Exodus 40 — Hebrew and Greek compared
Each card keeps the independently rendered source readings above their shared comparison and reception notes. The badge records the source’s governing classification; disparate readings are marked in red. Each reading retains its original reference.
Exodus 40
God’s Command
Verse 40:1 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:1 YHWH spoke to Moses, saying,
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:1 The Lord spoke to Moses, saying,
Classification & Notes
Same
Verse 40:2 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:2 “On the first day of the first month you shall erect the tabernacle of the Tent of Meeting.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:2 “On the first day of the first month, at the new moon, you shall erect the Tent of Testimony.”
Classification & Notes
Different — G explicitly names the new moon; the tent titles follow each source.
Verse 40:3 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:3 “You shall put the ark of the testimony in it and screen the ark with the veil.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:3 “You shall place the ark of the testimony and screen the ark with the veil.”
Classification & Notes
Same — RH includes both placing the ark and screening it with the veil, corresponding to Hebrew.
Verse 40:4 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:4 “Bring in the table and arrange what belongs on it. Bring in the lampstand and set up its lamps.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:4 “Bring in the table and set out its presentation. Bring in the lampstand and put its lamps on it.”
Classification & Notes
Similar — The presentation concerns what is set before God. Neither column imports a separate lighting verb into this setting-up command.
Verse 40:5 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:5 “Place the gold altar for incense before the ark of the testimony, and put the entrance screen on the tabernacle.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:5 “Place the gold altar for burning incense before the ark, and put a screening veil over the doorway of the Tent of Testimony.”
Classification & Notes
Different — The G ark clause lacks of the testimony, while its tent clause includes the title.
Verse 40:6 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:6 “Place the altar of burnt offering before the entrance of the tabernacle of the Tent of Meeting.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:6 “Place the altar of offerings by the doors of the Tent of Testimony.”
Classification & Notes
Similar — G karpōmata is rendered offerings; the altar is the sacrificial altar.
Earlier navigation: 40:6a → RH 40:6.
Verse 40:7 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:7 “Place the basin between the Tent of Meeting and the altar, and put water in it.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
H 40:7 alignment — No corresponding basin-placement command in this G sequence. —
Classification & Notes
Divergent — The G basin and washing account appears in thirty-eight, verses twenty-six through twenty-seven, aligned at H thirty-eight, verse eight.
Verse 40:8 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:8 “Set up the court around it and hang the screen at the court’s gate.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:8 “Set the tent about, and sanctify everything belonging to it all around.”
Classification & Notes
Different — The corresponding G continuation has tent and sanctification, not H’s explicit court-gate screen. Its unusual wording is retained for further review.
Earlier navigation: 40:6b → RH 40:8.
Verse 40:9 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:9 “Take the anointing oil and anoint the tabernacle and everything in it. Sanctify it and all its utensils, and it shall be holy.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:9 “Take the anointing oil and anoint the tent and everything in it. Sanctify it and all its utensils, and it shall be holy.”
Classification & Notes
Same
Earlier navigation: 40:7 → RH 40:9.
Verse 40:10 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:10 “Anoint the altar of burnt offering and all its utensils. Sanctify the altar, and it shall be most holy.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:10 “Anoint the altar of offerings and all its utensils. Sanctify the altar, and it shall be most holy.”
Classification & Notes
Same — RH 40:10 gives the altar’s anointing and sanctification in one verse, corresponding to Hebrew 40:10.
Earlier navigation: 40:8–9 → RH 40:10.
Verse 40:11 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:11 “Anoint the basin and its stand and sanctify it.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
H 40:11 alignment — No corresponding basin-anointing command in this G sequence. —
Classification & Notes
Divergent
Verse 40:12 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:12 “Bring Aaron and his sons to the entrance of the Tent of Meeting and wash them with water.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:12 “Bring Aaron and his sons to the doors of the Tent of Testimony and wash them with water.”
Classification & Notes
Same
Earlier navigation: 40:10 → RH 40:12.
