
Judith 5 • Achior recounts Israel's history — Greek text and reception
Each card preserves the Greek reading and its textual and reception notes. This source provides a Greek study edition; Hebrew counterparts and Hebrew–Greek classifications are not supplied.
Chapter 5 • Achior recounts Israel's history
Verse 5:1
Greek–English Saints Priority
It was reported to Holofernes, commander-in-chief of the army of Asshur, that the sons of Israel had prepared for war, closed the passages through the hill country, fortified every high mountain summit, and placed obstacles in the plains.
Textual & Reception Notes
σκάνδαλα here are military obstacles or traps, not moral offenses.
Verse 5:2
Greek–English Saints Priority
He became exceedingly furious and called all the rulers of Moab, the generals of Ammon, and all the satraps of the coast.
Textual & Reception Notes
Satraps preserves the administrative title.
Verse 5:3
Greek–English Saints Priority
He said to them, “Tell me now, sons of Canaan, who is this people dwelling in the hill country? What cities do they inhabit? How numerous is their army? In what do their might and strength consist? Who has arisen as king over them, leading their army?
Textual & Reception Notes
All the questions are preserved; the address sons of Canaan is the speaker's own.
Verse 5:4
Greek–English Saints Priority
Why, unlike all the inhabitants of the west, have they turned their backs and refused to come and meet me?”
Textual & Reception Notes
The refusal is expressed through the source's turning-the-back idiom.
Verse 5:5
Greek–English Saints Priority
Achior, the leader of all the sons of Ammon, said to him, “Let my lord hear a word from the mouth of your servant. I will tell you the truth about this people who inhabit this hill country near where you are staying. No falsehood shall come from your servant's mouth.
Textual & Reception Notes
Achior's declared truthfulness introduces his speech; servant is the conventional self-address.
Verse 5:6
Greek–English Saints Priority
This people are descendants of the Chaldeans.
Textual & Reception Notes
The account gives the people's ancestral origin, without inserting an ancestor's name.
Verse 5:7
Greek–English Saints Priority
They formerly lived as aliens in Mesopotamia, because they were unwilling to follow the gods of their fathers, who had been in the land of the Chaldeans.
Textual & Reception Notes
Verse 5:8
Greek–English Saints Priority
They departed from the way of their parents and worshiped the God of heaven, the God whom they had come to know. So people drove them away from the presence of their gods, and they fled to Mesopotamia and lived there as aliens for many days.
Textual & Reception Notes
People supplies the unexpressed subject of drove out; no specific named persecutor is added.
Verse 5:9
Greek–English Saints Priority
Their God told them to leave the place where they lived as aliens and go to the land of Canaan. They settled there and grew rich in gold, silver, and exceedingly much livestock.
Textual & Reception Notes
Verse 5:10
Greek–English Saints Priority
They went down to Egypt, for famine covered the face of the land of Canaan, and lived there as aliens while they were sustained. There they became a great multitude, and their race could not be numbered.
Textual & Reception Notes
μέχρις οὗ διετράφησαν is a compressed temporal expression concerning their sustenance; the precise endpoint remains a review question.
Verse 5:11
Greek–English Saints Priority
The king of Egypt rose against them and dealt craftily with them through toil and brickmaking. The Egyptians humbled them and made them slaves.
Textual & Reception Notes
The Greek shifts from the singular king to an unexpressed plural subject; Egyptians makes that contextual subject explicit.
Verse 5:12
Greek–English Saints Priority
They cried out to their God, and He struck the whole land of Egypt with plagues for which there was no healing. The Egyptians drove them out of their presence.
Textual & Reception Notes
Verse 5:13
Greek–English Saints Priority
God dried up the Red Sea before them
Textual & Reception Notes
Red Sea is the actual Greek name.
Verse 5:14
Greek–English Saints Priority
and led them on the way of Sinai and Kadesh-barnea. They drove out all who inhabited the wilderness,
Textual & Reception Notes
The divine leading and the people's driving out are distinct agents.
Verse 5:15
Greek–English Saints Priority
settled in the land of the Amorites, and destroyed all the people of Heshbon by their strength. After crossing the Jordan, they inherited the entire hill country
Textual & Reception Notes
The crossing of the Jordan belongs to source verse fifteen despite a paragraph break in the display.
Verse 5:16
Greek–English Saints Priority
and drove out before them the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Jebusite, Shechem, and all the Gergesites. They lived in it for many days.
Textual & Reception Notes
Shechem appears within the source's list and is not replaced by another nation.
Verse 5:17
Greek–English Saints Priority
As long as they did not sin before their God, good things were with them, because a God who hates injustice is with them.
Textual & Reception Notes
The shift from past were to present is follows the Greek.
Verse 5:18
Greek–English Saints Priority
But when they departed from the way He had ordained for them, they were destroyed very severely in many wars and taken captive to a land not their own. The temple of their God was razed to the ground, and their cities were seized by their adversaries.
Textual & Reception Notes
The devastation and exile are both explicit; no absolute annihilation is inferred beyond the narrative's language.
Verse 5:19
Greek–English Saints Priority
Now, having returned to their God, they have come up from the dispersion where they were scattered, taken possession of Jerusalem, where their sanctuary is, and settled in the hill country, because it was deserted.
Textual & Reception Notes
Returning to God precedes the return from dispersion in Achior's account.
Verse 5:20
Greek–English Saints Priority
And now, master and lord, if there is an offense in this people and they are sinning against their God, and we discover that this stumbling block is among them, then we shall go up and wage war against them.
Textual & Reception Notes
The conditional warning retains both the people's sin and the need to ascertain it.
Verse 5:21
Greek–English Saints Priority
But if there is no lawlessness in their nation, let my lord pass them by, lest their Lord and God shield them and we become a disgrace before the whole earth.”
Textual & Reception Notes
My lord addresses Holofernes; their Lord refers to God. The contrasting referents govern capitalization.
Verse 5:22
Greek–English Saints Priority
When Achior finished speaking these words, all the people standing around the tent grumbled, and Holofernes' nobles, together with all the inhabitants of the coast and Moab, called for him to be cut to pieces.
Textual & Reception Notes
συγκόψαι is a violent demand, not merely a call to silence him.
Verse 5:23
Greek–English Saints Priority
“For we shall not fear the sons of Israel! Look, they are a people without force or power for a strong battle line.
Textual & Reception Notes
The quotation continues the opponents' response.
Verse 5:24
Greek–English Saints Priority
Therefore we shall go up, and they will be food for your entire army, master Holofernes.”
Textual & Reception Notes
The devouring image is retained.