2 Chronicles — Hebrew and Greek compared
Choose a chapter to explore the source readings and their notes. Original references, source labels, and review records are retained.
Source guide and review record
Saints Translation: 2 Chronicles
Chapters 1–36 • Version 1 • Sep 8, 2026
Reader’s guide
Complete working translation draft: all thirty-six chapters independently authored in English from directly read BHS Hebrew and Rahlfs–Hanhart Greek publisher main texts. Every displayed source unit is accounted for, including twelve Greek additions and one Hebrew verse without a Greek counterpart. A second AI agent conducted the specifically recorded targeted review; this is not a complete independent scholarly or critical-apparatus review.
The two English columns translate their declared ancient sources independently. Rabbinic Priority and Saints Priority identify the interpretation traditions consulted; later reception remains in attributed notes. The source register distinguishes original-language running text, commentary, and published translations of reception works.
Source basis and review scope
Hebrew: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, Elliger–Rudolph, fifth corrected edition by Schenker (1997), publisher main-text presentation. Greek: Rahlfs–Hanhart Septuaginta, second revised edition (2006), publisher main-text presentation. The producing translator read all thirty-six chapters in each source. The second AI agent performed the targeted source and citation review recorded in the appendices. No full critical apparatus or manuscript collation is claimed.
Numbering and alignment
Navigation follows the displayed BHS and Rahlfs–Hanhart source numbers. Both source editions include 1:18 in chapter one, corresponding to common English 2:1. Keep later chapter-boundary differences explicit; do not duplicate that unit in chapter two. Source 2:1–17 correspond to common English 2:2–18. Chapter three returns to the familiar numbering. All source units in both columns are accounted for once. The sources place Abijah’s death and Asa’s initial peace at 13:23 (= common English 14:1). Source 14:1–14 corresponds to common English 14:2–15; chapter 15 resumes matching chapter-and-verse numbering. Greek 27:8 is absent: its source numbering passes from 27:7 to 27:9. The Hebrew repeated accession notice is shown once with an explicit Greek absence cell. Greek 35:19a–d and 36:2a–c, 4a, 5a–d are twelve separately numbered additional units, each given its own row with an explicit Hebrew absence. Greek 33:18–19 and 35:18–19 retain sentences continuing across source verse boundaries. Reference labels represent the displayed source editions, not a harmonized English versification.
Comparison key
Same — Corresponding meaning and content.
Similar — The essentials agree, with a modest difference in expression or emphasis.
Different — A meaningful difference in a particular detail, name, number, action, participant, or image.
Divergent — Added, omitted, or substantially rearranged material governs the comparison.
Disparate — A major difference in meaning or consequence; strict contradiction is not required.
One governing category is assigned to each comparison row. Pale category colors appear only in the notes column; both translation columns remain neutral.
Sources, Method & Decisions
Source register
This register records the producing translator’s actual source access, with the targeted second-agent review stated separately below. The publisher identifies copyrighted modern BHS and Rahlfs–Hanhart editions; these independent English translations concern ancient running texts and reproduce no modern critical apparatus.
[H] Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, edited by Karl Elliger and Wilhelm Rudolph; fifth corrected edition edited by Adrian Schenker (1997). Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft publisher presentation, Chronica II.
Accessed Sep 8, 2026 • Direct publisher Hebrew main text; no apparatus. Chapters 1–36, every displayed publisher running main text read directly before translation; actual chapter URLs in the chapter-source register. No critical-apparatus collation.
[G] Septuaginta, edited by Alfred Rahlfs; second revised edition edited by Robert Hanhart (2006). Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft publisher presentation, Paralipomenon II.
Accessed Sep 8, 2026 • Direct indexed publisher Greek main text; no apparatus. Chapters 1–36, every displayed publisher running main text read directly before translation; actual chapter URLs in the chapter-source register. No critical-apparatus collation.
[R1] Commentary presented as Rashi on 2 Chronicles 6, Chabad.org
Accessed Sep 8, 2026 • Direct commentary page. Notes on 6:1 and 6:18 read in Hebrew and English; displayed Hebrew 6:42 checked for the singular anointed form. No independent attribution or apparatus review.
[S1] Saint Augustine, Confessions I.2–3, New Advent English text
Accessed Sep 8, 2026 • Direct published translation of patristic primary work. Sections I.2–3 read in their opening-book context; thematic note on divine indwelling and incomprehensibility at 2 Chronicles 6:18. Latin not collated.
