Proverbs — Hebrew and Greek compared

DeaconPracticed righteousness

Proverbs 10 — Proverbs of Solomon: righteousness, work, and speech — Hebrew and Greek compared

Saints Translation — Proverbs 1–31 [V1]

Same 1 Similar 7 Different 12 Divergent 10 Disparate 3

Disparate in this chapter: H 10:5, H 10:12, H 10:18

Each card keeps the independently rendered source readings above their shared comparison and reception notes. The badge records the source’s governing classification; disparate readings are marked in red. Each reading retains its original reference.

Proverbs 10 — Proverbs of Solomon: righteousness, work, and speech

10:1–10:9 — Wise conduct and its fruits

Verse H 10:1 Divergent

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:1

Proverbs of Solomon.

A wise son makes a father glad,

but a foolish son is his mother's grief.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:1

A wise son makes a father glad,

but a foolish son is grief to his mother.

Comparison and reception

Divergent. Text: H includes the collection heading 'Proverbs of Solomon'; no corresponding heading appears in the displayed G entry.

Verse H 10:2 Different

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:2

Treasures of wickedness do not profit,

but righteousness rescues from death.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:2

Treasures will not profit lawless people,

but righteousness will rescue from death.

Comparison and reception

Different. Text: H qualifies the treasures as wicked; G makes lawless people the ones not benefited.

Verse H 10:3 Different

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:3

YHWH will not let a righteous person's life go hungry,

but He thrusts away the craving of the wicked.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:3

The Lord will not starve a righteous life,

but He will overturn the life of the impious.

Comparison and reception

Different. Text: H names the wicked's craving, G their life. The statements remain proverbial claims, not added guarantees about every individual case.

Verse H 10:4 Different

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:4

One who works with a slack palm becomes poor,

but the hand of the diligent makes rich.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:4

Poverty humbles a man,

but the hands of the courageous make rich.

Comparison and reception

Different. Text: H attributes poverty to slack work; G describes poverty's humiliating effect. G andreioi denotes courageous or vigorous people rather than H's diligent ones.

Verse 10:4a Divergent

Hebrew–English (H)

H —

[No corresponding text in the displayed Hebrew main text.]

Greek–English (G)

G 10:4a

A disciplined son will be wise,

and he will use the foolish one as a servant.

Comparison and reception

Divergent. Text: G adds a saying about the disciplined son and the fool's service; no corresponding H entry is displayed.

Verse H 10:5 Disparate

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:5

One who gathers in summer is a prudent son;

one who sleeps deeply at harvest is a son who brings shame.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:5

An intelligent son was preserved from scorching heat,

but a lawless son is ruined by wind at harvest.

Comparison and reception

Disparate. Text: H contrasts timely gathering and sleeping; G describes preservation from heat and destruction by wind. The agricultural outcomes are not turned into the same actions.

Verse H 10:6 Different

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:6

Blessings are upon the head of the righteous,

but violence covers the mouth of the wicked.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:6

The Lord's blessing is upon the head of the righteous,

but untimely mourning will cover the mouth of the impious.

Comparison and reception

Different. Text: H's second clause can alternatively mean the wicked mouth conceals violence; the chosen subject is violence. G names untimely mourning and explicitly attributes the blessing to the Lord.

Verse H 10:7 Similar

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:7

The memory of the righteous is a blessing,

but the name of the wicked will rot.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:7

The memory of righteous people is with praises,

but the name of the impious is extinguished.

Comparison and reception

Similar. Text: The positive remembrance agrees; the negative image is decay in H and extinguishing in G.

Verse H 10:8 Different

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:8

The wise of heart accepts commands,

but a fool of lips will be brought down.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:8

One wise in heart will receive commands,

but the unrestrained person who twists things with his lips will be tripped up.

Comparison and reception

Different. Text: G expands H's 'fool of lips' with lack of restraint and crooked speech; astegos literally evokes being uncovered.

Verse H 10:9 Similar

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:9

One who walks in integrity walks securely,

but one who makes his ways crooked will be known.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:9

One who walks sincerely walks confidently,

but one who perverts his ways will be known.

