Ezekiel 16 — Jerusalem’s origin, betrayal, judgment and covenant — Hebrew and Greek compared
Disparate in this chapter: 16:4, 16:5, 16:7, 16:15, 16:16, 16:21, 16:27, 16:28, 16:30, 16:31, 16:32, 16:33, 16:54
Each card keeps the independently rendered source readings above their shared comparison and reception notes. The badge records the source’s governing classification; disparate readings are marked in red. Each reading retains its original reference.
Ezekiel 16 — Jerusalem’s origin, betrayal, judgment and covenant
16:1–16:7 — The abandoned infant and the gift of life
Verse 16:1 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:1] YHWH’s word came to me, saying,
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:1] The Lord’s word came to me, saying,
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The word formula agrees.
Verse 16:2 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:2] “Son of man, make Jerusalem know her abominations.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:2] “Son of man, solemnly testify to Jerusalem about her lawlessness,
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew makes the offenses known; Greek uses solemn testimony.
Verse 16:3 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:3] Say, ‘Thus says Lord YHWH to Jerusalem: Your origins and your birth are from the Canaanite land; your father was an Amorite and your mother a Hittite.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:3] and say, ‘Thus says the Lord to Jerusalem: Your root and your birth are from the land of Canaan; your father was an Amorite and your mother a Hittite.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: The parentage corresponds; Hebrew origins becomes Greek root. This is the oracle’s address to personified Jerusalem.
Verse 16:4 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:4] As for your birth, on the day you were born your cord was not cut; you were not washed with water for cleansing, not rubbed with salt, and not wrapped in swaddling cloths.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:4] As for your birth, on the day you were born they did not bind your breasts; you were not washed with water, not salted with salt, and not wrapped in swaddling cloths.
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew names an uncut cord; Greek expressly says unbound breasts. Greek lacks Hebrew’s cleansing-purpose word. The unusual Greek body part is not replaced from Hebrew.
Verse 16:5 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:5] No eye pitied you enough to do any of these things for you out of compassion. You were cast upon the open field because your life was abhorred, on the day you were born.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:5] Nor did My eye spare you to do any of all these things for you, to feel anything for you. You were cast upon the face of the plain because of your life’s crookedness, on the day you were born.
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew has no compassionate eye without naming God; Greek explicitly says My eye. Hebrew rejection of the infant’s life contrasts with Greek its crookedness; neither is softened or harmonized.
Verse 16:6 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:6] I passed by you and saw you wallowing in your blood. I said to you in your blood, ‘Live!’ I said to you in your blood, ‘Live!’
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:6] I passed by you and saw you befouled in your blood, and said to you, ‘From your blood, life!
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew repeats the live command twice. Greek has a single nominal life declaration with from your blood, continued by multiply in 16:7.
Verse 16:7 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:7] I made you a myriad, like the growth of the field. You multiplied, grew great and reached the finest adornment. Your breasts became firm and your hair grew, but you were naked and bare.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:7] Multiply!’ I have made you like the growth of the field. You multiplied, grew great and entered cities of cities. Your breasts stood firm and your hair grew, but you were naked and exposed.
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew begins with a myriad and speaks of adornment; Greek commands multiplication and explicitly says cities of cities. The surprising Greek phrase is retained; no maturation phrase is substituted for it.
16:8–16:14 — Covenant, cleansing and adornment
Verse 16:8 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:8] I passed by you and saw you; behold, your time was the time of love. I spread My garment’s wing over you and covered your nakedness. I swore to you and entered a covenant with you, declares Lord YHWH, and you became Mine.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:8] I passed through you and saw you; behold, your season was the season of those lodging. I spread My wings over you and covered your exposure. I swore to you and entered a covenant with you, says the Lord, and you became Mine.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew time of love contrasts with Greek kairos katalyontōn, season of those lodging. Hebrew singular garment wing becomes Greek plural wings; the covenant is explicit in both.
Verse 16:9 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:9] I washed you with water, rinsed your blood from you, and anointed you with oil.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:9] I washed you with water, washed your blood off you, and anointed you with oil,
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The cleansing and anointing correspond.