[R2] Commentary presented as Rashi on 2 Chronicles 11, Chabad.org
Accessed Sep 8, 2026 • Complete indexed publisher commentary page. Notes on 11:4, 11:18 and 11:23 read; explicit bat reading and ban written form at 11:18 verified in the displayed Hebrew.
[S2] Saint John Chrysostom, Homily on Matthew 74.2, New Advent English text
Accessed Sep 8, 2026 • Direct published translation of patristic primary work. Section two read in homily context: competing identifications of Matthew’s Zechariah, including Jehoiada’s son, and the outrage of killing in a holy place. Greek original not collated.
[R3] Commentary presented as Rashi on 2 Chronicles 34, Chabad.org
Accessed Sep 8, 2026 • Direct commentary page, Hebrew and published English. Displayed Hebrew and commentary at 34:3–16 read; notes use comments at 34:3,4,6,14 and the explicit written/read display at 34:9. No independent authorship attribution or full apparatus review.
Chapter source register
All chapter sources were accessed on Sep 8, 2026. Complete ancient running texts were read by the producing translator. Each link names the actual route used; alternate selector routes are explained where applicable.
Chapter 1 primary texts
Chapter 2 primary texts
Chapter 3 primary texts
Chapter 4 primary texts
Chapter 5 primary texts
Chapter 6 primary texts
Chapter 7 primary texts
Chapter 8 primary texts
Chapter 9 primary texts
Chapter 10 primary texts
Chapter 11 primary texts
Chapter 12 primary texts
Chapter 13 primary texts
Chapter 14 primary texts
Chapter 15 primary texts
Complete BHS and Rahlfs–Hanhart LXX main texts read. Publisher parallel-selector URL recovered chapter 15 LXX; the page explicitly states the LXXA selection is unavailable. No alternate recension was supplied or conflated.
Chapter 16 primary texts
Chapter 17 primary texts
Chapter 18 primary texts
Chapter 19 primary texts
Chapter 20 primary texts
Chapter 21 primary texts
Chapter 22 primary texts
Chapter 23 primary texts
Chapter 24 primary texts
Chapter 25 primary texts
Chapter 26 primary texts
Chapter 27 primary texts
Chapter 28 primary texts
Complete displayed Hebrew main text read as unnumbered sequential paragraphs, aligned to its twenty-seven verse-ending units; complete numbered Greek 1–27 read. No apparatus collation.
Chapter 29 primary texts
Chapter 30 primary texts
Chapter 31 primary texts
Chapter 32 primary texts
Chapter 33 primary texts
Chapter 34 primary texts
Chapter 35 primary texts
Chapter 36 primary texts
Contextual term record
יהוה / κύριος — YHWH / Lord
Use the title actually present; retain God and capitalize clear divine pronouns.
אהל מועד / σκηνὴ μαρτυρίου — Tent of Meeting / Tent of Testimony
Preserve the distinct designations.
מדה and Greek measurement terminology — source-specific ancient units
No modern conversions or unnamed denominations inserted into the running text.
כּוֹר / κόρος; בַּת / μέτρον — kor; bath / measure
2:9 preserves four quantities of twenty thousand with the source-specific grain and liquid labels; metron does not name the Hebrew bath.
דביר / δαβιρ; שרשרות / σερσερωθ — inner sanctuary / dabir; chains / serseroth
3:16 keeps the Greek borrowed forms distinct from its own hanging-ornament term.
יכין / Κατόρθωσις; בעז / Ἰσχύς — Jachin / Establishment; Boaz / Strength
3:17 preserves Greek semantic names rather than replacing them with the Hebrew names.
hilas-/hileos — be propitious
The Greek prayer formulas in chapter 6 and 7:14 ask for propitious favor where Hebrew often explicitly asks forgiveness; the related terms are not flattened into identical English.
manaa — manaa
Greek borrowed offering designation at 7:7, corresponding to Hebrew grain offering.
algummim / peukina — algum wood / pinewood
Keep distinct wood designations at 9:10–11; the Hebrew species remains uncertain.
צרעת / λέπρα — leprosy
Ancient textual disease category in chapter 26; the translation does not identify it with a modern diagnosis.
