Greek command corresponds to the end of Hebrew verse 20. [G29]
29:22 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:22 Take the ram’s fat, its fat tail, the fat covering the entrails, the appendage on the liver, the two kidneys and their fat, and the right thigh, for it is a ram of installation;
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:22 Take the ram’s fat, the fat covering its belly, the liver’s lobe, the two kidneys and their fat, and the right foreleg, for this is a consecration;
Greek lacks the fat tail and names a foreleg rather than Hebrew’s thigh. [H29; G29]
29:23 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:23 also take one loaf, one cake of oiled bread, and one wafer from the basket of unleavened bread before YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:23 also take one loaf made with oil and one wafer from the basket of unleavened bread set before the Lord.
The consulted Greek lists two bread items, not the three supplied in V1. [G29]
29:24 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:24 Put all these in the hands of Aaron and his sons and wave them as a wave offering before YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:24 Put all these on the hands of Aaron and his sons and set them apart as a dedicated portion before the Lord.
Greek describes setting apart; Hebrew names waving.
29:25 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:25 Receive them from their hands and burn them on the altar over the burnt offering, as a pleasing aroma before YHWH, an offering by fire to YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:25 Receive them from their hands and offer them on the altar of whole burnt offering as a fragrant aroma before the Lord, an offering to the Lord.
Hebrew describes placement over the burnt offering; Greek identifies the altar by its offering.
29:26 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:26 Take the breast of Aaron’s ram of installation and wave it as a wave offering before YHWH. It shall be your portion.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:26 Take the breast from Aaron’s ram of consecration and set it apart as a dedicated portion before the Lord. It shall be your portion.
29:27 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:27 Consecrate the breast of the wave offering and the thigh of the contribution, which were waved and lifted from the ram of installation for Aaron and his sons.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:27 Consecrate the breast set apart and the foreleg of the contribution, which were set apart and taken from the ram of consecration for Aaron and his sons.
The limb and presentation terminology differ.
29:28 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:28 These shall belong to Aaron and his sons by a perpetual statute from the sons of Israel. It is a contribution, taken from the sacrifices of their peace offerings as their contribution to YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:28 These shall belong to Aaron and his sons by a perpetual statute from the sons of Israel. It is a dedicated portion, a contribution from the sacrifices of the sons of Israel’s well-being offerings, a contribution to the Lord.
The offering terms differ without requiring different rituals in every detail.
Sanctification Continuity
29:29 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:29 Aaron’s holy garments shall belong to his sons after him, to be anointed in them and have their hands filled in them.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:29 Aaron’s holy robe shall belong to his sons after him, to be anointed in the garments and have their hands consecrated.
Both concern succession and installation; Greek uses a singular robe with a subsequent plural reference.
29:30 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:30 The son who succeeds him as priest and enters the Tent of Meeting to minister in the sanctuary shall wear them for seven days.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:30 The son who succeeds him as priest and enters the Tent of Testimony to minister in the holy places shall wear them for seven days.
29:31 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:31 Take the ram of installation and boil its flesh in a holy place.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:31 Take the ram of consecration and boil its flesh in a holy place.
29:32 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:32 Aaron and his sons shall eat the ram’s flesh and the bread in the basket at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:32 Aaron and his sons shall eat the ram’s flesh and the bread in the basket at the doors of the Tent of Testimony.
29:33 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:33 They shall eat the things by which atonement was made to fill their hands and consecrate them. An outsider shall not eat them, because they are holy.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:33 They shall eat the things by which they were sanctified, to consecrate their hands and sanctify them. An outsider shall not eat them, because they are holy.
Hebrew explicitly mentions atonement; Greek sanctification. “Outsider” concerns access to the priestly meal, not automatically a foreign nationality. [G29]
29:34 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:34 If any installation meat or bread remains until morning, burn the remainder with fire. It shall not be eaten, because it is holy.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:34 If any meat of the consecration sacrifice or bread remains until morning, burn the remainder with fire. It shall not be eaten, because it is holy.
29:35 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:35 Do this for Aaron and his sons according to everything I commanded you. Fill their hands for seven days.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:35 Do this for Aaron and his sons according to everything I commanded you. Consecrate their hands for seven days.
29:36 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:36 Each day offer a bull as a sin offering for atonement. Purify the altar by making atonement for it, and anoint it to consecrate it.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:36 Offer the calf of the sin offering on the day of purification. Purify the altar when you perform consecration upon it, and anoint it to consecrate it.
Hebrew explicitly says each day and uses atonement language; Greek speaks of the day of purification and consecration. [H29; G29]
29:37 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:37 For seven days make atonement for the altar and consecrate it. The altar shall be most holy; whatever touches it shall become holy.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:37 For seven days purify the altar and consecrate it. The altar shall be most holy; everyone who touches it shall be sanctified.
Greek speaks of purification and a person who touches; Hebrew uses a broader relative expression.
The Divine Presence
29:38 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:38 This is what you shall offer on the altar: two year-old lambs each day continually.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:38 This is what you shall offer on the altar: two year-old lambs without blemish each day continually, a continual offering.
Greek explicitly adds the unblemished condition and repeats the continual offering designation.
29:39 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:39 Offer one lamb in the morning and the other between the evenings.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:39 Offer one lamb in the morning and the second in the evening.
“Between the evenings” preserves the Hebrew time expression without prescribing a precise modern clock time.
29:40 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:40 With one lamb offer a tenth measure of fine flour mixed with a quarter hin of beaten oil, and a quarter hin of wine as a drink offering.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:40 With one lamb offer a tenth measure of fine flour mixed with a quarter hin of beaten oil, and a quarter hin of wine as a libation.
Neither clause here explicitly supplies “ephah” after the tenth measure.
29:41 Similar
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:41 Offer the other lamb between the evenings, with the same grain offering and drink offering as in the morning, as a pleasing aroma, an offering by fire to YHWH.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:41 Offer the second lamb in the evening, with the same sacrifice and libation as in the morning, as a fragrant aroma, an offering to the Lord,
Greek’s sentence continues into verse 42.
29:42 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:42 It shall be a continual burnt offering throughout your generations at the entrance of the Tent of Meeting before YHWH, where I will meet with you to speak to you there.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:42 a continual sacrifice throughout your generations at the doors of the Tent of Testimony before the Lord, where I will make Myself known to you, to speak to you.
Hebrew describes meeting; Greek being made known.
29:43 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:43 There I will meet with the sons of Israel, and it shall be sanctified by My glory.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:43 There I will appoint Myself for the sons of Israel, and I will be sanctified in My glory.
Greek explicitly makes God the subject of being sanctified; Hebrew leaves the third-person subject unstated. [H29; G29]
29:44 Same
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:44 I will consecrate the Tent of Meeting and the altar. I will also consecrate Aaron and his sons to serve Me as priests.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:44 I will consecrate the Tent of Testimony and the altar. I will also consecrate Aaron and his sons to serve Me as priests.
29:45 Different
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:45 I will dwell among the sons of Israel and be their God.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:45 I will be called upon among the sons of Israel and be their God.
Hebrew describes dwelling; Greek being invoked. [G29]
29:46 Divergent
Hebrew · Rabbinic priority
29:46 They shall know that I am YHWH their God, who brought them out of Egypt to dwell among them. I am YHWH their God.
Greek · Saints priority
G 29:46 They shall know that I am the Lord their God, who brought them out of the land of Egypt to be called upon among them and to be their God.
Greek retains invocation language and incorporates the final divine relationship into the purpose clause. [G29]
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Saints Translation · Companion comparison edition · working draft awaiting specialist review.