Exodus 35 — Hebrew and Greek compared
Each card keeps the independently rendered source readings above their shared comparison and reception notes. The badge records the source’s governing classification; disparate readings are marked in red. Each reading retains its original reference.
Exodus 35
The Sabbath Regulation Reaffirmed
Verse 35:1 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:1 Moses assembled the whole congregation of the children of Israel and said to them, “These are the things YHWH has commanded you to do.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:1 Moses assembled the whole congregation of the children of Israel and said to them, “These are the things the Lord has said you must do.”
Classification & Notes
Same
Verse 35:2 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:2 “Work may be done for six days, but the seventh day shall be holy for you, a Sabbath of complete rest to YHWH. Whoever does work on it shall be put to death.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:2 “For six days you shall do work, but on the seventh day there shall be rest, a holy Sabbath, a rest to the Lord. Everyone who does work on it shall die.”
Classification & Notes
Same — Rabbinic reception: Rashi on 35:2 explains the Sabbath command’s precedence as teaching that sanctuary construction does not override Sabbath rest. [R35]
Verse 35:3 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:3 “You shall not kindle a fire in any of your dwellings on the Sabbath day.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:3 “You shall not kindle a fire in any of your dwellings on the Sabbath day. I am the Lord.”
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G adds the divine self-declaration.
Rabbinic reception: Rashi on 35:3 records differing explanations of why kindling is singled out: a distinct prohibition or the differentiation of prohibited labors. He does not present a single undivided opinion. [R35]
The Call for a Freewill Offering
Verse 35:4 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:4 Moses said to the whole congregation of the children of Israel, “This is what YHWH has commanded:”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:4 Moses said to the whole congregation of the children of Israel, “This is what the Lord has appointed:”
Classification & Notes
Same
Verse 35:5 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:5 “Take from among you a contribution to YHWH. Everyone whose heart is willing shall bring YHWH’s contribution: gold, silver, and bronze;”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:5 “Take from among yourselves an offering for the Lord. Everyone who welcomes it in his heart shall bring the Lord’s firstfruits: gold, silver, and bronze;”
Classification & Notes
Similar — G calls the contribution firstfruits; the context is a voluntary sanctuary offering.
Verse 35:6 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:6 “blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, fine linen, and goats’ hair;”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:6 “blue, purple, double-spun scarlet, spun fine linen, and goats’ hair;”
Classification & Notes
Different — G specifies double-spun scarlet.
Verse 35:7 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:7 “rams’ skins dyed red, tachash skins, and acacia wood;”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:7 “rams’ skins dyed red, skins dyed blue, and decay-resistant wood;”
Classification & Notes
Different — The animal denoted by H tachash remains uncertain; G describes a blue covering. Wood terminology follows the distinction established in chapter twenty-five.
Verse 35:8 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:8 “oil for the light, spices for the anointing oil and for the fragrant incense;”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
H 35:8 alignment — No corresponding entry at this point in G. —
Classification & Notes
Divergent — The initial G materials list lacks this entry; anointing oil and incense appear later in its inventory. Do not fill the Greek cell from H.
Verse 35:9 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:9 “onyx stones and stones for setting in the ephod and the breastpiece.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:9 “sardius stones and stones for engraving for the shoulder-piece and the full-length robe.”
Classification & Notes
Different — G names sardius here, and a full-length robe rather than the breastpiece. Gem identifications are provisional traditional renderings.
Earlier navigation: 35:8 → RH 35:9.
Tabernacle Creation
Verse 35:10 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:10 “Let every skilled person among you come and make everything YHWH has commanded:”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:10 “Let everyone wise in heart among you come and make everything the Lord has appointed:”
Classification & Notes
Same
Earlier navigation: 35:9 → RH 35:10.
Verse 35:11 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:11 “the tabernacle, its tent and its covering, its clasps, its boards, its bars, its pillars, and its bases;”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:11 “the tent, its side curtains, its coverings and its stretching cords, its bars and its pillars;”
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G has a shorter and differently worded inventory. Its construction terms remain provisional.