כפר / ἐξιλάσκομαι — make atonement / make propitiation
Keep source-specific constructions, especially the Greek repeated propitiation verb at 29:24 and the prayer at 30:18.
פסח / φασεχ — Passover / phasek
The Greek borrowed festival designation is retained in chapters 30 and 35.
חמנים / ὑψηλά — incense altars / high places
The difference is explicit in chapter 34; R3’s solar-image interpretation of the Hebrew is reported separately.
חוֹזָי / τῶν ὁρώντων — Hozai / of the seers
33:19 retains the displayed Hebrew form provisionally as a name; do not erase the lexical question.
θαραφιν; καρασιμ — tharaphin; karasim
Greek borrowed forms in the added 35:19a; precise referents remain open rather than confidently equated with modern object categories.
Πέρσαι / Μῆδοι — Persians / Medes
36:20 retains Hebrew Persia against Greek Medes; both texts subsequently name Cyrus king of Persia at 36:22.
Recognizable-name record
The following former Greek-column transliterations were changed to recognizable names only for the explicitly identified figures and passages. Substantive alternative names and uncertain identities remain distinct; in particular Amasias and Ezekias in the separate 28:12 genealogy were not included in these replacements.
Abia → Abijah
Affected references: 11:20; 11:22; 12:16; 13:1; 13:2; 13:3; 13:4; 13:15; 13:17; 13:19; 13:20; 13:21; 13:22; 13:23.
Achaz → Ahaz
Affected references: 27:9; 28:1; 28:16; 28:19; 28:21; 28:24; 28:27; 29:19.
Amasias → Amaziah
Affected references: 24:27; 25:1; 25:5; 25:9; 25:10; 25:11; 25:13; 25:14; 25:15; 25:17; 25:18; 25:20; 25:21; 25:23; 25:25; 25:26; 25:27; 26:1; 26:4.
Baasa → Baasha
Affected references: 16:1; 16:3; 16:5; 16:6.
Ezekias → Hezekiah
Affected references: 28:27; 29:1; 29:18; 29:20; 29:27; 29:30; 29:31; 29:36; 30:1; 30:18; 30:20; 30:22; 30:24; 31:2; 31:8; 31:9; 31:11; 31:13; 31:20.
Gotholia → Athaliah
Affected references: 22:2; 22:10; 22:11; 22:12; 23:12; 23:13; 23:21; 24:7.
Joakim → Jehoiakim
Affected references: 36:4; 36:5; Greek 36:5d; 36:8.
Joas → Joash
Affected references: 18:25; 22:11; 24:1; 24:2; 24:4; 24:6; 24:21; 24:22; 24:24; 25:17; 25:18; 25:21; 25:23; 25:25.
Joatham → Jotham
Affected references: 26:21; 26:23; 27:1; 27:6; 27:7; 27:9.
Jodae → Jehoiada
Affected references: 22:11; 23:1; 23:8; 23:11; 23:14; 23:16; 23:18; 24:2; 24:3; 24:6; 24:12; 24:14; 24:15; 24:17; 24:20; 24:22; 24:25.
Josaphat → Jehoshaphat
Affected references: 17:1; 17:3; 17:5; 17:10; 17:11; 17:12.
Nechao → Neco
Affected references: 35:20; 35:22; Greek 36:2c; 36:4; Greek 36:4a.
Ochozias → Ahaziah
Affected references: 20:35; 20:37; 21:17; 22:1; 22:2; 22:6; 22:7; 22:8; 22:9; 22:10; 22:11.
Ozias → Uzziah
Affected references: 26:1; 26:3; 26:8; 26:9; 26:11; 26:14; 26:18; 26:19; 26:21; 26:22; 26:23; 27:2.
Roboam → Rehoboam
Affected references: 9:31; 10:1; 10:3; 10:6; 10:12; 10:13; 10:17; 10:18; 11:1; 11:3; 11:5; 11:17; 11:18; 11:21; 11:22; 12:1; 12:2; 12:5; 12:10; 12:13; 12:15; 12:16; 13:7.
Ju → Jehu
Affected references: 19:2; 20:34; 22:7; 22:8; 22:9; 25:17.
Ambri → Omri
Affected references: 22:2.
Azael → Hazael
Affected references: 22:5; 22:6.
Josabeth → Jehoshabeath
Affected references: 22:11.
