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Romans 8 — Greek text and reception

Saints Translation: Romans 1–16 [V2]

Each card preserves the Greek reading and its textual and reception notes. This source provides a Greek study edition; Hebrew counterparts and Hebrew–Greek classifications are not supplied.

Chapter 8

Life in the Spirit and the inseparable love of God

Verse 8:1

Greek–English Saints Priority

So then, there is now no condemnation for those in Christ Jesus.

Textual & Reception Notes

The source ends this verse at Christ Jesus. It does not append a clause about walking according to flesh or Spirit here; that clause is present at 8:4.

Verse 8:2

Greek–English Saints Priority

For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus set you free from the law of sin and death.

Textual & Reception Notes

The source reads σε, singular ‘you,’ not ‘me’ or plural ‘us.’ Spirit is capitalized in the phrase ‘Spirit of life.’

Verse 8:3

Greek–English Saints Priority

For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through the flesh, God did: sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and concerning sin, He condemned sin in the flesh,

Textual & Reception Notes

The Greek opens with the law’s inability; English supplies ‘God did’ to support the following finite action, ‘condemned.’ ‘Likeness of sinful flesh’ preserves the wording without saying the Son personally sinned. Περὶ ἁμαρτίας is ‘concerning sin,’ also a Greek sacrificial expression that can mean for a sin offering; that association is noted without inserting an unexpressed noun.

Verse 8:4

Greek–English Saints Priority

so that the law’s righteous requirement might be fulfilled in us who walk not according to flesh, but according to Spirit.

Textual & Reception Notes

Δικαίωμα is singular, the law’s righteous requirement. Its fulfillment ‘in us’ and the description of how we walk both remain explicit.

Verse 8:5

Greek–English Saints Priority

For those who are according to flesh set their minds on the things of the flesh, but those according to Spirit, on the things of the Spirit.

Textual & Reception Notes

Verse 8:6

Greek–English Saints Priority

For the mind of the flesh is death, but the mind of the Spirit is life and peace,

Textual & Reception Notes

Φρόνημα denotes a mindset or orientation, not only an isolated thought. The repeated ‘mind’ language links this clause with the following hostility.

Verse 8:7

Greek–English Saints Priority

because the mind of the flesh is hostility toward God; for it does not submit to God’s law, nor indeed can it.

Textual & Reception Notes

Verse 8:8

Greek–English Saints Priority

And those who are in flesh cannot please God.

Textual & Reception Notes

Verse 8:9

Greek–English Saints Priority

But you are not in flesh, but in Spirit, if indeed God’s Spirit dwells in you. But if anyone does not have Christ’s Spirit, this person is not His.

Textual & Reception Notes

God’s Spirit and Christ’s Spirit occur in the same verse. The conditional wording ‘if indeed’ is retained, without turning it into an automatic assertion about every reader.

Verse 8:10

Greek–English Saints Priority

But if Christ is in you, the body is dead because of sin, but the Spirit is life because of righteousness.

Textual & Reception Notes

Spirit is provisionally capitalized as the life-giving divine Spirit; ‘the human spirit is alive’ is another interpretation. The Greek predicate is ‘life,’ not a finite ‘will live.’

Verse 8:11

Greek–English Saints Priority

And if the Spirit of the One who raised Jesus from the dead dwells in you, the One who raised Christ Jesus from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies because of His Spirit dwelling in you.

Textual & Reception Notes

This source uses διά with the accusative: ‘because of His Spirit dwelling in you.’ It is not silently replaced with the alternative genitive construction ‘through His indwelling Spirit.’ The promised life concerns mortal bodies.

NA28: Χριστὸν ἐκ νεκρῶν without Ἰησοῦν, and διὰ τοῦ ἐνοικοῦντος αὐτοῦ πνεύματος, "through His indwelling Spirit" (SBLGNT Χριστὸν Ἰησοῦν and διὰ τὸ ἐνοικοῦν αὐτοῦ πνεῦμα, "because of"); the rendering above follows SBLGNT on both; NA28 would read "raised Christ from the dead … through His Spirit who dwells in you".

Verse 8:12

Greek–English Saints Priority

So then, brothers, we are debtors—not to the flesh, to live according to flesh;

Textual & Reception Notes

Verse 8:13

Greek–English Saints Priority

for if you live according to flesh, you are going to die; but if by Spirit you put to death the body’s practices, you will live.

Textual & Reception Notes

The body’s practices are put to death; the verse does not command destruction of the body itself.

Verse 8:14

Greek–English Saints Priority

For all who are led by God’s Spirit are sons of God.

Textual & Reception Notes

Verse 8:15

Greek–English Saints Priority

For you did not receive a spirit of slavery again for fear, but you received the Spirit of adoption as sons, in whom we cry, “Abba, Father.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Υἱοθεσία is adoption or placement as sons, expressing filial status and inheritance; the community address includes women. The first ‘spirit’ is lowercase as a spirit of slavery, while the second is interpreted as the divine Spirit. Abba is retained alongside the Greek explanation Father.

Verse 8:16

Greek–English Saints Priority

The Spirit Himself bears witness with our spirit that we are God’s children.

Textual & Reception Notes

The divine Spirit and ‘our spirit’ are explicitly distinguished as bearing witness together.

Verse 8:17

Greek–English Saints Priority

And if children, then also heirs: heirs of God and joint heirs with Christ, if indeed we suffer with Him so that we may also be glorified with Him.

Textual & Reception Notes

Joint heirship, suffering with Christ, and glorification with Him are linked. The condition ‘if indeed’ is not omitted.