Earlier navigation: 35:10 → RH 35:11.
Verse 35:12 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:12 “the ark and its poles, the cover, and the screening veil;”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:12 “the ark of the testimony and its carrying poles, the propitiatory cover, and the veil;”
Classification & Notes
Different — G explicitly calls it the ark of the testimony and uses hilastērion for the cover.
Earlier navigation: 35:11 → RH 35:12.
Verse 35:13 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:13 “the table and its poles, all its utensils, and the bread of the Presence;”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:13 “the table and all its utensils;”
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G gives the table later and lacks the explicit poles and bread here.
Earlier navigation: 35:15 → RH 35:13.
Verse 35:14 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:14 “the lampstand for the light and its utensils, its lamps, and the oil for the light;”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:14 “the lampstand for the light and all its utensils;”
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G gives a shorter entry later in the inventory.
Earlier navigation: 35:16 → RH 35:14.
Verse 35:15 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:15 “the incense altar and its poles, the anointing oil and the fragrant incense, and the entrance screen at the doorway of the tabernacle;”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:12a(ii) “the incense and the anointing oil;”
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G does not enumerate the incense altar, its poles, or the entrance screen here.
Earlier navigation: 35:14 → RH 35:12a(ii).
Verse 35:16 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:16 “the altar of burnt offering and its bronze grating, its poles and all its utensils, the basin and its stand;”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:16 “the altar and all its utensils;”
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G omits the detailed fittings and basin in this inventory entry.
Earlier navigation: 35:17 → RH 35:16.
Verse 35:17 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:17 “the hangings of the court, its pillars and its bases, and the screen for the gate of the court;”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:12a(i) “the hangings of the court and its pillars; and the emerald stones;”
Classification & Notes
Divergent — The shorter court entry is followed in G by a separate emerald-stone entry. Both are retained here in their Greek sequence.
Earlier navigation: 35:12–13 → RH 35:12a(i).
Verse 35:18 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:18 “the pegs of the tabernacle and the pegs of the court, and their cords;”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
H 35:18 alignment — No separate peg-and-cord entry in this G inventory. —
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G mentions stretching cords earlier, but does not provide this full clause.
Verse 35:19 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:19 “the garments for service in the sanctuary, the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments of his sons for priestly service.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:19 “the holy robes of Aaron the priest and the robes in which they shall minister; the priestly tunics for Aaron’s sons, the anointing oil, and the compounded incense.”
Classification & Notes
Divergent — RH 35:19 groups the priestly clothing and repeated oil-and-incense entries in one verse; Hebrew 35:19 has a shorter clothing entry.
Earlier navigation: 35:18–19 → RH 35:19.
Tabernacle Offering
Verse 35:20 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:20 Then the whole congregation of the children of Israel departed from Moses’ presence.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:20 Then the whole congregation of the children of Israel departed from Moses’ presence.
Classification & Notes
Same
Verse 35:21 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:21 Everyone whose heart stirred him and everyone whose spirit moved him came and brought YHWH’s contribution for the work of the Tent of Meeting, for all its service, and for the holy garments.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:21 Everyone whose heart prompted him and whose soul was willing brought an offering to the Lord for all the work of the Tent of Testimony, for all its service, and for all the holy robes.
Classification & Notes
Similar — Heart and spirit/soul describe willing participation. The tent titles follow each source.
Verse 35:22 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:22 The men came with the women, all whose hearts were willing. They brought brooches, earrings, rings, and ornaments, every kind of gold object; everyone who presented a gold offering to YHWH came.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:22 The men brought from the women, everyone whose heart approved: seals, earrings, rings, chains, bracelets, and every gold object—all who brought gold offerings to the Lord.
Classification & Notes
Different — H has men with women; G says men brought from the women and lists five kinds of ornaments. Some jewelry terms are uncertain.