Maacha → Maacah
Affected references: 11:20; 11:21; 11:22; 13:2; 15:16.
Abessalom → Absalom
Affected references: 11:20; 11:21.
Aiman → Heman
Affected references: 5:12; 29:14; 35:15.
Idithon → Jeduthun
Affected references: 29:14; 35:15.
Material decisions
1. Sep 8, 2026: Continue the completed 1 Chronicles workflow under the updated reference guide; independently author both English columns from the actual ancient main texts.
2. Sep 8, 2026: Preserve the written Hebrew placing verb at 1:5 and the difficult to-the-high-place construction at 1:13; no undocumented qere or emendation adopted.
3. 11:18: Adopt the explicitly verified bat (daughter) reading in R2, documenting BHS running ban (son); this is a local written/read exception, not a programmatic normalization. Coordinate Abihail as a second woman, with the alternative parentage syntax remaining open.
4. Use the actual displayed source numbering throughout, including chapter-boundary shifts, absent Greek 27:8, and twelve Greek additional units in chapters 35–36; never create Hebrew reconstructions for Greek additions.
5. Preserve major numerical differences, including 11:21 sixty/thirty concubines; 14:7 two-hundred-eighty/two-hundred-fifty thousand Benjaminites; 16:1 and 16:13 differing years; 22:2 age forty-two/twenty; 28:8 two-hundred/three-hundred thousand captives; and 36:9 age eight/eighteen.
6. Retain difficult but visible readings, including Greek 22:7 without a supplied destruction verb, 24:27 five attackers instead of Hebrew oracles and rebuilding, 33:17 without the Hebrew sacrificing verb, and 36:5d the Lord did not wish to destroy them.
7. 34:6 retains the displayed Hebrew split mountain-of-their-houses construction with an explicit lexical question. 34:9 adopts the explicitly verified returned reading shown in R3, documenting the unusual written form; no undocumented blanket qere policy is applied.
8. Reception notes cite only actually consulted passages. R1–R3 are presented as commentary attributed to Rashi by their publisher; S1 and S2 are read in published English, without claiming Latin/Greek collation or a comprehensive reception survey.
9. Classification totals count affected comparison rows. One variation may affect adjacent rows; totals are not counts of unique textual variants.
10. Sep 8, 2026: Apply the guide’s recognizable-name convention to the explicitly listed identical figures; record former transliterations and every affected reference. Preserve substantive alternatives, including Greek Azarias versus Hebrew Zechariah, Greek Ahaziah versus Hebrew Jehoahaz/Azariah, Joel versus Jeddoi, and Amasias/Ezekias in the distinct 28:12 genealogy.
11. The exposed native API does not provide a verified dynamic page-number insertion; this formatting limitation is disclosed and no static imitation page numbers are inserted.
Open questions and review limits
1. Qualified independent Hebrew/Greek scholarly review, critical-apparatus collation, and broader verified reception research remain outstanding. The recorded targeted second-agent review does not establish full-book linguistic accuracy.
2. 1:5 Hebrew written placing verb and its unstated agent; 1:13 to/from high-place reading; 1:16 Kue or collection/trading expression require direct written/read and lexical review.
3. 2:7 Hebrew cypress/algum botanical identifications and Greek juniper/pine; 2:9 baths/metra relationship; 2:12 the honorific or genealogical force of my father require further study.
4. 3:1 shown-site versus explicit Lord appearance; 3:2 implicit second day; 3:4 the one-hundred-twenty-cubit height; 3:8 added Greek cherubim phrase; 3:9 nail-weight scope; and 3:10 rare workmanship term remain explicitly documented questions.
5. 4:3 ten per cubit versus Greek ten cubits, the Greek casting syntax, and 4:5 baths/metretes require further metrological review.
6. 4:12–17 borrowed Greek architectural terms, golden bells/pomegranates, rare tool names, and the Sokchoth/Sirdatha construction remain uncertain.
7. 4:21–22 the differing equipment placement and compressed Greek door phrase are retained by source verse rather than harmonized.
8. 6:42: The publisher BHS running display reads משיחיך (plural form), while Chabad’s displayed Hebrew reads משיחך and Greek has singular anointed one. Preserve the selected display pending verification against the printed BHS text and apparatus; no emendation made.