Comparison and reception

Similar. Text: Both contrast secure upright conduct with crooked conduct becoming exposed.

10:10–10:18 — Speech, hatred, and correction

Verse H 10:10 Divergent

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:10

One who winks an eye causes pain,

and a fool of lips will be brought down.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:10

One who signals with his eyes deceitfully gathers griefs for people,

but one who reproves with frankness makes peace.

Comparison and reception

Divergent. Text: G replaces H's second clause about the talkative fool with open reproof producing peace; it also specifies deceit in the eye signal.

Verse H 10:11 Different

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:11

The mouth of the righteous is a fountain of life,

but violence covers the mouth of the wicked.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:11

A fountain of life is in the hand of the righteous,

but destruction will cover the mouth of the impious.

Comparison and reception

Different. Text: H has the righteous mouth, G the righteous hand. H's violence-covering clause repeats 10:6 and retains the same possible alternative construal.

Verse H 10:12 Disparate

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:12

Hatred stirs up disputes,

but love covers all transgressions.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:12

Hatred raises strife,

but friendship covers all who do not love strife.

Comparison and reception

Disparate. Text: H's love covers offenses; G's friendship covers people who are not contentious. The objects of covering differ substantially.

Verse H 10:13 Divergent

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:13

Wisdom is found on the lips of one who understands,

but a rod is for the back of one lacking heart.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:13

One who brings forth wisdom from his lips

strikes a man lacking heart with a rod.

Comparison and reception

Divergent. Text: H juxtaposes wisdom and disciplinary punishment; G makes the wisdom-speaker the agent who strikes. The physical rod is retained as the ancient saying's image.

Verse H 10:14 Similar

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:14

Wise people store up knowledge,

but the mouth of a fool is destruction near at hand.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:14

Wise people will hide discernment,

but the mouth of a rash person draws near to ruin.

Comparison and reception

Similar. Text: H pictures knowledge stored away, G hidden; both oppose rash or foolish speech and ruin.

Verse H 10:15 Different

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:15

A rich man's substance is his fortified town;

the ruin of the poor is their poverty.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:15

The possession of the rich is a fortified city,

but the ruin of the impious is poverty.

Comparison and reception

Different. Text: H names the poor, G the impious; the G moral category is not imported into H's description of poverty.

Verse H 10:16 Similar

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:16

The earnings of the righteous are for life,

the yield of the wicked for sin.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:16

The works of the righteous produce life,

but the fruits of the impious produce sins.

Comparison and reception

Similar. Text: H emphasizes earnings and yield; G works and fruits, with the verb understood in its second clause.

Verse H 10:17 Divergent

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:17

One who keeps discipline is a path to life,

but one who abandons reproof leads astray.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:17

Discipline guards righteous paths of life,

but discipline that goes unreproved wanders.

Comparison and reception

Divergent. Text: H makes the disciplined person a path to life and uses a causative 'leads astray'. G makes discipline itself the subject of both clauses.

Verse H 10:18 Disparate

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:18

One who conceals hatred has lying lips,

and one who brings forth slander is a fool.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:18

Righteous lips conceal enmity,

but those who bring forth abuse are most foolish.

Comparison and reception

Disparate. Text: H associates concealed hatred with lying lips; G explicitly calls the concealing lips righteous. This opposite evaluation is retained.

10:19–10:25 — Restraint and the fate of the righteous

Verse H 10:19 Similar

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:19

In a multitude of words transgression does not cease,

but one who restrains his lips acts prudently.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:19

Through much talking you will not escape sin,

but by sparing your lips you will be intelligent.

Comparison and reception

Similar. Text: G directly addresses the hearer; both commend restraint in speech.

Verse H 10:20 Different

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:20

The tongue of the righteous is choice silver;

the heart of the wicked is worth little.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:20

The tongue of the righteous is fire-tested silver,

but the heart of the impious will fail.

Comparison and reception

Different. Text: H devalues the wicked heart; G predicts its failing. G explicitly evokes refining by fire.

Verse H 10:21 Divergent

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:21

The lips of the righteous shepherd many,

but fools die for lack of heart.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:21

The lips of the righteous know lofty things,

but fools die in want.

