Joshua 14 — Hebrew and Greek compared
Each card keeps the independently rendered source readings above their shared comparison and reception notes. The badge records the source’s governing classification; disparate readings are marked in red. Each reading retains its original reference.
Joshua 14
Caleb’s persevering faith: holding fast to Christ’s promise
Editorial Christian reading: Caleb’s confidence and endurance invite comparison with holding fast to hope in Hebrews 3:6, 14. Justin reads Joshua’s distribution of land as a type of Christ’s enduring gift [JUS, §113].
14:1–5 | The western inheritance apportioned by lot
Verse MT 14:1 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
MT 14:1
These are the inheritances that the sons of Israel received in the land of Canaan, which Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun, and the heads of the ancestral houses of the tribes of the sons of Israel assigned to them.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
LXX 14:1
These are those of the sons of Israel who received an inheritance in the land of Canaan, to whom Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun, and the leaders of the ancestral houses of the tribes of the sons of Israel assigned it.
Classification & Notes
Similar
Text: Hebrew introduces the inheritances; Greek introduces their recipients. The officials correspond.
Verse MT 14:2 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
MT 14:2
Their inheritance was by lot, as YHWH had commanded through Moses for the nine tribes and the half-tribe.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
LXX 14:2
They inherited by lots, as the Lord commanded through Joshua for the nine tribes and the half-tribe,
Classification & Notes
Different
Text: The named mediator of this command is Moses in Hebrew and Joshua in Greek.
Verse MT 14:3 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
MT 14:3
For Moses had given the inheritance of the two tribes and the half-tribe beyond the Jordan, but he gave the Levites no inheritance among them.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
LXX 14:3
from beyond the Jordan. And he gave the Levites no lot among them.
Classification & Notes
Divergent
Text: Greek lacks the explicit account of Moses’ grant to the two-and-a-half tribes and retains a short geographical continuation. It is not expanded from Hebrew.
Verse MT 14:4 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
MT 14:4
For the sons of Joseph were two tribes, Manasseh and Ephraim. They gave the Levites no portion in the land, except cities to live in and their pasturelands for their livestock and their possessions.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
LXX 14:4
For the sons of Joseph were two tribes, Manasseh and Ephraim. No portion in the land was given to the Levites, except cities to live in, their allotted lands for the livestock, and their livestock.
Classification & Notes
Different
Text: Greek ends with livestock rather than the Hebrew broader possessions; its repeated livestock wording is retained.
Verse MT 14:5 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
MT 14:5
As YHWH had commanded Moses, so the sons of Israel did, and they divided the land.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
LXX 14:5
As the Lord had commanded Moses, so the sons of Israel did, and they divided the land.
Classification & Notes
Same
Text: Both name Moses here, despite the difference in verse 2.
14:6–15 | Caleb’s testimony and the grant of Hebron
Verse MT 14:6 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
MT 14:6
The sons of Judah approached Joshua at Gilgal, and Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite said to him, “You know the word that YHWH spoke to Moses the man of God concerning me and you at Kadesh-barnea.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
LXX 14:6
The sons of Judah approached Joshua at Gilgal, and Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite said to him, “You know the word that the Lord spoke to Moses the man of God concerning me and you at Kadesh-barnea.
Classification & Notes
Same
Text: The speakers, location, and recollection of the earlier promise agree.
Verse MT 14:7 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
MT 14:7
I was forty years old when Moses the servant of YHWH sent me from Kadesh-barnea to spy out the land, and I brought him back a report according to what was in my heart.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
LXX 14:7
For I was forty years old when Moses the servant of God sent me from Kadesh-barnea to spy out the land, and I answered him with a report according to his mind.
Classification & Notes
Different
Text: Hebrew has my heart; Greek has his mind, naturally referring to Moses. The shift in whose judgment is expressed is retained.
