Wisdom — Greek text and reception
Choose a chapter to explore the source readings and their notes. Original references, source labels, and review records are retained.
Source guide and review record
Saints Translation — Wisdom
Chapters 1–19 • V1 • Working translation draft • Sep 8, 2026
Reader’s guide
Complete working translation draft: all nineteen chapters and four hundred and thirty-five Greek source verses independently translated from the directly read Rahlfs–Hanhart publisher main text. English editing, source-label accounting, and selective attributed reception checks are complete. Independent qualified linguistic and critical-apparatus review remain outstanding.
References follow the actual verse labels of the publisher’s Rahlfs–Hanhart Greek presentation, one verse per row. Chapter seventeen ends at 17:20 in this source; no extra verse is supplied from another numbering tradition. The volume contains nineteen chapters and four hundred and thirty-five source verses. There is no invented Hebrew parallel. Chapter and pericope titles are editorial reading aids, not an asserted historical lectionary.
The middle column presents an independent English translation of the declared Greek main text. The final column records textual decisions, uncertainty, and selected attributed Christian reception. Poetic clause breaks and transitions between speakers are retained. Blank note cells carry no additional claim.
Source basis
Septuaginta, Alfred Rahlfs, second revised edition edited by Robert Hanhart (2006), Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft; publisher’s online ancient Greek main text
Sources and method
G — Septuaginta, Alfred Rahlfs, second revised edition edited by Robert Hanhart (2006), Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft; online Greek main text, Sapientia
Wisdom 1–19: complete ancient Greek main text directly read and independently translated, 435 source verses. Exact chapter access URLs and dates are recorded separately. No critical apparatus or manuscript images collated.
Direct reading of the publisher’s ancient Greek main text. Edition notice: © 2006 Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, Stuttgart. English is independently translated; no modern English Bible used as a translation base. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
AUG-CG17 — Augustine of Hippo, The City of God 17.20; Marcus Dods, translator; Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, First Series 2 (1887), New Advent presentation
Chapter 20, direct quotation and Christian interpretation of Wisdom 2:12–21; surrounding discussion of the books attributed to Solomon.
Selected primary work directly read in identified public-domain English translation; Latin original not collated. Reception evidence only, not a biblical translation base. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
GNY-EUN8 — Gregory of Nyssa, Against Eunomius, Book VIII, sections 4–5 in the NPNF arrangement; H. A. Wilson, translator; Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Second Series 5 (1893), New Advent presentation
Section 4 explicitly applies Wisdom 7:25 imagery to the Son while rejecting material interpretations; section 5 uses Wisdom 7:18 in distinguishing created temporal limits from divine eternity.
Selected primary work directly read in identified public-domain English translation; Greek original and other numbering systems not collated. Reception evidence only. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Chapter source access
Wisdom 1 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 1:1–16; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 2 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 2:1–24; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 3 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 3:1–19; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 4 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 4:1–20; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 5 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 5:1–23; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 6 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 6:1–25; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 7 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 7:1–30; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 8 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 8:1–21; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 9 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 9:1–18; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 10 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 10:1–21; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 11 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 11:1–26; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 12 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 12:1–27; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 13 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 13:1–19; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 14 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 14:1–31; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 15 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 15:1–19; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 16 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 16:1–29; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 17 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 17:1–20; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 18 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 18:1–25; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Wisdom 19 — publisher Greek main text
Complete Greek main text, 19:1–22; directly read before translation. Accessed Sep 8, 2026.
Translation terms
σοφία — wisdom; she/her in personification
Retain the feminine bride, mother, artisan, teacher, and companion imagery. Lowercase pronouns avoid deciding a later doctrinal personal identity by typography; attributed Christian reception is recorded separately. Especially 1:4–7; 6:12–7:30; 8:1–21; 10:1–11:1.
δικαιοσύνη / δίκαιος — righteousness / righteous
Preserve the ethical and judicial family throughout; contextual judgment language does not require a universal one-word equation.
ἀθανασία / ἀφθαρσία / ἀϊδιότης — immortality / incorruption / eternity
Keep these related but distinct terms, especially 2:23; 3:4; 6:18–19; 7:26; 8:13, 17; 15:3.
πνεῦμα — Spirit, spirit, breath, or wind
Context governs: divine Spirit in 1:7; 9:17; 12:1, spirit in descriptions of wisdom or life, and wind/breath in storm imagery. Ambiguous personification is not settled solely through capitals. The alternatives at 7:20 and difficult phrase at 1:5 remain noted.
παιδεία / παιδεύω — discipline, instruction, upbringing / discipline, instruct
Retain formative correction and learning. Upbringing is contextual at 2:12; the merciful disciplinary contrast is explicit in 11:9–10 and 12:22.
ἐπισκοπή — visitation; contextual care or judgment
The same term can concern favorable care at 3:7, 13 and punitive visitation at 14:11; the speakers’ challenge at 2:20 is noted rather than forced into a single sense.
παῖς / δοῦλος / παιδίσκη — child or servant / slave / slave woman
Retain context and legal imagery: child at 2:13 and 19:6; servant in 9:4; explicit paired slave language in 9:5. Distinguish παῖς from the explicit son, υἱός, at 2:18.