Verse 16:10 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:10] I clothed you in embroidered work, put sandals of taḥash hide on you, wrapped you in fine linen, and covered you with fine fabric.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:10] and clothed you in patterned garments, shod you in blue-purple, girded you with fine linen, and wrapped you in hair-woven cloth,
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew taḥash is an uncertain hide designation; Greek specifies blue-purple. Hebrew meshi is rendered fine fabric without asserting silk, while Greek trichapton explicitly names hair-woven fabric.
Verse 16:11 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:11] I adorned you with ornaments, put bracelets upon your hands and a necklace upon your neck.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:11] and adorned you with ornaments, placed bracelets around your hands and a necklace around your neck,
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The adornments correspond.
Verse 16:12 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:12] I put a ring upon your nose, earrings upon your ears and a splendid crown upon your head.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:12] and put a ring around your nostril, little hoops upon your ears and a crown of boasting upon your head.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Greek distinguishes little hoops and a boasting crown from Hebrew’s earrings and splendid crown.
Verse 16:13 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:13] You adorned yourself with gold and silver; your clothing was fine linen, fine fabric and embroidery. You ate fine flour, honey and oil. You became exceedingly beautiful and advanced to royalty.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:13] You were adorned with gold and silver; your coverings were fine linen, hair-woven and patterned. You ate fine flour, oil and honey, and became very beautiful.
Classification & Notes
Divergent. Text: Greek lacks the entire advancement-to-royalty clause, changes the adornment to passive and orders oil before honey.
Verse 16:14 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:14] Your fame went out among the nations because of your beauty, for it was perfect through My splendor that I placed upon you, declares Lord YHWH.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:14] Your fame went out among the nations because of your beauty, for it was made complete in comeliness, in the loveliness I placed upon you, says the Lord.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Both attribute beauty to a divine gift; Greek expresses comeliness and loveliness without a possessive My before either.
16:15–16:22 — Gifts turned toward prostitution
Verse 16:15 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:15] But you trusted in your beauty and prostituted yourself because of your fame. You poured out your prostitutions upon every passerby; it would be his.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:15] You trusted in your beauty and prostituted yourself because of your fame. You poured out your prostitution upon every passerby—which shall not be.
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew ends affirmatively, it would be his; Greek expressly negates, which shall not be. The difficult opposite endings are preserved.
Verse 16:16 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:16] You took some of your garments, made patched high places for yourself and prostituted yourself upon them. Such things do not come, nor shall they be.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:16] You took some of your garments, made sewn idols for yourself and prostituted yourself upon them. You certainly shall not enter, nor shall it come to be.
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew patched high places becomes Greek sewn idols. Hebrew’s obscure impersonal final negatives differ from Greek’s explicit second-person shall-not-enter followed by an impersonal negative.
Verse 16:17 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:17] You took your splendid vessels from My gold and My silver that I had given you, made male images for yourself and prostituted yourself with them.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:17] You took your vessels of boasting from My gold and My silver, from what I had given you, made male images for yourself and prostituted yourself among them.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both retain the divine gifts, male images and sexual metaphor.
Verse 16:18 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:18] You took your embroidered garments and covered them; you set My oil and My incense before them.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:18] You took your patterned clothing and clothed them; you set My oil and My incense before them.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The offerings and dressing of the images correspond.
Verse 16:19 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:19] My bread that I gave you—fine flour, oil and honey with which I fed you—you set before them as a soothing aroma. So it was, declares Lord YHWH.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:19] My breads that I gave you—fine flour, oil and honey with which I fed you—you set before them as a fragrant aroma. So it happened, says the Lord.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew bread is collective singular; Greek plural breads. Both retain the complete food list and concluding affirmation.
Verse 16:20 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:20] You took your sons and daughters whom you had borne to Me and sacrificed them to them for food. Were your prostitutions too little?
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:20] You took your sons and daughters whom you had borne and sacrificed them to them for consumption, as though you had prostituted yourself only a little,
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Greek lacks borne to Me and expresses the insufficiency as an as-though clause, against Hebrew’s question.
