1 Chronicles 11 — Hebrew and Greek compared
Disparate in this chapter: 11:8, 11:34, 11:46
Each card keeps the independently rendered source readings above their shared comparison and reception notes. The badge records the source’s governing classification; disparate readings are marked in red. Each reading retains its original reference.
Chapter 11
Hebrew source [H11] • Greek source [G11]
David anointed; Jerusalem taken (11:1–9)
Verse 11:1 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:1] All Israel gathered to David at Hebron, saying, “Look, we are your bone and your flesh.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:1] All Israel came to David at Hebron, saying, “Look, we are your bones and your flesh.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both open with Israel's declaration of kinship; Greek uses plural bones.
Verse 11:2 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:2] Even formerly, when Saul was king, you were the one who led Israel out and brought them in. YHWH your God said to you, ‘You shall shepherd My people Israel, and you shall be leader over My people Israel.’”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:2] Formerly, while Saul was king, you were the one leading Israel out and bringing them in. The Lord your God said to you, ‘You shall shepherd My people Israel, and you shall be leader over Israel.’”
Classification & Notes
Divergent. Text: Greek lacks the second “My people”; the shepherding commission and recollection of David's prior leadership agree.
Verse 11:3 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:3] All Israel's elders came to the king at Hebron. David made a covenant with them in Hebron before YHWH, and they anointed David king over Israel, according to YHWH's word through Samuel.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:3] All Israel's elders came to the king in Hebron. King David established a covenant with them in Hebron before the Lord, and they anointed David king over Israel, according to the Lord's word through Samuel.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Greek explicitly calls David king within the covenant clause; both retain the covenant, anointing, and Samuel-mediated word.
Verse 11:4 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:4] David and all Israel went to Jerusalem, which is Jebus; the Jebusites, inhabitants of the land, were there.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:4] The king and the men of Israel went to Jerusalem, which is Jebus; the Jebusites, inhabitants of the land, were there.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew names David and all Israel; Greek says the king and Israel's men. The destination and inhabitants agree.
Verse 11:5 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:5] The inhabitants of Jebus said to David, “You shall not enter here.” But David captured the stronghold of Zion, which is the City of David.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:5] The inhabitants of Jebus said to David, “You shall not enter here.” But he seized the fortified enclosure of Zion, which is the City of David.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both contrast the refusal with the capture of Zion.
Verse 11:6 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:6] David said, “Whoever strikes the Jebusites first shall become chief and commander.” Joab son of Zeruiah went up first and became chief.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:6] David said, “Whoever strikes a Jebusite first shall become a ruler and general.” Joab son of Sarouia went up against it first and became ruler.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both give the same promised appointment and Joab's attainment of it.
Verse 11:7 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:7] David dwelt in the stronghold; therefore they called it the City of David.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:7] David settled in the fortified enclosure; therefore he called it the City of David.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew has unnamed plural namers; Greek makes the naming singular, continuing David's action.
Verse 11:8 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:8] He built the city all around, from the Millo to the surrounding area; Joab restored the rest of the city.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:8] He built the city all around, and fought and took the city.
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew specifies the Millo and gives Joab the work of restoring the remainder; Greek instead continues the singular agent's fighting and capture, with no Joab or Millo clause. Hebrew “restored” literally gives life and can also imply preserving inhabitants; that ambiguity does not erase the major difference in action and agency.
Verse 11:9 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:9] David grew greater and greater, and YHWH of Hosts was with him.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:9] David continued growing greater, and the Lord Almighty was with him.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Both connect David's growth with divine presence; Hosts and Almighty preserve their respective divine titles.
The leading mighty men (11:10–25)
Verse 11:10 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:10] These were the heads of David's mighty men, who strengthened themselves with him in his kingdom, together with all Israel, to make him king according to YHWH's word concerning Israel.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:10] These were the rulers of David's mighty men, who grew strong with him in his kingdom, together with all Israel, so that he might reign according to the Lord's word concerning Israel.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both introduce the mighty men through their support for David's divinely promised rule.