Verse 40:13 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:13 “Clothe Aaron in the holy garments, anoint him, and sanctify him to serve Me as priest.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:13 “Clothe Aaron in the holy robes, anoint him, and sanctify him and he shall serve Me as priest.”
Classification & Notes
Same
Earlier navigation: 40:11 → RH 40:13.
Verse 40:14 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:14 “Bring his sons and clothe them in tunics.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:14 “Bring his sons and clothe them in tunics.”
Classification & Notes
Same
Earlier navigation: 40:12 → RH 40:14.
Verse 40:15 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:15 “Anoint them as you anointed their father, so that they may serve Me as priests. Their anointing shall establish for them an enduring priesthood throughout their generations.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:15 “Anoint them as you anointed their father, and they shall serve Me as priests. They shall have an anointing for priesthood forever, throughout their generations.”
Classification & Notes
Similar — The enduring-generations formula is retained; later interpretations of priesthood belong in reception notes.
Earlier navigation: 40:13 → RH 40:15.
Verse 40:16 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:16 Moses did everything YHWH had commanded him; so he did.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:16 Moses did everything the Lord had commanded him; so he did.
Classification & Notes
Same
Earlier navigation: 40:14 → RH 40:16.
Man's Obedience
Verse 40:17 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:17 In the first month of the second year, on the first day of the month, the tabernacle was erected.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:17 In the first month of the second year after they came out of Egypt, at the new moon, the tent was erected.
Classification & Notes
Different — G explicitly identifies the departure from Egypt and calls the day the new moon.
Earlier navigation: 40:15 → RH 40:17.
Verse 40:18 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:18 Moses erected the tabernacle, placed its bases, set up its boards, inserted its bars, and erected its pillars.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:18 Moses erected the tent, placed its capitals, inserted its bars, and erected its pillars.
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G says capitals and does not separately mention the boards here.
Earlier navigation: 40:16 → RH 40:18.
Verse 40:19 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:19 He spread the tent over the tabernacle and placed the tent covering over it, as YHWH had commanded Moses.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:19 He spread the curtains over the tent and placed the tent covering above it, as the Lord commanded Moses.
Classification & Notes
Similar
Earlier navigation: 40:17 → RH 40:19.
Verse 40:20 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:20 He took the testimony and put it into the ark, attached the poles to the ark, and placed the cover on top of the ark.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:20 He took the testimonies and put them into the ark, and placed the carrying poles beneath the ark.
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G has plural testimonies and specifies beneath; it does not repeat the placement of the propitiatory cover here.
Earlier navigation: 40:18 → RH 40:20.
Verse 40:21 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:21 He brought the ark into the tabernacle, put up the screening veil, and screened the ark of the testimony, as YHWH had commanded Moses.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:21 He brought the ark into the tent, put up the screening veil, and screened the ark of the testimony, as the Lord commanded Moses.
Classification & Notes
Same
Earlier navigation: 40:19 → RH 40:21.
Verse 40:22 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:22 He placed the table in the Tent of Meeting, on the north side of the tabernacle, outside the veil.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:22 He placed the table in the Tent of Testimony, on its north side, outside the tent’s veil.
Classification & Notes
Same
Earlier navigation: 40:20 → RH 40:22.
Verse 40:23 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:23 He arranged the bread on it before YHWH, as YHWH had commanded Moses.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:23 He set the bread of presentation on it before the Lord, as the Lord commanded Moses.
Classification & Notes
Similar
Earlier navigation: 40:21 → RH 40:23.
Verse 40:24 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:24 He placed the lampstand in the Tent of Meeting opposite the table, on the south side of the tabernacle.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:24 He placed the lampstand in the Tent of Testimony, on the south side of the tent.
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G does not explicitly say opposite the table here.
Earlier navigation: 40:22 → RH 40:24.
Verse 40:25 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:25 He set up the lamps before YHWH, as YHWH had commanded Moses.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:25 He put its lamps in place before the Lord, as the Lord commanded Moses.
Classification & Notes
Same
Earlier navigation: 40:23 → RH 40:25.
