Revelation 19 — Greek text and reception
Each card preserves the Greek reading and its textual and reception notes. This source provides a Greek study edition; Hebrew counterparts and Hebrew–Greek classifications are not supplied.
Chapter 19
Hallelujah and the marriage of the Lamb
Verse 19:1
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
After these things I heard something like a loud voice of a great multitude in heaven, saying, “Hallelujah! The salvation and the glory and the power belong to our God,
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: Hallelujah retains the source’s Hebrew-derived acclamation, praise Yah. It is not expanded inside every repeated refrain.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
Verse 19:2
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
because His judgments are true and righteous, because He judged the great prostitute who corrupted the earth by her sexual immorality, and avenged the blood of His slaves from her hand.”
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: God's judgment is praised as true and righteous because corruption and shed blood are answered. The hand image assigns responsibility to the condemned woman.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
Verse 19:3
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And a second time they said, “Hallelujah! And her smoke goes up for the ages of the ages.”
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: A second Hallelujah accompanies the continuing rise of Babylon's smoke. The duration remains the full ages-of-ages expression.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
Verse 19:4
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And the twenty-four elders and the four living creatures fell and worshiped God, who sits upon the throne, saying, “Amen, Hallelujah!”
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: Elders and creatures join in worship directed to the enthroned God. Amen and Hallelujah are retained as distinct acclamations.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
Verse 19:5
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And a voice came out from the throne, saying, “Praise our God, all His slaves and those who fear Him, the small and the great.”
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: The voice calls God our God and summons both small and great. Its location at the throne does not expressly identify the speaker as God Himself.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
Verse 19:6
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And I heard something like a voice of a great multitude, and like a sound of many waters, and like a sound of mighty thunders, saying, “Hallelujah, because the Lord God Almighty has reigned.
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: The accessed title is the Lord God Almighty, without an added our before God.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
Textual [G]: NA28 reads ὁ θεὸς [ἡμῶν] in brackets (SBLGNT omits); the rendering above follows SBLGNT, and NA28 would read "the Lord our God Almighty".
Verse 19:7
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
Let us rejoice and exult, and we will give Him the glory, because the marriage of the Lamb has come, and His wife prepared herself.
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: We will give is future, dōsomen, following the exhortations let us rejoice and exult; the change is retained.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
Textual [G]: NA28 reads subjunctive δώσωμεν, carried by no other edition in TAGNT (SBLGNT future δώσομεν); the rendering above follows SBLGNT, and NA28 would read "let us give Him the glory".
Verse 19:8
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And it was given to her to clothe herself in fine linen, bright and pure, for the fine linen is the righteous acts of the saints.”
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: Righteous acts renders plural dikaiōmata in the source’s explicit explanation of the linen.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
Verse 19:9
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And he says to me, “Write: Blessed are those called to the supper of the Lamb’s marriage.” And he says to me, “These are true words of God.”
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: Called describes those invited to the Lamb's marriage supper. The angel affirms the words' truth without substituting his own identity for their divine source.
Reception: R090 (John Bunyan; scope 19:9).
Verse 19:10
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And I fell before his feet to worship him. And he says to me, “See that you do not! I am your fellow slave and of your brothers who hold the testimony of Jesus. Worship God, for the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy.”
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: The angel refuses worship and identifies himself as a fellow slave. Testimony of Jesus can refer to testimony from Jesus or testimony about Him; spirit of prophecy is left without an added doctrinal definition.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
The rider called the Word of God
Verse 19:11
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And I saw heaven opened, and look, a white horse, and the One sitting upon it is called Faithful and True, and in righteousness He judges and wages war.
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: The white-horse rider is named Faithful and True here. His righteousness qualifies both judgment and warfare, unlike the unnamed rider of 6:2.
Reception: R064 (Victorinus tradition; scope 19:11).
Verse 19:12
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And His eyes are a flame of fire, and upon His head are many diadems, having a name written that no one knows except Himself.
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: Many diadems distinguish this rider's kingship from a single victory crown. The undisclosed written name remains distinct from the names revealed nearby.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
Textual [G]: NA28 reads [ὡς] φλὸξ πυρός in brackets (SBLGNT omits); the rendering above follows SBLGNT, and NA28 would read "His eyes are like a flame of fire".
Verse 19:13
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And He is clothed in a garment dipped in blood, and His name is called the Word of God.
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: Dipped renders bebammenon in the accessed text. The garment’s blood is not assigned a source inside the translation. Word of God is the explicitly given name.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
Verse 19:14
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And the armies in heaven were following Him upon white horses, clothed in fine linen, white and pure.
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: Heavenly armies follow on white horses in pure white linen. No weapon or separate act of killing is assigned to these followers in this verse.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
Verse 19:15
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And from His mouth comes out a sharp sword, so that with it He may strike the nations; and He will shepherd them with an iron rod, and He treads the winepress of the wine of the fury of the wrath of God Almighty.
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: The sword issues from His mouth; the iron rod and winepress are additional judgment images. Shepherd preserves poimainō as at 2:27 and 12:5.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
Verse 19:16
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And upon the garment and upon His thigh He has a name written: “King of kings and Lord of lords.”
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: The inscription stands upon garment and thigh. King of kings precedes Lord of lords here, reversing their order in 17:14.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
The defeat of the beast
Verse 19:17
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And I saw one angel standing in the sun, and he cried with a loud voice, saying to all the birds flying in midheaven, “Come, gather for the great supper of God,
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: The angel summons birds to God's great supper. This judgment feast is distinct from the Lamb's marriage supper announced at 19:9.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
Verse 19:18
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
so that you may eat flesh of kings and flesh of commanders of thousands and flesh of mighty ones and flesh of horses and of those sitting upon them, and flesh of all, both free and slaves and small and great.”
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: Repeated flesh includes rulers, soldiers, horses, riders and every social rank. The summons is addressed to birds within the vision.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
Verse 19:19
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And I saw the beast and the kings of the earth and their armies gathered to wage war with the One sitting upon the horse and with His army.
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: The beast's coalition gathers against the rider and His army. The text states the hostile intention before narrating their capture and defeat.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.
Verse 19:20
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And the beast was seized, and with it the false prophet who performed the signs before it, by which he deceived those receiving the beast’s mark and those worshiping its image. The two were thrown alive into the lake of fire burning with sulfur.
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: The false prophet is identified through deceptive signs and beast worship. Both he and the beast are thrown alive into the sulfur-burning lake.
Reception: R070 (Irenaeus; scope 17:8,19:20).
Verse 19:21
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
And the rest were killed with the sword of the One sitting upon the horse, the sword coming out of His mouth, and all the birds were filled with their flesh.
Textual & Reception Notes
Textual [G]: The rest are killed by the rider's mouth-sword, and the birds are filled. The text distinguishes this fate from the two figures thrown alive in 19:20.
Reception: No passage-specific reception verified in this review.