Exodus 28 — Hebrew and Greek compared

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:1 Bring Aaron your brother and his sons from among the sons of Israel to serve Me as priests: Aaron and Aaron’s sons Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:1 Bring Aaron your brother and his sons from among the sons of Israel to serve Me as priests: Aaron and Aaron’s sons Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:2 You shall make holy garments for Aaron your brother, for glory and beauty.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:2 You shall make a holy robe for Aaron your brother, for honor and glory.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:3 Speak to all the skilled-hearted people whom I have filled with a spirit of wisdom, that they make Aaron’s garments to consecrate him to serve Me as priest.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:3 Speak to everyone skilled in understanding whom I have filled with a spirit of perception. They shall make Aaron’s holy robe for the sanctuary, in which he shall serve Me as priest.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:4 These are the garments they shall make: a breastpiece, an ephod, a robe, a patterned tunic, a turban, and a sash. They shall make holy garments for Aaron your brother and his sons to serve Me as priests.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:4 These are the robes they shall make: a breastpiece, a shoulder-piece, a full-length robe, a tasseled tunic, a turban, and a sash. They shall make holy robes for Aaron and his sons to serve Me as priests.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:5 They shall take gold, blue, purple, scarlet yarn, and fine linen.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:5 They shall take gold, blue, purple, scarlet yarn, and fine linen.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:6 They shall make the ephod of gold, blue, purple, scarlet yarn, and finely twisted linen, the work of a skilled designer.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:6 They shall make the shoulder-piece of spun fine linen, the work of a skilled weaving embroiderer.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:7 It shall have two shoulder-pieces joined at its two edges, so that it is joined together.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:7 It shall have two shoulder-pieces joined to one another, fitted at the two sides.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:8 The skillfully woven band upon it shall be made as one piece with it, of the same workmanship: gold, blue, purple, scarlet yarn, and finely twisted linen.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:8 The woven work of the shoulder-pieces upon it shall be made as one piece with it, of the same workmanship: gold, blue, purple, spun scarlet yarn, and spun fine linen.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:9 You shall take two onyx stones and engrave the names of the sons of Israel on them,

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:9 You shall take two emerald stones and engrave the names of the sons of Israel on them,

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:10 six names on one stone and the six remaining names on the other, according to their birth.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:10 six names on one stone and the six remaining names on the other, according to their generations.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:11 With a stone engraver’s workmanship, like a seal engraving, you shall engrave the two stones with the names of the sons of Israel and set them in gold settings.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:11 With a stoneworker’s craftsmanship, like a seal engraving, you shall engrave the two stones with the names of the sons of Israel.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:12 You shall put the two stones on the ephod’s shoulders as memorial stones for the sons of Israel. Aaron shall bear their names on his two shoulders before YHWH as a memorial.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:12 You shall place the two stones on the shoulders of the shoulder-piece. They are memorial stones for the sons of Israel, and Aaron shall bear the names of the sons of Israel on his two shoulders before the Lord as a memorial concerning them.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:13 You shall make gold settings,

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:13 You shall make small rosettes of pure gold,

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:14 and two chains of pure gold, twisted like cords, and attach the twisted chains to the settings.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:14 You shall make two braided ornaments of pure gold, intertwined with flowers, and place the braided work on the rosettes along their shoulder-pieces in front.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:15 You shall make the breastpiece of judgment, of skilled workmanship, like the ephod: of gold, blue, purple, scarlet yarn, and finely twisted linen.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:15 You shall make an oracle-piece of judgments, embroidered work, according to the pattern of the shoulder-piece, of gold, blue, purple, spun scarlet yarn, and spun fine linen.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:16 It shall be square and doubled, a span long and a span wide.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:16 It shall be square and doubled, a span long and a span wide.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:17 You shall set four rows of stones in it. The first row shall be a sardius, topaz, and carbuncle;

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:17 You shall weave into it a fabric set with four rows of stones. The first row shall be a sardius, topaz, and emerald;

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:18 the second row an emerald, sapphire, and diamond;

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:18 the second row a carbuncle, sapphire, and jasper;

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:19 the third row a ligure, agate, and amethyst;

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:19 the third row a ligure, agate, and amethyst;

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:20 the fourth row a beryl, onyx, and jasper. They shall be enclosed in gold settings.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:20 the fourth row a chrysolite, beryl, and onyx. They shall be enclosed in gold and bound in gold according to their rows.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:21 The stones shall bear the names of the sons of Israel, twelve according to their names, each engraved like a seal with the name of one of the twelve tribes.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:21 The stones shall bear the names of the sons of Israel, twelve according to their names, each engraved like a seal with the name of one of the twelve tribes.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:22 You shall make twisted chains of pure gold for the breastpiece.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:22 You shall make braided chains of pure gold for the oracle-piece.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:23 You shall make two gold rings for the breastpiece and put them at its two ends.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

H 28:23 alignment — No corresponding ring instruction here in the consulted Greek. —

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:24 You shall put the two gold chains through the two rings at the breastpiece’s ends.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