9. 9:15–16: Hebrew leaves the gold unit unstated; Greek uses gold pieces without a securely identified denomination. Do not add shekels or a modern unit without an explicit decision.
10. 9:29: The selected Hebrew running text displays Jeddoi; Greek names Joel. Printed BHS and apparatus review remains outstanding for the Hebrew written/read form.
11. 8:16: Hebrew up to the day of foundation is awkward beside the subsequent until completion; Greek has a clear from–until construction. Retained without emendation.
12. 11:18–19: The unmarked relation of Abihail to Mahalath and the singular mother in 11:19 remain difficult. Coordination is used and stated; no unseen genealogy is supplied.
13. 11:23: Hebrew dispersal and Greek increase above the sons have materially different sense; the Greek unstated subject and the object of seeking wives need independent linguistic review.
14. 13:12: Greek has no negative before you will fight; a rhetorical question may express the warning, but a negative has not been supplied.
15. 14:4–5: Greek walled cities follows a peace-making verb without Hebrew’s building verb; retain the incomplete syntax pending expert review.
16. 14:14: Greek Amazonians beside tents of possessions has uncertain referent and attachment; no confident identification with legendary Amazons.
17. 15:8: The prophetic name differs from 15:1 in both columns; no silent Azariah son of insertion.
18. 16:1,13: Preserve the Hebrew thirty-sixth and forty-first years against Greek thirty-eighth and thirty-ninth; chronology is not harmonized.
19. 18:29 and 18:33: Greek my clothing, accurate shot, and lung/breastplate differ from the Hebrew; review the military terminology and agency without harmonization.
20. 20:1,2,16,25: Ammonites/Minaeans, Aram/Syria, differing geographical forms, and the Hebrew corpses within the plunder list remain source-grounded readings requiring further lexical and apparatus review.
21. 21:19 Greek two days against Hebrew two years; 22:2 age forty-two/twenty; 22:7 Greek missing destruction clause; 24:20 Zechariah/Azarias and 24:27 five attackers need expert review of the exact editions.
22. 24:26 ethnic and gender attachment; 25:8 the compressed Hebrew warning; 25:24 sons of the mixed company; 26:21 apphousoth; and 28:10 Greek first-person divine witness require further lexical and syntactic assessment.
23. 29:7 Greek holy-place/holy-God attachment; 29:24 repeated Greek propitiation construction; 30:24 holy things versus consecrated priests; and 31:18 holy-place versus self-consecration should receive independent linguistic review.
24. 32:5 Hebrew went up upon the towers and 32:28 flocks for stalls retain difficult displayed wording; 33:14 Greek gateway construction and 33:17 its verbal omissions remain unresolved rather than reconstructed.
25. 34:6 split mountain/houses reading; 34:11 tetrapedoi stone dimensions; 34:22 Huldah’s Greek wardrobe role; and 35:15 plural royal prophets warrant further review.
26. 35:19a Greek tharaphin/karasim and its burning objects; 36:4a each as an exacting subject; 36:5b raiding-group and withdrawal attachment; 36:5d named Joakim and unwillingness to destroy; and 36:17 sanctuary-pronoun reference remain documented questions.
27. The listed major figures now use recognizable names consistently where identity is clear. Further review of remaining rare personal and place-name forms should preserve substantive identity, genealogy, and geographical differences.
Coverage and classification totals
Complete coverage: 822 Hebrew verses; 833 Greek displayed units; 834 comparison rows. Twelve rows have no Hebrew counterpart; one Hebrew row has no numbered Greek counterpart. Every source reference occurs once. Counts establish coverage, not linguistic accuracy.
Chapter 1: Hebrew 18; Greek 18; comparison rows 18.
Chapter 2: Hebrew 17; Greek 17; comparison rows 17.
Chapter 3: Hebrew 17; Greek 17; comparison rows 17.
Chapter 4: Hebrew 22; Greek 22; comparison rows 22.
Chapter 5: Hebrew 14; Greek 14; comparison rows 14.
Chapter 6: Hebrew 42; Greek 42; comparison rows 42.
Chapter 7: Hebrew 22; Greek 22; comparison rows 22.
Chapter 8: Hebrew 18; Greek 18; comparison rows 18.
Chapter 9: Hebrew 31; Greek 31; comparison rows 31.