Verse 11:11 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:11] This was the number of David's mighty men: Jashobeam son of Hachmoni, chief of the officers; he raised his spear against three hundred whom he slew at one time.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:11] This was the number of David's mighty men: Jesebaal son of Achamani, first of the thirty; he drew his sword once against three hundred wounded at one time.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Names, rank, weapon, and description of the fallen differ: Jashobeam/Jesebaal, officers/thirty, spear/sword, slain/wounded. Hebrew “officers” follows the verified traditional reading shalishim beside the displayed written shaloshim-like form; the departure is registered. Rabbinic: the commentary presented as Rashi [R2], at this verse, explains the rank by the officers of Exodus fourteen seven.
Verse 11:12 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:12] After him was Eleazar son of Dodo the Ahohite; he was among the three mighty men.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:12] After him was Eleazar son of Dodai the Achochi; he was among the three mighty men.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: The warrior's place among the three agrees; the father's name has Dodo/Dodai forms.
Verse 11:13 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:13] He was with David at Pas-dammim, where the Philistines gathered for battle. There was a plot of ground full of barley, and the people fled before the Philistines.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:13] He was with David at Phasodomin, where the foreigners gathered for war. There was a portion of the field full of barley, and the people fled before the foreigners.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both retain barley, the flight, and the warrior's presence with David; the place-name forms correspond.
Verse 11:14 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:14] They took their stand in the middle of the plot, rescued it, and struck the Philistines; YHWH brought about a great deliverance.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:14] He stood in the middle of the plot, saved it, and struck the foreigners; the Lord brought about a great deliverance.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew makes the human defenders plural; Greek makes the standing, rescue, and striking singular. Both attribute the great deliverance to God.
Verse 11:15 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:15] Three of the thirty chiefs went down to the rock, to David at the cave of Adullam, while the Philistine camp was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:15] Three of the thirty rulers went down to the rock, to David at the cave of Odollam, while the foreigners' camp was encamped in the Valley of the Giants.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Greek renders Rephaim as Giants. Hebrew's compact chiefs expression is provisionally attached to the thirty; the commentary [R2] alternatively takes these three as heads of all thirty.
Verse 11:16 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:16] David was then in the stronghold, and a Philistine governor was then in Bethlehem.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:16] David was then in the fortified enclosure, and the foreigners' garrison was then in Bethlehem.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew netsiv is rendered governor here, a sense also adopted by the commentary [R2]; garrison is another possible sense. Greek explicitly describes a stationed body, so the person/group contrast is qualified.
Verse 11:17 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:17] David longed for water and said, “Who will give me water to drink from Bethlehem's cistern by the gate?”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:17] David desired it and said, “Who will give me water to drink from Bethlehem's cistern at the gate?”
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both voice David's longing for the same water source.
Verse 11:18 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:18] The three broke through the Philistine camp, drew water from Bethlehem's cistern by the gate, carried it, and brought it to David. But David would not drink it; he poured it out to YHWH.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:18] The three broke through the foreigners' camp, drew water from the cistern in Bethlehem at the gate, took it, and came to David. David did not wish to drink it and poured it as a libation to the Lord.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both retain the dangerous retrieval, David's refusal, and the libation. Rabbinic: the commentary presented as Rashi on this verse [R2] reports Bar Kappara's interpretation that this was a Sukkot water libation at the altar. That festival setting is attributed reception, not stated in either running text.
Verse 11:19 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:19] He said, “Far be it from me, before my God, to do this! Shall I drink these men's blood at the risk of their lives? For they brought it at the risk of their lives.” He would not drink it. These things the three mighty men did.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:19] He said, “May God be gracious to me against doing this deed! Shall I drink these men's blood at the cost of their lives? For they brought it at the cost of their lives.” He was unwilling to drink it. These things the three mighty men did.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Both preserve the blood/life argument and repeated refusal. Greek uses a propitious-God expression for the Hebrew protest; its negative force is idiomatic rather than a request to perform the deed.
Verse 11:20 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:20] Abshai, Joab's brother, was chief of the three. He raised his spear against three hundred whom he slew, and he had a name among the three.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:20] Abessa, Joab's brother, was ruler of the three. He drew his sword against three hundred wounded at one time, and he was renowned among the three.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Spear/sword and slain/wounded recur, and Greek adds “at one time.” Hebrew “he had” follows the traditional reading lo, “to him,” explicitly displayed by [R2] beside the written negative lo; a literal negative would reverse the reputation clause, so this adopted reading is declared rather than silently harmonized.
