
Proverbs 10 — Proverbs of Solomon: righteousness, work, and speech — Hebrew and Greek compared
Disparate in this chapter: H 10:5, H 10:12, H 10:18
Each card keeps the independently rendered source readings above their shared comparison and reception notes. The badge records the source’s governing classification; disparate readings are marked in red. Each reading retains its original reference.
Proverbs 10 — Proverbs of Solomon: righteousness, work, and speech
10:1–10:9 — Wise conduct and its fruits
Verse H 10:1 Divergent
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:1
Proverbs of Solomon.
A wise son makes a father glad,
but a foolish son is his mother's grief.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:1
A wise son makes a father glad,
but a foolish son is grief to his mother.
Comparison and reception
Divergent. Text: H includes the collection heading 'Proverbs of Solomon'; no corresponding heading appears in the displayed G entry.
Verse H 10:2 Different
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:2
Treasures of wickedness do not profit,
but righteousness rescues from death.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:2
Treasures will not profit lawless people,
but righteousness will rescue from death.
Comparison and reception
Different. Text: H qualifies the treasures as wicked; G makes lawless people the ones not benefited.
Verse H 10:3 Different
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:3
YHWH will not let a righteous person's life go hungry,
but He thrusts away the craving of the wicked.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:3
The Lord will not starve a righteous life,
but He will overturn the life of the impious.
Comparison and reception
Different. Text: H names the wicked's craving, G their life. The statements remain proverbial claims, not added guarantees about every individual case.
Verse H 10:4 Different
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:4
One who works with a slack palm becomes poor,
but the hand of the diligent makes rich.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:4
Poverty humbles a man,
but the hands of the courageous make rich.
Comparison and reception
Different. Text: H attributes poverty to slack work; G describes poverty's humiliating effect. G andreioi denotes courageous or vigorous people rather than H's diligent ones.
Verse 10:4a Divergent
Hebrew–English (H)
H —
[No corresponding text in the displayed Hebrew main text.]
Greek–English (G)
G 10:4a
A disciplined son will be wise,
and he will use the foolish one as a servant.
Comparison and reception
Divergent. Text: G adds a saying about the disciplined son and the fool's service; no corresponding H entry is displayed.
Verse H 10:5 Disparate
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:5
One who gathers in summer is a prudent son;
one who sleeps deeply at harvest is a son who brings shame.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:5
An intelligent son was preserved from scorching heat,
but a lawless son is ruined by wind at harvest.
Comparison and reception
Disparate. Text: H contrasts timely gathering and sleeping; G describes preservation from heat and destruction by wind. The agricultural outcomes are not turned into the same actions.
Verse H 10:6 Different
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:6
Blessings are upon the head of the righteous,
but violence covers the mouth of the wicked.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:6
The Lord's blessing is upon the head of the righteous,
but untimely mourning will cover the mouth of the impious.
Comparison and reception
Different. Text: H's second clause can alternatively mean the wicked mouth conceals violence; the chosen subject is violence. G names untimely mourning and explicitly attributes the blessing to the Lord.
Verse H 10:7 Similar
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:7
The memory of the righteous is a blessing,
but the name of the wicked will rot.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:7
The memory of righteous people is with praises,
but the name of the impious is extinguished.
Comparison and reception
Similar. Text: The positive remembrance agrees; the negative image is decay in H and extinguishing in G.
Verse H 10:8 Different
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:8
The wise of heart accepts commands,
but a fool of lips will be brought down.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:8
One wise in heart will receive commands,
but the unrestrained person who twists things with his lips will be tripped up.
Comparison and reception
Different. Text: G expands H's 'fool of lips' with lack of restraint and crooked speech; astegos literally evokes being uncovered.
Verse H 10:9 Similar
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:9
One who walks in integrity walks securely,
but one who makes his ways crooked will be known.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:9
One who walks sincerely walks confidently,
but one who perverts his ways will be known.
Comparison and reception
Similar. Text: Both contrast secure upright conduct with crooked conduct becoming exposed.