Chapter 10: Hebrew 19; Greek 19; comparison rows 19.
Chapter 11: Hebrew 23; Greek 23; comparison rows 23.
Chapter 12: Hebrew 16; Greek 16; comparison rows 16.
Chapter 13: Hebrew 23; Greek 23; comparison rows 23.
Chapter 14: Hebrew 14; Greek 14; comparison rows 14.
Chapter 15: Hebrew 19; Greek 19; comparison rows 19.
Chapter 16: Hebrew 14; Greek 14; comparison rows 14.
Chapter 17: Hebrew 19; Greek 19; comparison rows 19.
Chapter 18: Hebrew 34; Greek 34; comparison rows 34.
Chapter 19: Hebrew 11; Greek 11; comparison rows 11.
Chapter 20: Hebrew 37; Greek 37; comparison rows 37.
Chapter 21: Hebrew 20; Greek 20; comparison rows 20.
Chapter 22: Hebrew 12; Greek 12; comparison rows 12.
Chapter 23: Hebrew 21; Greek 21; comparison rows 21.
Chapter 24: Hebrew 27; Greek 27; comparison rows 27.
Chapter 25: Hebrew 28; Greek 28; comparison rows 28.
Chapter 26: Hebrew 23; Greek 23; comparison rows 23.
Chapter 27: Hebrew 9; Greek 8; comparison rows 9.
Chapter 28: Hebrew 27; Greek 27; comparison rows 27.
Chapter 29: Hebrew 36; Greek 36; comparison rows 36.
Chapter 30: Hebrew 27; Greek 27; comparison rows 27.
Chapter 31: Hebrew 21; Greek 21; comparison rows 21.
Chapter 32: Hebrew 33; Greek 33; comparison rows 33.
Chapter 33: Hebrew 25; Greek 25; comparison rows 25.
Chapter 34: Hebrew 33; Greek 33; comparison rows 33.
Chapter 35: Hebrew 27; Greek 31; comparison rows 31.
Chapter 36: Hebrew 23; Greek 31; comparison rows 31.
Different: 434 • Disparate: 21 • Divergent: 76 • Same: 153 • Similar: 150. These are affected alignment-row counts, not counts of unique textual variants.
Disparate index
11:16 — Hebrew describes people following the Levites in seeking God; Greek explicitly introduces expulsion from the tribes. This changes the stated agency and cause of the movement, even though both groups reach Jerusalem to sacrifice.
11:23 — Hebrew describes prudent dispersal of royal sons and provisions given to them; Greek describes someone increasing above the sons and uses a feminine object for provisions, referring to the cities. The opening Greek subject is not named afresh; its relation to Rehoboam and Abijah needs review. Neither column adds for them to the request for wives. Rabbinic: The commentary presented as Rashi understands the Hebrew dispersal as scattering the sons across Judah [R2].
12:10 — Hebrew has Rehoboam entrust replacement shields to his own guard commanders. Greek explicitly introduces Sousakim appointing commanders over him, changing the agent and the political relationship; this is not harmonized away.
12:11 — Hebrew describes carrying and returning the shields to a guardroom. Greek instead lists guards, runners, and people returning to meet runners; it contains neither the carrying of shields nor their storage. The difficult Greek sequence is retained.
14:6 — Hebrew repeats we sought and then narrates they built and prospered. Greek explicitly says He sought us and keeps the prospering within the king’s speech as a divine action. The change of subject in seeking and the added reciprocal divine seeking are preserved.
15:16 — Hebrew removes Maacah from the royal office because of an Asherah image; Greek removes her from religious service to Astarte. Greek lacks the separate crushing action and does not name Asa here. Mother is retained in both without replacing it by grandmother through genealogical harmonization.
18:29 — Hebrew tells Jehoshaphat to wear his own robes; Greek makes them Ahab's clothing. Hebrew ends with both entering, Greek with the Israelite king alone as grammatical subject.
18:33 — Hebrew describes unknowing or unpremeditated shooting; Greek says with accurate aim. The wound location also differs, joints and armor versus lung and breastplate; neither is silently anatomically repaired.
19:2 — Hebrew speaks of people who hate YHWH; Greek reverses the relation to someone hated by the Lord. The messenger is seer in Hebrew, prophet in Greek.
20:22 — Hebrew introduces ambushers against all three hostile groups. Greek instead explicitly makes Ammon attack Moab and Seir; no unnamed ambushers appear.
