Ezekiel 38 — Gog’s gathering and the shaking of the land — Hebrew and Greek compared
Disparate in this chapter: 38:7
Each card keeps the independently rendered source readings above their shared comparison and reception notes. The badge records the source’s governing classification; disparate readings are marked in red. Each reading retains its original reference.
Ezekiel 38 — Gog’s gathering and the shaking of the land
38:1–38:9 — Gog and the gathered peoples
Verse 38:1 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:1] YHWH’s word came to me, saying,
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:1] The Lord’s word came to me, saying,
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The word formula agrees.
Verse 38:2 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:2] “Son of man, set your face toward Gog of the land of Magog, chief prince of Meshech and Tubal, and prophesy against him.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:2] “Son of man, set your face firmly against Gog and the land of Magog, ruler of Rhos, Mosoch and Thobel, and prophesy against him,
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew rosh is provisionally read as chief; Greek treats Rhos as a name alongside Mosoch and Thobel. No modern nation is substituted for any ancient designation.
Verse 38:3 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:3] Say, ‘Thus says Lord YHWH: Behold, I am against you, Gog, chief prince of Meshech and Tubal.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:3] and say to him, ‘Thus says the Lord, the Lord: Behold, I am against you, Gog, ruler of Rhos, Mosoch and Thobel,
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Chief-prince versus named Rhos recurs, with the source forms of the other names retained.
Verse 38:4 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:4] I will turn you around, put hooks in your jaws and bring you out with all your army, horses and horsemen, all clothed in splendor, a great assembly with large and small shields, all wielding swords.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:4] and I will gather you and all your force, horses and horsemen all clothed in breastplates, a great assembly, small shields, helmets and swords,
Classification & Notes
Divergent. Text: Greek lacks turning and jaw hooks, gives gathering and breastplates, and replaces Hebrew’s large/small shields with small shields/helmets.
Verse 38:5 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:5] Persia, Cush and Put with them, all with shield and helmet;
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:5] Persians, Ethiopians and Libyans, all with helmets and small shields;
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Greek uses Ethiopians and Libyans for Hebrew Cush and Put. These are ancient geographical designations.
Verse 38:6 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:6] Gomer and all her troops, the house of Togarmah from the far north and all its troops—many peoples with you.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:6] Gomer and all those around him, the house of Thergama from the farthest north and all those around him, and many nations with you.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew troops becomes Greek those around; Togarmah/Thergama retains the source forms.
Verse 38:7 Disparate
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:7] Be ready and prepare yourself, you and all your assembly gathered around you, and be their guard.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:7] Be made ready; prepare yourself, you and all your assembly gathered with you, and you will be a guard for Me.
Classification & Notes
Disparate. Text: Hebrew their guard becomes Greek a guard for Me.
Verse 38:8 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:8] After many days you will be summoned. In the latter years you will come to a land restored from the sword, gathered from many peoples, upon Israel’s mountains that had long been a waste. It was brought out from the peoples, and all of them dwell securely.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:8] After many days he will be prepared, and at the end of years he will come and reach the land turned back from the sword, of those gathered from many nations, upon Israel’s land that had been wholly desolate. This one has come out of nations, and all will dwell in peace.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Greek changes you to he, gives preparation rather than summons, and land rather than mountains. Its this-one pronoun is retained without assigning a new referent.
Verse 38:9 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:9] You will come up; you will come like a storm, be like a cloud covering the land—you, all your troops and many peoples with you.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:9] You will come up like rain and arrive like a cloud to cover the land; there will be you, all those around you and many nations with you.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew storm becomes Greek rain; both preserve the covering-cloud comparison.
38:10–38:13 — The plan to seize plunder
Verse 38:10 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:10] Thus says Lord YHWH: On that day things will rise in your heart, and you will devise an evil plan.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:10] Thus says the Lord, the Lord: On that day words will rise in your heart, and you will devise evil plans,
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew one evil plan becomes Greek plural plans; things becomes words.
Verse 38:11 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:11] You will say, “I will go up against a land of unwalled villages; I will come upon quiet people dwelling securely, all living without walls, without bar or doors,”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:11] and say, “I will go up against an abandoned land; I will come upon those resting quietly and dwelling in peace, all living in a land with no wall or bars, and they have no doors,”
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew unwalled villages becomes Greek abandoned land, while both retain the later wall/bar/door absence.
Verse 38:12 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:12] to take spoil and seize plunder, to turn your hand against inhabited ruins and against a people gathered from nations, acquiring livestock and possessions, dwelling upon the earth’s navel.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:12] to take plunder and strip their spoils, to turn your hand against the desolate land that was inhabited and against a nation gathered from many nations, acquiring possessions, dwelling upon the earth’s navel.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Greek adds many nations and lacks a separate livestock noun; both preserve the navel metaphor.