Comparison and reception

Divergent. Text: H depicts feeding or shepherding many and specifies deficient judgment; G depicts knowing lofty things and leaves the kind of want unspecified.

Verse H 10:22 Divergent

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:22

The blessing of YHWH—it makes rich,

and He adds no sorrow with it.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:22

The Lord's blessing is upon the head of the righteous;

it makes rich, and sorrow in the heart will certainly not be added to it.

Comparison and reception

Divergent. Text: G adds the blessing's location on the righteous head and specifies inward sorrow. H's unexpressed subject in the second clause is read as YHWH; 'toil adds nothing to it' is a possible different syntactic reading.

Verse H 10:23 Divergent

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:23

Doing mischief is like sport to a fool,

and so is wisdom to a person of understanding.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:23

A fool does evil things in laughter,

but wisdom gives birth to understanding for a man.

Comparison and reception

Divergent. Text: H appears to carry the sport comparison into the wise person's enjoyment of wisdom; G instead has wisdom generating understanding.

Verse H 10:24 Different

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:24

What the wicked person dreads will come upon him,

but the desire of the righteous will be granted.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:24

An impious person is swept about in destruction,

but the desire of the righteous is acceptable.

Comparison and reception

Different. Text: H speaks of feared disaster arriving and desire being granted; G of movement within destruction and desire's acceptability.

Verse H 10:25 Divergent

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:25

When a whirlwind passes, the wicked is no more,

but the righteous is an everlasting foundation.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:25

When a storm passes by, the impious disappears,

but the righteous turns aside and is saved forever.

Comparison and reception

Divergent. Text: H's righteous person is a lasting foundation; G's actively turns aside and survives.

10:26–10:32 — Contrasting ways and words

Verse H 10:26 Divergent

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:26

Like vinegar to the teeth and smoke to the eyes,

so is the lazy person to those who send him.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:26

As an unripe grape is harmful to teeth and smoke to eyes,

so is lawlessness to those who practice it.

Comparison and reception

Divergent. Text: G replaces vinegar with an unripe grape, and a lazy messenger with lawlessness affecting its practitioners.

Verse H 10:27 Same

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:27

The fear of YHWH adds days,

but the years of the wicked will be shortened.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:27

The fear of the Lord adds days,

but the years of the impious will become few.

Comparison and reception

Same. Text: The two clauses closely agree in wording and sense.

Verse H 10:28 Different

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:28

The expectation of the righteous is joy,

but the hope of the wicked will perish.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:28

Gladness stays long with the righteous,

but the hope of the impious perishes.

Comparison and reception

Different. Text: H speaks of joyful expectation; G of gladness enduring.

Verse H 10:29 Different

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:29

The way of YHWH is a stronghold for integrity,

but ruin for those who work wrongdoing.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:29

The fear of the Lord is a stronghold for the devout,

but ruin for those who do evil.

Comparison and reception

Different. Text: H names YHWH's way and integrity; G the fear of the Lord and the devout person.

Verse H 10:30 Similar

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:30

The righteous will never be shaken,

but the wicked will not dwell in the land.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:30

The righteous will never give way,

but the impious will not inhabit the earth.

Comparison and reception

Similar. Text: Both contrast righteous stability and the impious losing residence; 'land' and 'earth' reflect the shared semantic range.

Verse H 10:31 Similar

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:31

The mouth of the righteous bears wisdom,

but the perverse tongue will be cut off.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:31

The mouth of the righteous drips wisdom,

but the tongue of the unjust will be destroyed.

Comparison and reception

Similar. Text: H evokes producing or bearing wisdom, G dripping it. H describes the tongue as perverse; G identifies its owner as unjust.

Verse H 10:32 Different

Hebrew–English (H)

H 10:32

The lips of the righteous know what is acceptable,

but the mouth of the wicked knows perversities.

Greek–English (G)

G 10:32

The lips of righteous men drip gracious things,

but the mouth of the impious turns away.

Comparison and reception

Different. Text: H's second 'knows' is supplied from its first clause. G has gracious outflow and a mouth turning away; the final middle/passive form could also be construed as being turned aside.

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