Verse 40:26 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:26 He placed the gold altar in the Tent of Meeting before the veil,
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:26 He placed the gold altar in the Tent of Testimony opposite the veil,
Classification & Notes
Same
Earlier navigation: 40:24 → RH 40:26.
Verse 40:27 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:27 and burned fragrant incense on it, as YHWH had commanded Moses.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:27 and burned the compounded incense on it, as the Lord commanded Moses.
Classification & Notes
Similar — RH 40:27 explicitly says burned incense. Its compounded-incense expression corresponds to Hebrew’s fragrant incense.
Earlier navigation: 40:25 → RH 40:27.
Verse 40:28 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:28 He put up the entrance screen of the tabernacle.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
H 40:28 alignment — No corresponding entrance-screen execution clause here in G. —
Classification & Notes
Divergent
Verse 40:29 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:29 He placed the altar of burnt offering at the entrance of the tabernacle of the Tent of Meeting, and offered the burnt offering and the grain offering on it, as YHWH had commanded Moses.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:29 He placed the altar of offerings by the doors of the tent.
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G has the placement clause but does not repeat the offerings or command formula here.
Earlier navigation: 40:26 → RH 40:29.
Verse 40:30 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:30 He placed the basin between the Tent of Meeting and the altar, and put water in it for washing.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
H 40:30 alignment — No corresponding basin-placement clause here in G. —
Classification & Notes
Divergent — See the G basin account aligned at H thirty-eight, verse eight.
Verse 40:31 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:31 Moses, Aaron, and his sons washed their hands and feet from it.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
H 40:31 alignment — The corresponding washing material occurs earlier in G. —
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G thirty-eight, verse twenty-seven is translated at H thirty-eight, verse eight; it is not duplicated as though it occurred here.
Verse 40:32 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:32 When they entered the Tent of Meeting or approached the altar, they washed, as YHWH had commanded Moses.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
H 40:32 alignment — The corresponding washing material occurs earlier in G. —
Classification & Notes
Divergent — See the preceding note.
Verse 40:33 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:33 He erected the court around the tabernacle and the altar and put up the screen at the court’s gate. So Moses finished the work.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:33 He erected the court around the tent and the altar. Moses completed all the work.
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G does not repeat the court-gate screen here.
Earlier navigation: 40:27 → RH 40:33.
The Glory of God
Verse 40:34 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:34 The cloud covered the Tent of Meeting, and the glory of YHWH filled the tabernacle.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:34 The cloud covered the Tent of Testimony, and the tent was filled with the glory of the Lord.
Classification & Notes
Same — RH labels the cloud covering and glory filling the tent as 40:34, corresponding to Hebrew 40:34. The former displayed 40:29 label is superseded.
Earlier navigation: 40:29 → RH 40:34.
Verse 40:35 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:35 Moses could not enter the Tent of Meeting because the cloud rested on it and the glory of YHWH filled the tabernacle.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:35 Moses could not enter the Tent of Testimony because the cloud overshadowed it and the tent was filled with the glory of the Lord.
Classification & Notes
Similar — H says the cloud rested or dwelt on it; G says overshadowed.
Verse 40:36 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:36 Whenever the cloud rose from above the tabernacle, the children of Israel set out on all their journeys.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:36 Whenever the cloud rose from the tent, the children of Israel set out with their belongings.
Classification & Notes
Different — G explicitly includes their belongings; H states the recurring journey setting here.
Verse 40:37 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:37 If the cloud did not rise, they did not set out until the day it rose.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:37 If the cloud did not rise, they did not set out until the day it rose.
Classification & Notes
Same
Verse 40:38 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
40:38 For the cloud of YHWH was over the tabernacle by day, and fire was over it by night, in the sight of the whole house of Israel throughout all their journeys.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 40:38 For a cloud was over the tent by day, and fire was over it by night, in the sight of all Israel throughout all their journeys.
Classification & Notes
Different — G does not have of the Lord or house in this closing clause.