λόγος / ῥῆμα — word, reason, utterance
Reason at 2:2 is contextual. God’s word in 9:1; 16:12; 18:15–16 is translated without inserting an unexpressed personal name; the warrior in 18:15 is explicit personification.
φιλάνθρωπος — loving humanity; love humanity
Retain the breadth of benevolence toward human beings in 1:6; 7:23; 12:19.
ἐξιλασμός — propitiation
At 18:21, follows the project’s ritual preference while recording expiation/atonement nuances. The word alone is not made to decide a complete theological account.
ξῦλον — wood
Keep the source’s wood imagery in 10:4 and 14:1–8; do not silently replace it with ark or cross. A specific later reception would require separate attributed evidence.
Translation decisions
Translate the directly read Rahlfs–Hanhart 2006 publisher main text throughout. No eclectic departure, manuscript collation, Göttingen apparatus access, or Hebrew counterpart is claimed.
Use Reference | Greek–English Saints Priority | Textual & Reception Notes as the actual three-column structure for this Greek-only book.
Preserve all 435 publisher source labels once, including chapter seventeen’s actual endpoint at 17:20. Do not supply an extra label from another numbering convention.
Preserve poetic clause breaks and complete sentences across verse rows; pericope headings are editorial and do not establish an official lectionary.
Keep changes of speaker explicit, especially the ungodly speech at 2:1–20, their later admission at 5:4–13, and the prayer at 9:1–18.
Spell out quantities in translated prose and retain actual numerical distinctions: ten months in 7:2; four rows of stones in 18:24; one chain of darkness in 17:16.
Use Lord for divine κύριος and capitalize clear divine personal pronouns. Do not turn wisdom’s grammatical personification into an unqualified named doctrinal identity.
Preserve the book’s unnamed historical descriptions rather than silently inserting names from parallel narratives.
Retain claims that differ from familiar retellings, including the flame of stars in 10:17, land becoming a grassy plain in 19:7, and the sea origin of the quail in 19:12.
Retain the text’s stated tensions and severe moral judgments without adding a harmonizing explanation; relevant ambiguity and lexical uncertainty are recorded in notes.
Reception consists of three verified, attributed paraphrases from two primary works in identified public-domain English translations. This is a selective record, not a patristic consensus or comprehensive survey.
English editorial correction at 15:19 changes an ambiguous phrase about animal appearance into ‘in their appearance as animals,’ so that animals are not mistakenly made the observing subjects. Source wording rechecked; logged below.
Change record
15:19 • Sep 8, 2026
Previous: they do not even happen to be beautiful enough to desire in the sight of animals
Revised: Nor, in their appearance as animals, are they beautiful enough to be desired
Reason: Clarifies that ἐν ζῴων ὄψει concerns animal appearance, not animal observers. No source reading changed.
Source and review: G; publisher Wisdom 15:19. AI editorial correction against directly read Greek; qualified independent review outstanding.
Outstanding review
Independent qualified Greek second-reader review and comprehensive critical-apparatus review remain outstanding. Complete running-text coverage does not establish those forms of review.
Priority syntax and lexical review: 1:5 (ἐλεγχθήσεται); 2:24 (closing pronouns); 3:10 (τοῦ δικαίου); 4:12, 14; 5:7, 16, 18; 7:3, 20, 22–23.
Priority syntax and lexical review: 8:4, 6, 19–21; 10:4–5, 7, 10, 12; 11:14, 18, 22; 12:3–6, 12–13, 17, 27.
Priority syntax and lexical review: 14:26 (γενέσεως ἐναλλαγή); 15:19; 16:2, 11, 21–23; 17:6, 12–13; 18:2–3, 9, 12; 19:15, 18, 20–21.
Theological and reception review should distinguish the direct personifications of wisdom, spirit, and word from later Christian identifications. The two patristic works were read in translation; their Latin or Greek originals were not collated.
The ancient descriptions of conception, natural phenomena, animals, and elemental transformations are translated as stated, without modern scientific harmonization or unqualified species identifications.
Coverage and review record
Coverage: 19 chapters; 435 Greek main-text units; 435 translation rows; 315 annotated rows; 9592 English translation words; 57 editorial pericopes; 3 verified reception notes.
Source verse totals by chapter: 16, 24, 19, 20, 23, 25, 30, 21, 18, 21, 26, 27, 19, 31, 19, 29, 20, 25, 22.
All source labels matched once. Publisher Greek chapter 17 ends at 17:20.
Extracted source record SHA-256: fc41e4acc93db5690259102b7d983fcaff7d36ce28ac1c4257e96388b9f02426
direct greek main text: All nineteen chapters and 435 actual publisher verse units read before independent English translation; every source label accounted for once.
independent review: Qualified external linguistic review and critical apparatus collation outstanding.
reception: Three selected notes verified directly in Augustine The City of God 17.20 and Gregory of Nyssa Against Eunomius VIII.4–5 in the NPNF presentation; originals not collated.
structural: All chapter and verse labels match the complete locally extracted publisher Greek text.
translation and english: AI translation and English editing completed through the book; difficult constructions explicitly marked. No modern English Bible used as a translation base.
Production review
Document format: Native headings, three-column tables, repeated table headers, and paged settings applied. Exported-page inspection is recorded separately. Automatic page-number fields could not be added with the exposed native API.