10:10–10:18 — Speech, hatred, and correction
Verse H 10:10 Divergent
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:10
One who winks an eye causes pain,
and a fool of lips will be brought down.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:10
One who signals with his eyes deceitfully gathers griefs for people,
but one who reproves with frankness makes peace.
Comparison and reception
Divergent. Text: G replaces H's second clause about the talkative fool with open reproof producing peace; it also specifies deceit in the eye signal.
Verse H 10:11 Different
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:11
The mouth of the righteous is a fountain of life,
but violence covers the mouth of the wicked.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:11
A fountain of life is in the hand of the righteous,
but destruction will cover the mouth of the impious.
Comparison and reception
Different. Text: H has the righteous mouth, G the righteous hand. H's violence-covering clause repeats 10:6 and retains the same possible alternative construal.
Verse H 10:12 Disparate
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:12
Hatred stirs up disputes,
but love covers all transgressions.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:12
Hatred raises strife,
but friendship covers all who do not love strife.
Comparison and reception
Disparate. Text: H's love covers offenses; G's friendship covers people who are not contentious. The objects of covering differ substantially.
Verse H 10:13 Divergent
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:13
Wisdom is found on the lips of one who understands,
but a rod is for the back of one lacking heart.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:13
One who brings forth wisdom from his lips
strikes a man lacking heart with a rod.
Comparison and reception
Divergent. Text: H juxtaposes wisdom and disciplinary punishment; G makes the wisdom-speaker the agent who strikes. The physical rod is retained as the ancient saying's image.
Verse H 10:14 Similar
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:14
Wise people store up knowledge,
but the mouth of a fool is destruction near at hand.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:14
Wise people will hide discernment,
but the mouth of a rash person draws near to ruin.
Comparison and reception
Similar. Text: H pictures knowledge stored away, G hidden; both oppose rash or foolish speech and ruin.
Verse H 10:15 Different
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:15
A rich man's substance is his fortified town;
the ruin of the poor is their poverty.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:15
The possession of the rich is a fortified city,
but the ruin of the impious is poverty.
Comparison and reception
Different. Text: H names the poor, G the impious; the G moral category is not imported into H's description of poverty.
Verse H 10:16 Similar
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:16
The earnings of the righteous are for life,
the yield of the wicked for sin.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:16
The works of the righteous produce life,
but the fruits of the impious produce sins.
Comparison and reception
Similar. Text: H emphasizes earnings and yield; G works and fruits, with the verb understood in its second clause.
Verse H 10:17 Divergent
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:17
One who keeps discipline is a path to life,
but one who abandons reproof leads astray.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:17
Discipline guards righteous paths of life,
but discipline that goes unreproved wanders.
Comparison and reception
Divergent. Text: H makes the disciplined person a path to life and uses a causative 'leads astray'. G makes discipline itself the subject of both clauses.
Verse H 10:18 Disparate
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:18
One who conceals hatred has lying lips,
and one who brings forth slander is a fool.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:18
Righteous lips conceal enmity,
but those who bring forth abuse are most foolish.
Comparison and reception
Disparate. Text: H associates concealed hatred with lying lips; G explicitly calls the concealing lips righteous. This opposite evaluation is retained.
10:19–10:25 — Restraint and the fate of the righteous
Verse H 10:19 Similar
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:19
In a multitude of words transgression does not cease,
but one who restrains his lips acts prudently.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:19
Through much talking you will not escape sin,
but by sparing your lips you will be intelligent.
Comparison and reception
Similar. Text: G directly addresses the hearer; both commend restraint in speech.
Verse H 10:20 Different
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:20
The tongue of the righteous is choice silver;
the heart of the wicked is worth little.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:20
The tongue of the righteous is fire-tested silver,
but the heart of the impious will fail.
Comparison and reception
Different. Text: H devalues the wicked heart; G predicts its failing. G explicitly evokes refining by fire.
Verse H 10:21 Divergent
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:21
The lips of the righteous shepherd many,
but fools die for lack of heart.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:21
The lips of the righteous know lofty things,
but fools die in want.