Verse 11:21 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:21] Among the three he was honored like two and became their commander, but he did not attain to the three.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:21] Among the three he was honored above the two and became their ruler, but he did not attain to the three.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: The difficult Hebrew “with/in the two” is provisionally read as worth two, supported by the commentary [R2]; Greek explicitly says above the two. The exact relationship of the groups of three remains unresolved.
Verse 11:22 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:22] Benaiah son of Jehoiada, son of a valiant man, accomplished many deeds, from Kabzeel. He struck the two ariels of Moab; he also went down and struck the lion in the pit on a snowy day.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:22] Banaias son of Jodae, son of a mighty man—many were his deeds beyond Kabasael. He struck the two ariels of Moab; he also went down and struck the lion in the pit on a snowy day.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew gives origin from Kabzeel; Greek uses hyper, provisionally beyond Kabasael. Both retain the opaque ariel designation rather than supplying sons or an unsupported proper name; the lion and snowy-day exploit agree.
Verse 11:23 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:23] He struck an Egyptian man, a man five cubits in stature. The Egyptian held a spear like a weavers' beam. He went down to him with a staff, snatched the spear from the Egyptian's hand, and killed him with his own spear.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:23] He struck an Egyptian man, a conspicuous man five cubits tall. The Egyptian held a spear like a weavers' beam. Banaias went down against him with a staff, took the spear from the Egyptian's hand, and killed him with his own spear.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Both preserve the five-cubit stature, staff, spear, and reversal of the weapon. Greek explicitly names Banaias and calls the Egyptian conspicuous.
Verse 11:24 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:24] These things Benaiah son of Jehoiada did, and he had a name among the three mighty men.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:24] These things Banaias son of Jodae did, and he had a name among the three mighty men.
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both award the same reputation following the exploits.
Verse 11:25 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:25] He was honored above the thirty, but did not attain to the three. David placed him over his guard.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:25] He was honored above the thirty, but did not attain to the three. David appointed him over his ancestral house.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: The appointment differs: Hebrew mishmaat denotes the body under command, rendered guard; Greek patria is an ancestral household. Both retain the distinction between the thirty and the three.
The remaining warriors (11:26–47)
Verse 11:26 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:26] The mighty warriors were Asahel, Joab's brother; Elhanan son of Dodo from Bethlehem;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:26] The mighty men of the forces were Asael, Joab's brother; Eleanan son of Dodo from Baithlaem;
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The opening two warriors and their identifying relationships correspond.
Verse 11:27 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:27] Shammoth the Harorite; Helez the Pelonite;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:27] Sammoth the Adite; Chelles the Phelonite;
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Shammoth's designation is Harorite in Hebrew and Adite in Greek.
Verse 11:28 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:28] Ira son of Ikkesh the Tekoite; Abiezer the Anathothite;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:28] Orai son of Ekkes the Thekoite; Abiezer the Anathothite;
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: The two entries correspond, with Ira/Orai forms.
Verse 11:29 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:29] Sibbecai the Hushathite; Ilai the Ahohite;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:29] Sobochai the Asothite; Eli the Achoite;
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Ilai/Eli and the ethnographic forms differ while both retain two entries.
Verse 11:30 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:30] Maharai the Netophathite; Heled son of Baanah the Netophathite;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:30] Moorai the Netophathite; Cholod son of Nooza the Netophathite;
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: The second warrior's father is Baanah in Hebrew and Nooza in Greek; both men remain Netophathites.
Verse 11:31 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:31] Ithai son of Ribai from Gibeah of Benjamin's sons; Benaiah the Pirathonite;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:31] Aithi son of Ribai from Benjamin's hill; Banaias the Pharathonite;
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Greek translates the settlement expression as Benjamin's hill and omits the sons designation; the two warriors correspond.
Verse 11:32 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:32] Hurai from the wadis of Gaash; Abiel the Arbathite;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:32] Ouri from Nachaligaas; Abiel the Garabeththite;
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Greek carries the Hebrew wadi expression as a composite place-name and gives Garabeththite for Arbathite.