Verse 35:23 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:23 Everyone who had blue, purple, or scarlet yarn, fine linen, goats’ hair, rams’ skins dyed red, or tachash skins brought them.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:23 Everyone who had fine linen, skins dyed blue, or rams’ skins dyed red brought them.
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G has a shorter materials list.
Verse 35:24 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:24 Everyone contributing silver or bronze brought YHWH’s contribution, and everyone who had acacia wood for any work of the service brought it.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:24 Everyone contributing silver or bronze brought offerings to the Lord, and those who had decay-resistant wood for all the work of preparation brought it.
Classification & Notes
Similar
Verse 35:25 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:25 Every skilled woman spun with her hands and brought what she had spun: blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and fine linen.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:25 Every woman wise in heart spun with her hands and brought spun blue, purple, scarlet, and fine linen.
Classification & Notes
Same
Verse 35:26 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:26 All the women whose hearts stirred them with skill spun the goats’ hair.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:26 All the women whose hearts stirred them with skill spun the goats’ hair.
Classification & Notes
Same
Verse 35:27 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:27 The leaders brought the onyx stones and the stones for setting in the ephod and the breastpiece,
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:27 The leaders brought the emerald stones and the stones for setting in the shoulder-piece and the oracle-piece,
Classification & Notes
Different — G uses emerald rather than onyx, and logion, “oracle-piece,” for the breastpiece.
Verse 35:28 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:28 and the spice and the oil for the light, for the anointing oil, and for the fragrant incense.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:28 and the compounds, the anointing oil, and the compounded incense.
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G does not separately mention oil for the light here.
Verse 35:29 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:29 Every man and woman whose heart made them willing to bring something for all the work YHWH had commanded through Moses—the children of Israel brought it as a freewill offering to YHWH.
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:29 Every man and woman whose mind inclined them to come and do all the work the Lord had commanded through Moses—the children of Israel brought an offering to the Lord.
Classification & Notes
Different — H emphasizes willingness to bring; G includes willingness to come and work.
Commissioning Bezalel and Oholiab
Verse 35:30 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:30 Moses said to the children of Israel, “See, YHWH has called by name Bezalel son of Uri, son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:30 Moses said to the children of Israel, “See, God has called by name Bezalel son of Uri, son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah.”
Classification & Notes
Different — G says God here rather than Lord.
Verse 35:31 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:31 “He has filled him with the Spirit of God, with wisdom, understanding, knowledge, and every kind of craftsmanship,”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:31 “He has filled him with the divine Spirit of wisdom, understanding, and knowledge of all things,”
Classification & Notes
Similar — RH explicitly has divine Spirit, corresponding to Hebrew Spirit of God. Its knowledge-of-all-things phrase differs in expression from the craft designation in Hebrew.
Verse 35:32 Same
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:32 “to devise designs and to work in gold, silver, and bronze,”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:32 “to design in every craft, working gold, silver, and bronze,”
Classification & Notes
Same
Verse 35:33 Similar
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:33 “to cut stones for setting and to carve wood, to carry out every kind of skilled work.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:33 “to work stone and shape wood, and to carry out every work of skill.”
Classification & Notes
Similar
Verse 35:34 Different
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:34 “He has put it in his heart to teach—both him and Oholiab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:34 “He has put it in his mind to teach—both him and Eliab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan.”
Classification & Notes
Different — The name forms Oholiab and Eliab are preserved independently.
Verse 35:35 Divergent
Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)
35:35 “He has filled them with skill to do every kind of work: engraving, designing, embroidering in blue, purple, and scarlet yarn and fine linen, and weaving. They are makers of every kind of work and devisers of designs.”
Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)
G 35:35 “He has filled them with wisdom and understanding of mind to comprehend and do all the work of the sanctuary: weaving and embroidering in scarlet and fine linen, carrying out every work of design and embroidery.”
Classification & Notes
Divergent — G explicitly mentions sanctuary work and has a shorter textile and craft list; blue and purple are not stated here.