Verse MT 14:8 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
MT 14:8
My brothers who went up with me made the people’s heart melt, but I followed YHWH my God fully.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
LXX 14:8
My brothers who went up with me turned the people’s heart away, but I committed myself to follow the Lord my God.
Classification & Notes
Similar
Text: Melt/turn away and follow fully/commit oneself express corresponding contrasting responses with distinct images.
Verse MT 14:9 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
MT 14:9
Moses swore on that day, saying, ‘Surely the land on which your foot has trodden shall be an inheritance for you and your sons forever, because you have followed YHWH my God fully.’
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
LXX 14:9
Moses swore on that day, saying, ‘The land on which you have stepped shall be a lot for you and your children forever, because you committed yourself to follow after the Lord our God.’
Classification & Notes
Different
Text: Moses says my God in Hebrew and our God in Greek; the grant and reason otherwise correspond.
Verse MT 14:10 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
MT 14:10
Now look: YHWH has kept me alive, as He said, these forty-five years since YHWH spoke this word to Moses while Israel journeyed in the wilderness. And now, look: today I am eighty-five years old.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
LXX 14:10
Now the Lord has sustained me, as He said. This is the forty-fifth year since the Lord spoke this word to Moses and Israel journeyed in the wilderness. And now, look: today I am eighty-five years old.
Classification & Notes
Same
Text: The elapsed time and Caleb’s age agree.
Rabbinic: Rashi accounts for the forty-five years as thirty-eight remaining wilderness years plus seven years of conquest [R14, 14:10]. This is an interpretive chronology.
Verse MT 14:11 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
MT 14:11
I am still as strong today as on the day Moses sent me; as my strength was then, so my strength is now, for war and for going out and coming in.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
LXX 14:11
I am still strong today, as when Moses sent me; I am just as strong now to go out and come in for war.
Classification & Notes
Similar
Text: Both affirm enduring strength; Hebrew repeats strength and distinguishes war from going out and coming in more fully.
Verse MT 14:12 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
MT 14:12
Now give me this hill country of which YHWH spoke on that day. For you heard on that day that Anakim were there, with great fortified cities. Perhaps YHWH will be with me, and I shall dispossess them, as YHWH said.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
LXX 14:12
Now I ask you for this mountain, as the Lord said on that day, for you heard this word on that day. Now the Anakim are there, with fortified and great cities. If, then, the Lord is with me, I shall destroy them, as the Lord said to me.”
Classification & Notes
Different
Text: Hebrew perhaps and dispossess differ from Greek if and destroy. Greek adds to me in the final promise reference.
Verse MT 14:13 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
MT 14:13
Joshua blessed him and gave Hebron to Caleb son of Jephunneh as an inheritance.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
LXX 14:13
Joshua blessed him and gave Hebron to Caleb son of Jephunneh son of Kenaz as a lot.
Classification & Notes
Different
Text: Greek explicitly adds son of Kenaz; Hebrew does not include that genealogy in this verse.
Saints: Justin contrasts Joshua’s temporary allotment with the enduring inheritance bestowed by Christ after the resurrection [JUS, §113]. This is Christian typology, not a denial that Caleb receives Hebron.
Verse MT 14:14 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
MT 14:14
Therefore Hebron has belonged to Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite as an inheritance to this day, because he followed YHWH, the God of Israel, fully.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
LXX 14:14
Therefore Hebron has belonged to Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite as a lot to this day, because he followed the command of the Lord, the God of Israel.
Classification & Notes
Similar
Text: Hebrew emphasizes wholehearted following; Greek explicitly names the command followed.
Verse MT 14:15 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
MT 14:15
The former name of Hebron was Kiriath-arba; Arba was the greatest man among the Anakim. And the land rested from war.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
LXX 14:15
The former name of Hebron was the city of Arbok; it was the mother-city of the Anakim. And the land grew quiet from war.
Classification & Notes
Different
Text: Hebrew identifies a great man among the Anakim; Greek describes the city as their mother-city. The closing rest statement corresponds.