Verse 8:18

Greek–English Saints Priority

For I reckon that the sufferings of the present time are not worthy of comparison with the glory that is to be revealed in us.

Textual & Reception Notes

Εἰς ἡμᾶς may be rendered ‘to us,’ ‘for us,’ or, contextually, ‘in us.’ This draft adopts the last while leaving the scope for review.

Verse 8:19

Greek–English Saints Priority

For creation’s eager expectation awaits the revealing of God’s sons;

Textual & Reception Notes

Verse 8:20

Greek–English Saints Priority

for creation was subjected to futility, not willingly, but because of the One who subjected it, in hope

Textual & Reception Notes

The subjecting agent is unnamed. Capitalizing ‘the One’ adopts God as the likely referent in the hope-and-liberation context; the identification is interpretive. ‘In hope’ carries into the following verse.

Verse 8:21

Greek–English Saints Priority

that creation itself also will be set free from slavery to corruption into the freedom of the glory of God’s children.

Textual & Reception Notes

The source speaks of the freedom ‘of the glory’ of God’s children; English retains both freedom and glory rather than omitting the genitive relation.

Verse 8:22

Greek–English Saints Priority

For we know that the whole creation groans together and labors in birth pangs together until now;

Textual & Reception Notes

Verse 8:23

Greek–English Saints Priority

and not only creation, but we ourselves also, having the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan within ourselves, awaiting adoption as sons, the redemption of our body.

Textual & Reception Notes

The firstfruits already possessed and the adoption/redemption awaited are both retained. ‘Our body’ is singular in the Greek, with a plural possessive.

Verse 8:24

Greek–English Saints Priority

For in hope we were saved. But hope that is seen is not hope; for who hopes for what he sees?

Textual & Reception Notes

‘In hope’ represents the dative without defining hope itself as an independently saving power. The source’s short question is ‘who hopes for what he sees?’

Verse 8:25

Greek–English Saints Priority

But if we hope for what we do not see, we await it with perseverance.

Textual & Reception Notes

Verse 8:26

Greek–English Saints Priority

And likewise the Spirit also helps our weakness; for we do not know what we should pray as we ought, but the Spirit Himself intercedes with unutterable groanings.

Textual & Reception Notes

The source has singular ‘weakness.’ Ἀλάλητοι can mean unutterable or unspoken; it does not itself identify an audible language or a particular prayer practice. No extra ‘for us’ is inserted in this sentence.

Verse 8:27

Greek–English Saints Priority

And the One who searches hearts knows the mind of the Spirit, because He intercedes for saints according to God.

Textual & Reception Notes

‘According to God’ is the source’s concise expression, commonly understood as according to God’s will. English does not add a separate will noun.

Verse 8:28

Greek–English Saints Priority

And we know that all things work together for good for those who love God, those who are called according to purpose.

Textual & Reception Notes

The source does not have an explicit θεός as subject of ‘works together.’ This draft takes ‘all things’ as the subject; an implied divine subject is another construal. ‘According to purpose’ has no expressed possessive, though God’s purpose is contextually in view.

Verse 8:29

Greek–English Saints Priority

Because those whom He foreknew, He also predestined to be conformed to the image of His Son, so that He might be firstborn among many brothers;

Textual & Reception Notes

Verse 8:30

Greek–English Saints Priority

and those whom He predestined, these He also called; and those whom He called, these He also justified; and those whom He justified, these He also glorified.

Textual & Reception Notes

All five actions in 8:29–30 are presented with past-tense Greek forms. In particular, ‘glorified’ is not changed to ‘will glorify’ to fit a later chronological explanation.

Verse 8:31

Greek–English Saints Priority

What, then, shall we say to these things? If God is for us, who is against us?

Textual & Reception Notes

Verse 8:32

Greek–English Saints Priority

He who did not spare His own Son, but handed Him over for us all, how will He not also graciously give us all things with Him?

Textual & Reception Notes

Verse 8:33

Greek–English Saints Priority

Who will bring a charge against God’s chosen ones? God is the One who justifies.

Textual & Reception Notes

The rhetorical questions and answers are punctuated editorially. God’s justifying is retained as the answer to the accusation.

Verse 8:34

Greek–English Saints Priority

Who is the one who condemns? Christ is the One who died—more than that, was raised—who is also at God’s right hand, who also intercedes for us.

Textual & Reception Notes

The source has Christ without a following Jesus in this verse. Death, resurrection, position at God’s right hand, and intercession are all explicit.

NA28: Χριστὸς [Ἰησοῦς] (SBLGNT Χριστός); the rendering above follows SBLGNT; NA28 would read "Christ Jesus is the One who died".

Verse 8:35

Greek–English Saints Priority

Who will separate us from Christ’s love? Affliction, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or danger, or sword?

Textual & Reception Notes

‘Christ’s love’ is interpreted in context as His love for us. Every form of distress in the list remains.

Verse 8:36

Greek–English Saints Priority

Just as it is written, “For Your sake we are put to death all day long; we were reckoned as sheep for slaughter.”

Textual & Reception Notes

Verse 8:37

Greek–English Saints Priority

But in all these things we more than conquer through the One who loved us.

Textual & Reception Notes

Verse 8:38

Greek–English Saints Priority

For I am convinced that neither death nor life, neither angels nor rulers, neither things present nor things to come nor powers,

Textual & Reception Notes

The source order places things present and future before powers. The list is not rearranged to a different edition’s sequence.

Verse 8:39

Greek–English Saints Priority

neither height nor depth nor any other created thing will be able to separate us from God’s love in Christ Jesus our Lord.

Textual & Reception Notes

‘Any other created thing’ keeps the universal scope without importing a speculative list of particular beings.