Verse 11:33 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:33] Azmaveth the Baharumite; Eliahba the Shaalbonite;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:33] Azmoth the Beermite; Eliaba the Salabonite;
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: The first warrior's locality has Baharumite/Beermite forms; the second corresponds.
Verse 11:34 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:34] The sons of Hashem the Gizonite; Jonathan son of Shageh the Hararite;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:34] Bennaias; Osom the Gennounite; Jonathan son of Sola the Ararite;
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew has an unnamed plural sons-of-Hashem entry; Greek instead lists Bennaias and Osom separately. Jonathan's father also changes to Sola. The familial structure, not simply transliteration, differs.
Verse 11:35 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:35] Ahiam son of Sachar the Hararite; Eliphal son of Ur;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:35] Achim son of Sachar the Ararite; Elphal son of Our;
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: The paired entries and ancestry correspond, with shorter Greek personal-name forms.
Verse 11:36 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:36] Hepher the Mecherathite; Ahijah the Pelonite;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:36] Ophar the Mochorathite; Achia the Phelonite;
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: The two entries correspond in position and designation, with differing name forms.
Verse 11:37 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:37] Hezro the Carmelite; Naarai son of Ezbai;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:37] Eserai the Charmalite; Naarai son of Azobai;
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hezro/Eserai differs substantially in form; the second ancestry corresponds.
Verse 11:38 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:38] Joel, Nathan's brother; Mibhar son of Hagri;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:38] Joel, Nathan's brother; Mebaar son of Agari;
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The brother relationship and second ancestry correspond.
Verse 11:39 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:39] Zelek the Ammonite; Nahrai the Beerothite, armor bearer of Joab son of Zeruiah;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:39] Selek the Ammonite; Nachor the Berthite, carrying the equipment of Joab son of Sarouia;
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: The attendant's name is Nahrai/Nachor; his service to Joab corresponds.
Verse 11:40 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:40] Ira the Ithrite; Gareb the Ithrite;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:40] Ira the Jetherite; Gareb the Jetherite;
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: Both entries and their shared affiliation correspond.
Verse 11:41 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:41] Uriah the Hittite; Zabad son of Ahlai;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:41] Uriah the Chettite; Zabet son of Achlia;
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The two entries correspond.
Verse 11:42 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:42] Adina son of Shiza the Reubenite, head of the Reubenites, with thirty alongside him;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:42] Adina son of Saiza of Reuben, a ruler, with thirty alongside him;
Classification & Notes
Divergent. Text: Greek lacks the repeated explicit identification of the ruler as head of the Reubenites; both retain thirty with him.
Verse 11:43 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:43] Hanan son of Maacah; Joshaphat the Mithnite;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:43] Anan son of Moocha; Josaphat the Baithanite;
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: The second warrior's designation is Mithnite/Baithanite.
Verse 11:44 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:44] Uzzia the Ashterathite; Shama and Jeuel, sons of Hotham the Aroerite;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:44] Ozia the Astarothite; Samma and Jiiel, sons of Chothan the Ararite;
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: The father and his designation differ, Hotham the Aroerite/Chothan the Ararite. Hebrew Jeuel follows the displayed written form; the reading Jeiel is separately displayed in [R2].
Verse 11:45 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:45] Jediael son of Shimri; Joha his brother, the Tizite;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:45] Jediel son of Sameri; Joazae his brother, the Jeasite;
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: The brother's name and designation have Joha the Tizite/Joazae the Jeasite forms; the sibling link agrees.
Verse 11:46 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:46] Eliel the Mahavite; Jeribai and Joshaviah, sons of Elnaam; Ithmah the Moabite;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:46] Eliel the Miite; Jaribi and Josia his son; Elnaam; Jethema the Moabite;
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew makes Jeribai and Joshaviah sons of Elnaam; Greek makes Josia the son of the preceding man and lists Elnaam separately. The changed parentage is retained; the exact Greek antecedent is provisionally Jaribi.
Verse 11:47 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[11:47] Eliel, Obed, and Jaasiel the Mezobaite.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[11:47] Aliel, Obed, and Jesiel the Misabite.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: The three final entries correspond, with differing name and locality forms.