Verse 16:21 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:21] You slaughtered My sons and gave them over, making them pass to them.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:21] and slaughtered your children and gave them over as you used them for averting rites.
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew calls them My sons; Greek your children. Hebrew passing-to-them lacks an explicit fire noun; Greek apotropiazomai gives averting rites, without specifying their exact procedure.
Verse 16:22 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:22] With all your abominations and your prostitutions, you did not remember your youthful days, when you were naked and bare, wallowing in your blood.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:22] This was in addition to all your prostitution, and you did not remember the days of your infancy, when you were naked and exposed and lived befouled in your blood.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Greek lacks abominations, names infancy rather than youth, and explicitly says lived where Hebrew says were.
16:23–16:29 — The city and her foreign lovers
Verse 16:23 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:23] After all your wickedness—woe, woe to you, declares Lord YHWH—
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:23] After all your evils, says the Lord,
Classification & Notes
Divergent. Text: Greek lacks the doubled woe-to-you declaration.
Verse 16:24 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:24] you built yourself a mound and made yourself a raised place in every square.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:24] you built yourself a prostitution chamber and made yourself a display place in every broad street,
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew gives mound and raised place; Greek explicitly identifies a prostitution chamber and a display place.
Verse 16:25 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:25] At every street head you built your raised place, made your beauty abominable, spread your legs to every passerby, and multiplied your prostitutions.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:25] and at the head of every road you built your brothels, ruined your beauty, spread your legs to every passerby, and multiplied your prostitution.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Greek explicitly says plural brothels where Hebrew has a raised place. The sexual imagery is preserved in both.
Verse 16:26 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:26] You prostituted yourself with the sons of Egypt, your neighbors great in flesh, and multiplied your prostitution to provoke Me.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:26] You prostituted yourself with the sons of Egypt, your neighbors great in flesh, and prostituted yourself in many ways to anger Me.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both preserve great in flesh as the oracle’s bodily description without adding an anatomical noun.
Verse 16:27 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:27] Behold, I stretched My hand against you and reduced your allotted portion. I gave you to the desire of those who hate you, the Philistines’ daughters, who were ashamed of your lewd way.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:27] But if I stretch My hand against you, I will remove your ordinances and hand you over to the desires of those who hate you, daughters of foreigners who turn you aside from your way in which you acted impiously.
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew recounts past action against an allotted portion and ashamed Philistine daughters; Greek gives a conditional future, ordinances, foreign daughters and their turning Jerusalem from her way.
Verse 16:28 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:28] You prostituted yourself with the sons of Assyria because you were not satisfied; you prostituted yourself with them, and still were not satisfied.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:28] You prostituted yourself with the daughters of Assyria, and not even so were you filled; you prostituted yourself, and were not filled.
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew explicitly names Assyrian sons; Greek daughters. Greek also lacks the initial causal because-you-were-not-satisfied clause.
Verse 16:29 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:29] You multiplied your prostitution toward the land of merchants, Chaldea, and even with this you were not satisfied.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:29] You multiplied your covenants toward the Chaldeans’ land, and not even with these were you filled.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew prostitution contrasts with Greek covenants. Hebrew kenaʿan is provisionally read in its commercial sense, merchants, with Chaldea; Greek names only the Chaldeans’ land.
16:30–16:34 — Payment and reversed roles
Verse 16:30 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:30] How weak your heart is, declares Lord YHWH, when you do all these things, the work of a domineering prostitute!
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:30] What shall I do to your daughter, says the Lord, when you do all these things, the works of a prostitute? And you prostituted yourself threefold
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew addresses a weak heart and a domineering prostitute; Greek asks about Jerusalem’s daughter and begins a threefold-prostitution clause continued in 16:31.
Verse 16:31 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:31] When you built your mound at the head of every road and made your raised place in every square, you were not like a prostitute, scoffing at payment.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:31] among your daughters. You built your brothel at every road head and made your platform in every broad street, and became like a prostitute gathering payments.
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Greek completes the preceding daughter clause and explicitly affirms likeness to a paid prostitute; Hebrew negates the likeness and speaks of scoffing at payment. No negative is added to Greek.
Verse 16:32 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:32] An adulterous wife takes strangers instead of her husband!