Verse 38:13 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:13] Sheba, Dedan, Tarshish’s merchants and all her young lions will say to you, “Are you coming to take spoil? Have you gathered your assembly to seize plunder, carry away silver and gold, take livestock and possessions, and seize great spoil?”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:13] Saba, Daidan, Carthaginian merchants and all their villages will say to you, “Are you coming for plunder, to plunder and strip spoils? Have you gathered your assembly to take silver and gold, carry away possessions and strip spoils?”
Classification & Notes
Divergent. Text: Greek has Carthaginian merchants and their villages for Hebrew Tarshish’s merchants and young lions. Greek lacks livestock and the final great.
38:14–38:17 — The latter-days approach
Verse 38:14 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:14] Therefore prophesy, son of man, and say to Gog, Thus says Lord YHWH: On that day when My people Israel dwell securely, will you not know it?
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:14] Therefore prophesy, son of man, and say to Gog, Thus says the Lord: On that day when My people Israel are settled in peace, will you not be roused?
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew knowing becomes Greek being roused.
Verse 38:15 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:15] You will come from your place in the far north, you and many peoples with you, all riding horses, a great assembly and a mighty army.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:15] You will come from your place in the farthest north, with many nations beside you, all horse riders, a great assembly and a mighty force,
Classification & Notes
Same. Text: The northern approach and mounted force correspond.
Verse 38:16 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:16] You will come up against My people Israel like a cloud covering the land. It will be in the latter days; I will bring you against My land so that the nations may know Me when I show Myself holy through you before their eyes, Gog.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:16] and come up against My people Israel like a cloud covering the land. It will be at the end of days; I will bring you against My land so that all the nations may know Me when I am sanctified in you before them.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Greek adds all nations, has passive sanctification and lacks the final Gog address.
Verse 38:17 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:17] Thus says Lord YHWH: Are you the one of whom I spoke in former days through My servants, Israel’s prophets, who prophesied for years in those days that I would bring you against them?
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:17] Thus says the Lord, the Lord, to Gog: You are the one of whom I spoke before the former days through My servants, Israel’s prophets, in those days and years, to bring you against them.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew asks a question and explicitly says the prophets prophesied; Greek declares you are, names Gog here and lacks that separate prophetic participle.
38:18–38:23 — The divine judgment
Verse 38:18 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:18] On that day, on the day Gog comes against Israel’s soil, declares Lord YHWH, My fury will rise in My nostrils.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:18] On that day, on the day Gog comes against Israel’s land, says the Lord, the Lord, My wrath will rise,
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Greek lacks in My nostrils and continues its compound subject into 38:19.
Verse 38:19 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:19] In My jealousy, in the fire of My wrath, I have spoken: Surely on that day there will be a great shaking upon Israel’s soil.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:19] and My jealousy. In the fire of My anger I have spoken: Surely on that day there will be a great shaking upon Israel’s land,
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Greek jealousy completes what rises in 38:18; Hebrew jealousy qualifies God’s speaking.
Verse 38:20 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:20] The sea’s fish, the sky’s birds, the field’s animals, every creeping thing upon the soil and every human upon the earth’s face will shake before Me. The mountains will be demolished, the terraces fall, and every wall fall to the ground.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:20] and the sea’s fish, the sky’s birds, the plain’s beasts, every creeping thing upon the earth and every human upon the earth’s face will shake before the Lord. The mountains will split, the ravines fall, and every wall fall to the ground.
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Hebrew before Me becomes Greek before the Lord. Demolished mountains and terraces becomes split mountains and ravines.
Verse 38:21 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:21] I will summon a sword against him upon all My mountains, declares Lord YHWH. Each man’s sword will be against his brother.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:21] I will summon every fear against him, says the Lord. A man’s sword will be against his brother.
Classification & Notes
Divergent. Text: Hebrew sword upon all My mountains becomes Greek every fear; the mutual sword attack remains.
Verse 38:22 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:22] I will enter judgment with him through pestilence and blood. I will rain overflowing rain, hailstones, fire and sulfur upon him, his troops and the many peoples with him.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:22] I will judge him with death, blood, flooding rain and hailstones. I will rain fire and sulfur upon him, all those with him and the many nations with him.
Classification & Notes
Similar. Text: Hebrew pestilence becomes Greek death, and rain/hail belong to the first Greek judgment clause rather than its second raining clause.
Verse 38:23 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
[38:23] I will show My greatness and holiness and make Myself known before many nations’ eyes, and they will know that I am YHWH.’”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
[38:23] I will be magnified, sanctified, glorified and made known before many nations, and they will know that I am the Lord.’”
Classification & Notes
Different. Text: Greek adds glorified and uses passive forms for the divine manifestation.