Zechariah 10 — Hebrew and Greek compared
Disparate in this chapter: 10:2, 10:4
Each card keeps the independently rendered source readings above their shared comparison and reception notes. The badge records the source’s governing classification; disparate readings are marked in red. Each reading retains its original reference.
Chapter 10
Rain, shepherds and the gathered people
Verse 10:1 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
10:1 Ask YHWH for rain in the season of the latter rain. YHWH makes lightning flashes and will give them showers of rain, to each person vegetation in the field.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
10:1 Ask the Lord for rain in its season, early and late. The Lord made appearances and will give them winter rain, to each person vegetation in the field.
Classification & Notes
Divergent. Text: Greek names both early and late rain, against Hebrew latter rain, and adds winter to the rain given. Hebrew lightning flashes become Greek phantasiai, appearances or manifestations, retained without asserting a specific meteorological equivalent.
Verse 10:2 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
10:2 For the teraphim spoke falsehood, the diviners saw lies and told empty dreams; they comfort in vain. Therefore they wandered like sheep, afflicted because there is no shepherd.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
10:2 For those making pronouncements spoke troubles, the diviners false visions; they were telling false dreams and giving vain comfort. Therefore they were carried away like sheep and mistreated, because there was no healing.
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew speaking teraphim become Greek human pronouncers, and absence of a shepherd becomes absence of healing. The shared false divination and sheep comparison do not erase the different stated reason for affliction.
Verse 10:3 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
10:3 My anger burns against the shepherds, and I will call the male goats to account. For YHWH of hosts has attended to His flock, Judah's house, and made them like His majestic battle horse.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
10:3 My wrath was provoked against the shepherds, and I will attend to the lambs. The Lord God Almighty will attend to His flock, Judah's house, and make them like His splendid horse in battle.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew male goats become Greek lambs, changing the group singled out for visitation. Hebrew's care for the flock is presented as accomplished, Greek as future; Greek also explicitly includes God in the divine title.
Verse 10:4 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
10:4 From him comes the corner, from him the peg, from him the battle bow; from him every taskmaster will come forth together.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
10:4 From him he looked, and from him he appointed; from him a bow in wrath. From him everyone driving out will come forth together.
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew corner and peg become Greek actions of looking and appointing, with unexpressed objects. Greek bow in wrath differs from battle bow. The repeated from-him referent and Greek agents remain unresolved, rather than supplied as named leaders.
Verse 10:5 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
10:5 They will be like warriors trampling in the streets' mud in battle. They will fight because YHWH is with them, and horse riders will be put to shame.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
10:5 They will be like fighters trampling mud in the roads in battle; they will draw up for combat because the Lord is with them, and horse riders will be put to shame.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Battle, divine accompaniment and mounted opponents' shame agree. Hebrew trampling in mud becomes Greek trampling mud directly.
Verse 10:6 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
10:6 I will strengthen Judah's house and save Joseph's house. I will bring them back to dwell because I have compassion on them; they will be as though I had not rejected them, for I am YHWH their God and will answer them.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
10:6 I will strengthen Judah's house and save Joseph's house. I will settle them because I have loved them; they will be as though I had not turned them away, for I am the Lord their God and will listen to them.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Strengthening, rescue and renewed settlement agree. Hebrew hoshvotim combines return and settlement associations; Greek directly settles. Compassion/love and answering/listening retain their distinct terms within the same restoration.
Verse 10:7 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
10:7 Ephraim will be like a warrior, and their heart will rejoice as with wine. Their children will see and rejoice; their heart will exult in YHWH.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
10:7 They will be like Ephraim's fighters, and their heart will rejoice as with wine. Their children will see and be glad; their heart will rejoice in the Lord.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew Ephraim is the warrior-like subject; Greek makes Ephraim's fighters the comparison for an unnamed they. The shared joy of parents and children remains.
Verse 10:8 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
10:8 I will whistle for them and gather them, for I have redeemed them; they will multiply as they once multiplied.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
10:8 I will signal to them and receive them, for I will redeem them; they will multiply as they were once many.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Calling, gathering and multiplication agree. Hebrew redemption is accomplished against Greek future redemption; Greek generalizes the whistle to a signal.
Verse 10:9 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
10:9 I will sow them among the peoples; in distant places they will remember Me, live with their children and return.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
10:9 I will sow them among peoples, and those far away will remember Me; they will nourish their children and return.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew living with one's children becomes Greek raising or nourishing the children. The sowing, distant remembrance and return agree.
Verse 10:10 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
10:10 I will bring them back from Egypt's land and gather them from Assyria. I will bring them to Gilead's land and Lebanon, and no room will be found for them.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
10:10 I will bring them back from Egypt's land and receive them from the Assyrians. I will bring them into Gilead and Lebanon, and not even one of them will be left behind.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew's elliptical not-found-for-them is rendered lack of room; Greek explicitly says no person remains behind. The same geographical return is promised, but its closing emphasis is capacity versus complete recovery.
Verse 10:11 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
10:11 He will pass through the sea of distress and strike the sea's waves; all the Nile's depths will dry up. Assyria's pride will be brought down, and Egypt's scepter will depart.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
10:11 They will pass through a narrow sea and strike waves in the sea; all the rivers' depths will dry up. All the Assyrians' arrogance will be removed, and Egypt's scepter will be taken away.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew singular he crosses and strikes; Greek plural they acts. Hebrew distress becomes Greek narrowness, and the Nile becomes rivers. The Hebrew subject is not named and may represent God or the returning people; both announce Assyrian and Egyptian power's removal.
Verse 10:12 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
10:12 I will strengthen them in YHWH, and they will walk in His name, declares YHWH.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
10:12 I will strengthen them in the Lord their God, and they will boast in His name, says the Lord.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew walking in the divine name becomes Greek boasting in it. Greek also adds their God; both preserve first-person divine strengthening followed by a third-person divine designation.