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:32] The adulterous wife is like you, receiving payments from her husband;
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew names strangers taken instead of a husband; Greek explicitly describes receiving payments from her husband.
Verse 16:33 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:33] To all prostitutes they give a gift, but you gave your gifts to all your lovers and bribed them to come to you from all around in your prostitutions.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:33] she kept giving payments to all who prostituted her. You too gave payments to all your lovers and loaded them up to come to you from all around in your prostitution.
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew begins with gifts paid to prostitutes; Greek has the wife paying those who prostituted her. Greek loaded them up is retained for phortizō without changing it to the Hebrew bribery verb.
Verse 16:34 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:34] You were the reverse of other women in your prostitutions: no one solicited you for prostitution, and you gave payment while no payment was given to you. You were the reverse!
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:34] With you it became distorted compared with other women in your prostitution. They have prostituted themselves with you as you paid extra payments, and no payments were given to you; with you things became distorted.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew denies solicitation; Greek affirms prostitution with her. Both retain the reversal in payment, but Greek describes it as distortion.
16:35–16:43 — Exposure and judgment
Verse 16:35 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:35] Therefore, prostitute, hear YHWH’s word!
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:35] Therefore, prostitute, hear the Lord’s word!
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The direct address agrees.
Verse 16:36 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:36] Thus says Lord YHWH: Because your copper was poured out and your nakedness exposed in your prostitutions with your lovers, with all your abominable idols, and according to the blood of your sons whom you gave to them,
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:36] Thus says the Lord: Because you poured out your copper, your shame will be exposed in your prostitution with your lovers, in all the reflections of your lawlessness, and in the blood of your children whom you gave to them.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Both use the copper designation, whose precise metaphorical sense remains uncertain. Hebrew exposed nakedness is past and names idols; Greek exposure is future and names reflections of lawlessness.
Verse 16:37 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:37] therefore behold, I am gathering all your lovers with whom you took pleasure, all whom you loved together with all whom you hated. I will gather them against you from all around, expose your nakedness to them, and they will see all your nakedness.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:37] Therefore behold, I am gathering against you all your lovers with whom you mingled, all whom you loved together with all whom you hated. I will gather them against you from all around, reveal your evils to them, and they will see all your shame.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew exposes nakedness twice; Greek reveals evils and shows shame. Both retain loved and hated parties.
Verse 16:38 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:38] I will judge you with the judgments of adulteresses and women who shed blood; I will make you blood of fury and jealousy.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:38] I will exact retribution upon you with the retribution of an adulteress and a woman shedding blood, and place you in blood of wrath and jealousy.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Both retain the compressed blood-of-wrath language; Greek explicitly adds in and uses singular offenders.
Verse 16:39 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:39] I will give you into their hand. They will tear down your mound, demolish your raised places, strip your clothes from you, take your splendid vessels, and leave you naked and bare.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:39] I will hand you into their hands. They will tear down your brothel, pull down your platform, strip your clothing from you, take your vessels of boasting, and leave you naked and exposed.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Greek retains brothel/platform where Hebrew has mound/plural raised places; the dispossession is complete in both.
Verse 16:40 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:40] They will bring an assembly against you, stone you with stones, and cut you apart with their swords.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:40] They will bring crowds against you, stone you with stones, and slaughter you with their swords.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew assembly is singular and its sword verb means cut apart; Greek has crowds and slaughter.
Verse 16:41 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:41] They will burn your houses with fire and execute judgments upon you before the eyes of many women. I will stop you from prostituting yourself, and you will no longer give payment.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:41] They will burn your houses with fire and exact retributions upon you before many women. I will turn you away from your prostitution, and you certainly will give no more payments.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: The public judgment and end of prostitution/payments correspond, with stopping versus turning away.
Verse 16:42 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:42] I will let My fury rest upon you; My jealousy will turn away from you. I will be quiet and no longer be angry.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:42] I will release My wrath upon you; My jealousy will be removed from you. I will rest and certainly be concerned no longer.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew ends with no more anger; Greek with no more concern. The divine predicates are not harmonized.