H 28:24 alignment — See the shorter placement instruction at G28:29a. —

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:25 You shall attach the other ends of the two chains to the two settings, and put them on the ephod’s shoulder-pieces in front.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

H 28:25 alignment — See the shorter placement instruction at G28:29a. —

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:26 You shall make two gold rings and put them at the breastpiece’s two ends, on its inner edge next to the ephod.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

H 28:26 alignment — No corresponding clause here in the consulted Greek. —

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:27 You shall make two gold rings and put them beneath the ephod’s two shoulder-pieces in front, near its joining, above its woven band.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

H 28:27 alignment — No corresponding clause here in the consulted Greek. —

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:28 They shall bind the breastpiece’s rings to the ephod’s rings with a blue cord, so that it rests above the woven band and does not come loose from the ephod.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

H 28:28 alignment — No corresponding clause here in the consulted Greek. —

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:29 Aaron shall bear the names of the sons of Israel in the breastpiece of judgment over his heart when he enters the sanctuary, as a continual memorial before YHWH.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:29–29a Aaron shall bear the names of the sons of Israel on the oracle-piece of judgment over his chest when he enters the sanctuary, as a memorial before God. You shall place the braided ornaments on the oracle-piece of judgment, the chains on both its sides, and the two rosettes on the two shoulders of the shoulder-piece in front.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:30 You shall put the Urim and Thummim in the breastpiece of judgment, and they shall be over Aaron’s heart when he enters before YHWH. Aaron shall bear the judgment of the sons of Israel over his heart before YHWH continually.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:30 You shall place Manifestation and Truth on the oracle-piece of judgment, and it shall be over Aaron’s chest when he enters the sanctuary before the Lord. Aaron shall bear the judgments of the sons of Israel over his chest before the Lord continually.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:31 You shall make the ephod’s robe entirely blue.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:31 You shall make a full-length under-robe entirely blue.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:32 It shall have an opening for the head in its middle, with a woven binding around the opening like that of a coat of armor, so that it does not tear.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:32 Its neck opening shall be in the middle, with a woven border around it and a seam woven as one piece with it, so that it does not tear.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:33 Around its lower hem you shall make pomegranates of blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, with gold bells between them all around.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:33 Around the under-robe’s lower hem you shall make little pomegranates like those of a flowering pomegranate tree, of blue, purple, spun scarlet yarn, and spun fine linen; likewise gold pomegranates, with bells between them all around.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:34 A gold bell and a pomegranate, a gold bell and a pomegranate, shall alternate around the robe’s hem.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:34 Beside a gold pomegranate there shall be a bell and a floral ornament around the under-robe’s hem.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:35 Aaron shall wear it when he ministers, and its sound shall be heard when he enters the sanctuary before YHWH and when he leaves, so that he does not die.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:35 Aaron’s sound shall be heard when he ministers, entering the sanctuary before the Lord and leaving, so that he does not die.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:36 You shall make a plate of pure gold and engrave on it like a seal: “Holy to YHWH.”

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:36 You shall make a plate of pure gold and stamp on it like a seal: “The Lord’s consecrated thing.”

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:37 You shall fasten it to a blue cord so that it rests on the turban, at the front of the turban.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:37 You shall fasten it to spun blue material so that it rests on the headband, at the front of the headband.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:38 It shall be on Aaron’s forehead, and Aaron shall bear the guilt of the holy things the sons of Israel consecrate in all their holy gifts. It shall be on his forehead continually, so that they may be accepted before YHWH.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:38 It shall be on Aaron’s forehead, and Aaron shall remove the sins of the holy things the sons of Israel consecrate, of every holy gift. It shall be on Aaron’s forehead continually, acceptable for them before the Lord.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:39 You shall weave the fine-linen tunic in a patterned weave, make a fine-linen turban, and make an embroidered sash.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:39 The tunics’ tassels shall be of fine linen. You shall make a fine-linen turban and an embroidered sash.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:40 You shall make tunics, sashes, and caps for Aaron’s sons, for glory and beauty.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:40 You shall make tunics, sashes, and turbans for Aaron’s sons, for honor and glory.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:41 You shall clothe Aaron your brother and his sons with these garments, anoint them, fill their hands, and consecrate them to serve Me as priests.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:41 You shall clothe Aaron your brother and his sons with these garments, anoint them, fill their hands, and consecrate them to serve Me as priests.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:42 You shall make linen undergarments for them to cover their nakedness, reaching from the waist to the thighs.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:42 You shall make linen undergarments for them to cover the nakedness of their flesh, reaching from the waist to the thighs.

Hebrew–English: Literal-Smooth (Rabbinic Priority)

28:43 Aaron and his sons shall wear them when they enter the Tent of Meeting or approach the altar to minister in the sanctuary, so that they do not bear guilt and die. This is a perpetual statute for him and his descendants after him.

Greek–English: Literal-Smooth (Saints Priority)

G 28:43 Aaron and his sons shall wear them when they enter the Tent of Testimony or approach the sanctuary’s altar to minister, so that they do not bring sin upon themselves and die. This is a perpetual statute for him and his descendants after him.