21:17 — Hebrew includes wives among the captives; Greek has daughters. The remaining son's names, Jehoahaz and Ahaziah, are retained rather than harmonized. Greek Ochozias is rendered by its recognizable form Ahaziah; the Hebrew Jehoahaz remains distinct.
22:9 — The captured king is hiding in Hebrew but receiving medical treatment in Greek. Hebrew has a plural killing agent, Greek a singular one; both explain the burial through Jehoshaphat's piety.
23:14 — Hebrew orders death for anyone following Athaliah and sends her beyond the ranks; Greek commands the officers to follow her outside the house and speaks of her death. Greek also makes the priest himself go out.
23:20 — Hebrew brings the king down from the sanctuary; Greek brings him up into it before the palace entry. Commanders become ancestral rulers, and the Upper Gate becomes the Inner Gate.
24:27 — Greek connects all his sons with the preceding attackers and mentions five coming against him. Hebrew instead lists sons, numerous oracles, and sanctuary work as topics in a royal exposition. The Greek has no corresponding oracle or building notice; its pronoun and five remain unexplained.
28:10 — Hebrew confronts the captors with their own guilt; Greek instead has the prophet declare his presence as a witness to their God. The Greek does not reproduce the direct guilt question.
34:22 — The Hebrew masculine keeper identifies the husband; the Greek feminine participle identifies Huldah as keeping the robes, changing the holder of the office. The Greek supplies the king’s speaking verb, has Chelles for Hasrah, and transliterates the district name Masana.
34:33 — The Greek explicitly includes Jerusalem and ends with singular he and his fathers, evaluating the king. The Hebrew ends with plural they and their fathers, evaluating the people’s continued allegiance during his lifetime.
35:25 — The Hebrew identifies male and female singers; the Greek identifies male and female rulers, changing the people assigned the lamenting role. The Hebrew also has their laments and a plural ordinance object, while the Greek has one lament.
36:17 — The Greek names Zedekiah where the Hebrew has the young man, shifts to plural attackers, and describes elders being carried away rather than included in the unspared groups. The Hebrew has their sanctuary and his hand; the Greek has his sanctuary and their hands. The antecedent of the Greek sanctuary pronoun is not made certain by capitalization.
36:20 — The Hebrew explicitly identifies survivors of the sword and ends the servitude with Persia’s reign. The Greek gives the kingdom of the Medes, a materially different dynastic endpoint.
Version and review record
Initial translation • Sep 8, 2026
Direct complete reading of all thirty-six Hebrew and thirty-six Greek publisher chapters before independently authoring each English column
Per-row comparison notes and explicit source absence/addition handling
Exact ordered source-reference reconciliation for all thirty-six chapters
Required fields, categories, unique references, absence labels, spelled quantities and reception-source codes checked
Source-register actual chapter routes reconciled; selective stated reception passages actually consulted
Targeted second-agent review • Sep 8, 2026
Targeted second-agent review of difficult readings, additions, selected passages, cited reception, recognizable names, and structure; not a complete second translation or full-book linguistic audit.
Hebrew main text reviewed: 1:1–18, focused on 1:5,13; 6:1–42, focused on 6:18,42; 11:1–23, focused on 11:18–23; 22:1–12, focused on 22:2,6–12; 34:1–33, focused on 34:6,9.
Greek main text reviewed: 11:1–23, focused on 11:18–23; 16:1–14, focused on regnal years; 22:1–12; 24:1–27; 25:1–28, focused on named figures and military clauses; 27:1–7,9; confirmed absent 27:8; 29:1–36, focused on named figures and cultic syntax; 35:1–27 including 19a–d; 36:1–23 including 2a–c,4a,5a–d.
R1: 6:1,18; R2: 11:4,18,23; R3: 34:3,4,6,9,14, in displayed Hebrew and English
S1: Confessions I.2–3 and S2: Homily on Matthew 74.2, published English; originals not collated
Confirmed selected unusual source readings and all twelve Greek additions. Standardized the listed recognizable names while retaining substantive alternatives and unresolved lexical questions.
Not claimed
Independent qualified human scholarly review or a complete second linguistic audit
Book-specific critical-apparatus or manuscript collation
Comprehensive rabbinic or patristic reception survey