Verse 16:43 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:43] Because you did not remember your youthful days but agitated Me with all these things, behold, I too have brought your way upon your head, declares Lord YHWH. Have you not committed lewdness in addition to all your abominations?
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:43] Because you did not remember the day of your infancy but grieved Me with all these things, behold, I have brought your ways upon your head, says the Lord. Thus you committed impiety in addition to all your lawlessness.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew youthful days becomes Greek day of infancy; agitation becomes grief. Hebrew’s final negative clause is read as a rhetorical question, while Greek explicitly affirms thus you committed.
16:44–16:52 — Sodom and Samaria as sisters
Verse 16:44 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:44] Behold, everyone who uses proverbs will use a proverb against you, saying, ‘Like mother, like daughter.’
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:44] These are all the things they said against you in a proverb, saying, ‘As the mother, so the daughter.’
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew announces future proverbial use; Greek reports what was said.
Verse 16:45 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:45] You are the daughter of your mother, who abhors her husband and her children, and you are the sister of your sisters, who abhorred their husbands and children. Your mother was a Hittite, and your father an Amorite.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:45] You are the daughter of your mother, who rejected her husband and her children, and the sister of your sisters, who rejected their husbands and children. Your mother was a Hittite, and your father an Amorite.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: The kinship indictment agrees; Hebrew abhorrence becomes Greek rejection.
Verse 16:46 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:46] Your greater sister is Samaria, she and her daughters, dwelling at your left; your sister smaller than you, dwelling at your right, is Sodom and her daughters.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:46] Your elder sister is Samaria, she and her daughters, dwelling at your left; your sister younger than you, dwelling at your right, is Sodom and her daughters.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew greater/smaller contrasts with Greek explicitly elder/younger. The left/right locations are retained without inserted compass directions.
Verse 16:47 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:47] You did not walk in their ways or practice their abominations. In a little while, you acted more corruptly than they in all your ways.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:47] Not even so did you walk in their ways or act according to their lawlessness. Before long, you surpassed them in all your ways.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Both retain the negative comparison followed by surpassing wrongdoing. The brief Hebrew kimʿat qat and Greek para mikron expressions are provisionally rendered temporally; no merely is inserted to erase the negative.
Verse 16:48 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:48] As I live, declares Lord YHWH, your sister Sodom, she and her daughters, certainly did not do as you and your daughters have done.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:48] As I live, says the Lord, your sister Sodom, she and her daughters, certainly did not do as you and your daughters have done.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both retain the oath’s emphatic denial.
Verse 16:49 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:49] Behold, this was the iniquity of your sister Sodom: pride, fullness of bread and careless ease belonged to her and her daughters, but she did not strengthen the hand of the poor and needy.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:49] Yet this was the lawlessness of your sister Sodom: arrogance. In fullness of bread and abundance of wine she and her daughters lived luxuriously. This belonged to her and her daughters, but they did not support the hand of the poor and needy.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Greek explicitly adds abundance of wine and luxurious living, with a repeated belonged-to-them clause. Both retain failure to support the poor and needy.
Verse 16:50 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:50] They grew haughty and committed an abomination before Me, and I removed them as I saw.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:50] They boasted greatly and committed acts of lawlessness before Me, and I removed them as I saw.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew singular abomination becomes Greek plural lawless acts; both leave as I saw without an added object.
Verse 16:51 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:51] Samaria did not sin half your sins. You multiplied your abominations beyond theirs and justified your sisters by all the abominations you committed.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:51] Samaria did not sin half your sins. You multiplied your lawlessness beyond theirs and justified your sisters by all the lawlessness you committed.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The half comparison and relative justification correspond; no declaration of absolute innocence is inserted.
Verse 16:52 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:52] You too, bear your disgrace, you who judged your sisters. Through your sins, in which you acted more abominably than they, they are more righteous than you. You too, be ashamed and bear your disgrace, in that you justified your sisters.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:52] You too, receive your torment, in which you corrupted your sisters by your sins, in which you acted more lawlessly than they and justified them above yourself. You too, be ashamed and take your dishonor, in that you justified your sisters.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew disgrace and judging sisters contrasts with Greek torment and corrupting sisters. Greek explicitly makes Jerusalem justify them above herself.