Comparison and reception
Divergent. Text: H depicts feeding or shepherding many and specifies deficient judgment; G depicts knowing lofty things and leaves the kind of want unspecified.
Verse H 10:22 Divergent
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:22
The blessing of YHWH—it makes rich,
and He adds no sorrow with it.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:22
The Lord's blessing is upon the head of the righteous;
it makes rich, and sorrow in the heart will certainly not be added to it.
Comparison and reception
Divergent. Text: G adds the blessing's location on the righteous head and specifies inward sorrow. H's unexpressed subject in the second clause is read as YHWH; 'toil adds nothing to it' is a possible different syntactic reading.
Verse H 10:23 Divergent
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:23
Doing mischief is like sport to a fool,
and so is wisdom to a person of understanding.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:23
A fool does evil things in laughter,
but wisdom gives birth to understanding for a man.
Comparison and reception
Divergent. Text: H appears to carry the sport comparison into the wise person's enjoyment of wisdom; G instead has wisdom generating understanding.
Verse H 10:24 Different
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:24
What the wicked person dreads will come upon him,
but the desire of the righteous will be granted.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:24
An impious person is swept about in destruction,
but the desire of the righteous is acceptable.
Comparison and reception
Different. Text: H speaks of feared disaster arriving and desire being granted; G of movement within destruction and desire's acceptability.
Verse H 10:25 Divergent
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:25
When a whirlwind passes, the wicked is no more,
but the righteous is an everlasting foundation.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:25
When a storm passes by, the impious disappears,
but the righteous turns aside and is saved forever.
Comparison and reception
Divergent. Text: H's righteous person is a lasting foundation; G's actively turns aside and survives.
10:26–10:32 — Contrasting ways and words
Verse H 10:26 Divergent
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:26
Like vinegar to the teeth and smoke to the eyes,
so is the lazy person to those who send him.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:26
As an unripe grape is harmful to teeth and smoke to eyes,
so is lawlessness to those who practice it.
Comparison and reception
Divergent. Text: G replaces vinegar with an unripe grape, and a lazy messenger with lawlessness affecting its practitioners.
Verse H 10:27 Same
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:27
The fear of YHWH adds days,
but the years of the wicked will be shortened.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:27
The fear of the Lord adds days,
but the years of the impious will become few.
Comparison and reception
Same. Text: The two clauses closely agree in wording and sense.
Verse H 10:28 Different
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:28
The expectation of the righteous is joy,
but the hope of the wicked will perish.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:28
Gladness stays long with the righteous,
but the hope of the impious perishes.
Comparison and reception
Different. Text: H speaks of joyful expectation; G of gladness enduring.
Verse H 10:29 Different
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:29
The way of YHWH is a stronghold for integrity,
but ruin for those who work wrongdoing.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:29
The fear of the Lord is a stronghold for the devout,
but ruin for those who do evil.
Comparison and reception
Different. Text: H names YHWH's way and integrity; G the fear of the Lord and the devout person.
Verse H 10:30 Similar
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:30
The righteous will never be shaken,
but the wicked will not dwell in the land.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:30
The righteous will never give way,
but the impious will not inhabit the earth.
Comparison and reception
Similar. Text: Both contrast righteous stability and the impious losing residence; 'land' and 'earth' reflect the shared semantic range.
Verse H 10:31 Similar
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:31
The mouth of the righteous bears wisdom,
but the perverse tongue will be cut off.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:31
The mouth of the righteous drips wisdom,
but the tongue of the unjust will be destroyed.
Comparison and reception
Similar. Text: H evokes producing or bearing wisdom, G dripping it. H describes the tongue as perverse; G identifies its owner as unjust.
Verse H 10:32 Different
Hebrew–English (H)
H 10:32
The lips of the righteous know what is acceptable,
but the mouth of the wicked knows perversities.
Greek–English (G)
G 10:32
The lips of righteous men drip gracious things,
but the mouth of the impious turns away.
Comparison and reception
Different. Text: H's second 'knows' is supplied from its first clause. G has gracious outflow and a mouth turning away; the final middle/passive form could also be construed as being turned aside.