16:53–16:58 — Restoration and disgrace
Verse 16:53 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:53] I will restore their fortunes—the fortunes of Sodom and her daughters, and the fortunes of Samaria and her daughters—and the fortunes of your captivity among them,
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:53] I will reverse their reversals—the reversal of Sodom and her daughters; I will reverse the reversal of Samaria and her daughters; and I will reverse your reversal among them,
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew’s fortunes/captivity construction differs from Greek’s repeated turning-back wordplay. Greek repeats the finite verb for each group; the concrete restoration is stated in 16:55.
Verse 16:54 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:54] so that you may bear your disgrace and be ashamed of all you have done, in that you comforted them.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:54] so that you may receive your torment and be dishonored for all you did in provoking Me.
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew concludes with Jerusalem comforting the sisters; Greek with Jerusalem provoking God.
Verse 16:55 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:55] Your sisters—Sodom and her daughters—will return to their former state; Samaria and her daughters will return to their former state; and you and your daughters will return to your former state.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:55] Your sister Sodom and her daughters will be restored as they were from the beginning; Samaria and her daughters will be restored as they were from the beginning; and you and your daughters will be restored as you were from the beginning.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Both fully repeat the restoration for all three groups. Hebrew active return becomes Greek passive restoration.
Verse 16:56 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:56] Your sister Sodom was not spoken of by your mouth in the day of your pride,
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:56] And if your sister Sodom was not a report in your mouth in the days of your arrogance,
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Greek begins an if-not construction continued into 16:57; Hebrew states the negative directly and has singular day.
Verse 16:57 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:57] before your evil was exposed, as at the time of reproach from Aram’s daughters and all around her, the Philistines’ daughters who despise you all around.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:57] before your evils were revealed—as now you are a reproach of Syria’s daughters and all around her, daughters of foreigners who surround you all around?
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Greek explicitly says now you are a reproach, names Syria and foreign daughters, and describes surrounding rather than despising. The suspended Greek conditional question remains visible.
Verse 16:58 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:58] Your lewdness and your abominations—you have borne them, declares YHWH.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:58] Your impieties and your lawlessness—you have borne them, says the Lord.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: The responsibility statement corresponds, with differing offense vocabulary.
16:59–16:63 — The remembered covenant
Verse 16:59 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:59] For thus says Lord YHWH: I will deal with you as you have done, you who despised the oath by breaking the covenant.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:59] Thus says the Lord: I will deal with you as you have done, as you dishonored these things by transgressing My covenant.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew explicitly names the despised oath; Greek says these things and explicitly My covenant.
Verse 16:60 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:60] But I Myself will remember My covenant with you in the days of your youth and establish for you an everlasting covenant.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:60] I Myself will remember My covenant with you in the days of your infancy and raise up for you an eternal covenant.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew youth contrasts with Greek infancy. Both explicitly retain God’s remembrance and enduring covenant.
Verse 16:61 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:61] You will remember your ways and be ashamed when you receive your sisters, those greater than you together with those smaller than you. I will give them to you as daughters, but not by your covenant.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:61] You will remember your way and be dishonored when you take up your sisters, those older than you together with those younger than you. I will give them to you for building up, and not from your covenant.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew gives the sisters as daughters; Greek gives them for building up. The older/younger terms and singular Greek way are retained.
Verse 16:62 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:62] I Myself will establish My covenant with you, and you will know that I am YHWH,
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:62] I Myself will raise up My covenant with you, and you will recognize that I am the Lord,
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The covenant and recognition correspond.
Verse 16:63 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[16:63] so that you may remember and be ashamed, and no longer have an opening of the mouth because of your disgrace, when I make atonement for you for all that you have done, declares Lord YHWH.’”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[16:63] so that you may remember and be ashamed, and no longer have occasion to open your mouth because of your dishonor, when I am propitious to you concerning all that you have done, says the Lord.’”
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew kipper is make atonement; Greek’s middle exilaskomai with the person in the dative is rendered am propitious to you. Neither column adds a particular atonement theory.